美国2019年国防预算节选之三：日益增长的威胁 [美国媒体]

U.S. Department of Defense Fiscal Year 2019 Defense Budget 

美国2019年国防预算节选之三：日益增长的威胁



THE GROWING THREAT
Competitor states, especially China and Russia, have narrowed DoD’s military technological advantages, demanding the United States find new and innovative ways to fight in the future.

与美国竞争的国家，尤其是中国和俄罗斯，已经缩小了国防部在军事技术上的优势，这要求美国在未来的战争中寻找新的方法。

China is now a strategic competitor, using predatory economics to intimidate its neighbors while militarizing features in the South China Sea. Russia has violated the borders of nearby nations and pursues veto power over the economic, diplomatic, and security decisions of its neighbors.

中国现在成为一个战略竞争对手了，利用其掠夺性的经济行为来威胁邻国，同时将南海军事化。俄罗斯则侵犯了邻国的边境，并寻求对邻国的经济、外交和安全决策拥有否决权。

Concurrently, North Korea’s actions and rhetoric continue despite the United Nation’s censure and sanctions. Iran continues to sow violence and remains the most significant challenge to Middle East stability. Despite the defeat of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria’s (ISIS) physical caliphate, threats to stability remain as terrorist groups with long reach continue to murder innocent people and threaten peace.

与此同时，尽管联合国进行了谴责和制裁，但是朝鲜的行动和言论仍在继续。继续煽动着暴力的伊朗，仍然是中东地区稳定的最大挑战。尽管在伊拉克和叙利亚的伊斯兰国家ISIS实体已经被击败，但是威胁稳定的因素仍然存在，恐怖组织继续杀害无辜的人民，威胁着和平。

This increasingly complex United States security environment is defined by rapid technological change, challenges from adversaries in every operating domain, and the impact on current readiness from the longest continuous stretch of armed conflict in U.S. history. In this environment, there can be no complacency—the United States must make the difficult choices that prioritize what is most important to field a lethal, resilient, and rapidly adapting Joint Force.

美国这个日益复杂的安全环境成因是：迅速发展的技术变革、来自各个战区对手的挑战，以及美国目前为应对史上持续时间最长的武装冲突所带来的后果。在这样的环境下，我们不能自满懈怠，美国必须作出艰难的选择，当务之急是组建一个具备杀伤力、复原力、迅速适应力的联合部队。

The re-emergence of long-term strategic competition, rapid dispersion of technologies, and new concepts of warfare and competition that span the entire spectrum of conflict require a Joint Force structured to match this reality.

长期战略竞争的重新出现、技术的快速扩散、以及横跨整个冲突范围的战争和竞争概念都要求联合部队要有能力适应这一现实。

The Department of Defense is responsible for ensuring that the Joint Force remains able to simultaneously protect the U.S. homeland, respond to and defeat adversary aggression abroad, and wage a global counter-terrorism campaign in cooperation with U.S. allies and partners, all while still improving its ability to respond to emerging threats. Thus, the defense program must be able to address both near-term requirements of these strategic imperatives while ensuring that U.S. Armed Forces will be able to prevail against future challenges in these mission areas. This Administration recognizes that the Department needs to rebuild the strength of the U.S. Armed Forces and has requested the resources in FY 2017 (Request for Additional Appropriations), FY 2018, and FY 2019 to begin that effort.

国防部有责任确保联合部队一直有能力同时保护美国本土、应对并击败海外的敌人侵略，并与美国的盟国和合作伙伴共同开展全球反恐运动，同时还要提高联合部队应对新威胁的能力。因此，国防方案必须能够解决这些短期的战略需要，同时还要确保美国武装部队能够战胜这些战区今后的挑战。本届政府认识到，国防部需要重建美国武装部队的力量，并要求利用2017财年（额外拨款请求）、2018财年以及2019财年的预算资金开始这项努力。

注释：美国2017财年《额外拨款请求》要求为国防部增加300亿美元拨款，用于应对当前的战备性不足，并为加速对抗“伊斯兰国”提供资金。2017财年《额外拨款请求》是重建美国武装力量的第一步，旨在为提升近期战备性提供资源。

Building a more lethal force requires predictable and timely funding needed to execute a multiyear plan that rapidly rebuilds the Joint Force warfighter construct. This effort will require filling the gaps in capacity and lethality while preparing for sustained future investments. This endeavor includes a renewed focus on a safe and secure nuclear deterrent, fielding decisive and dynamic conventional forces, and retaining irregular warfare as a core competency.

建设一个更具杀伤力的力量需要明朗可预测的、及时的资金，来执行一个持续多年的计划，迅速重组联合部队的作战人员。这项努力将需要弥补我军在能力和杀伤力方面的不足，同时为未来的持续投资做好准备。这包括重新重视安全有保障的核威慑力量、部署决定性和动态的常规力量，并继续以非正规战争为核心能力。

注释：非正规战争是21世纪美国提出的一种战争模式，是一种国家与非国家参与者之间为了争夺合法性和对相关民众的影响而进行的暴力斗争。

The FY 2019 budget uses innovative technologies to increase the lethality of new and existing weapon systems. The Department is also developing leap-ahead systems to enable the Joint Force to defeat future aggression.

2019财年国防预算将使用创新技术来增加新武器系统和现有武器系统的杀伤力。国防部也正在研发领先的武器系统，让联合部队能够战胜未来的侵略。

This budget continues the Administration’s Missile Defeat and Defense Enhancement effort to increase the capability and capacity of the United States to detect, disrupt, defeat and defend against any ballistic missile attack on the homeland, U.S. deployed forces, and U.S. allies.

此次预算将继续强化特朗普政府强调的导弹防御及打击能力，提高美国侦查、瓦解、击败并防御任何美国本土、军事基地以及盟友受到的导弹攻击。