华盛顿邮报：中国警告称将会以600亿美元关税回击美国商品（正文+评论上）） [美国媒体]

BEIJING — The Chinese government threatened Friday to dramaticallyescalate its economic standoff with President Trump, vowing to impose tariffson $60 billion in U.S. goods if the White House does not halt pendingpenalties on Chinese imports.

北京-在周五，中国与特朗普总统的对峙将会进一步升级-如果白宫不停止对中国商品的惩罚性做法，北京决意对美国商品征收600亿美元关税。

The Chinese Commerce Ministry said in a statement it could add duties of5, 10, 20 or 25 percent on 5,207 types of U.S. imports, while warning itcould adopt further countermeasures at any time.

中国商务部在一份声明中称将会对5207种美国进口商品以5%、10%、20%和25%不等进行关税征收并且警告保留采取任何进一步措施的可能。

Saying it was “forced to act,” Beijing cast the move as a response toTrump’s threat on Wednesday to raisea proposed tariff rate on $200 billion worth of Chinese goods from 10 percentto 25 percent.

声称“被迫采取措施”，北京以这种做法作为对周三特朗普威胁计划进一步对价值2000亿美元中国商品征收10-25%税率关税的回应。



“The Chinese had better notunderestimate the determination of President Trump to follow through and seekzero tariffs and nontariff barriers,” Kudlow said during an interview on FoxBusiness Network. The Chinese “are not in good economic shape.”

“中国最好不要低估特朗普总统（在对中贸易上）寻求零关税和无关税壁垒的意志。”拉里库德罗在福克斯商业新闻平道对其的采访中称。中国经济“情况并不好”。

TheU.S. economy is heavily reliant on importing more than $500 billion in goodseach year from China. Democrats and Republicans have complained that China’sability to sell goods in the United States at a lower cost than U.S. companieshas put thousands of American firms out of business, costing manufacturing jobsand hurting the U.S. economy.

美国经济依赖于每年价值五千亿美元的中国进口商品，而共和党和民主党一直以来抱怨中国能够以低廉成本出售商品以至于数以万计的美国公司从市场上被淘汰，从而失去大量制造业工作岗位并伤害美国经济。

The dynamic has proved difficult tochange, given U.S. consumers’ reliance on Chinese goods.

因为美国消费者的依赖性，这种现状被证明已经是积重难返。

Trump believes that the gulfbetween how much China exports to the United States and how much the UnitedStates exports to China reflects unfair trade practices, which he has vowed toaddress through penalties on imports and a range of other measures.

特朗普认为中国对美出口和美国对中进口之间的逆差鸿沟反应了不公平贸易行为，而这正是他致力于通过制裁和其他行为予以纠正的重点。

There are signs that his approachis not working the way he intended.

有些信号显示他的方法并不奏效。

The U.S. government reported Fridaythat the gap between how much the United States imports from China and how muchit exports reached a record level in the first six months of 2018.

周五美国政府出具的报告显示2018年1-6月中美贸易逆差达到新高。

Business groups have alleged thatthe trade threats lobbed by both countries are hurting consumers and businessesbut doing little to address the root causes of the imbalance, particularly asboth countries have halted formal discussions.

商业群体断言目前两国互相发起的贸易威胁伤害了消费者和自身商贸并没有解决不平衡贸易的根本性原因，尤其是在两国断绝了官方讨论渠道之后。

Friday’sthreat is the latest in a long list of actions and threats taken by bothcountries this year. Trump has imposed tariffs on Chinese steel and aluminumimports and $34 billion in goods, mostly industrial equipment. Chinaresponded with tariffs on $34 billion in U.S. goods, including a widerange of agricultural products.

周五的恐吓是年初以来两国采取的一揽子行为和恐吓中最新一笔。特朗普对大部分属于工业设备的中国产钢铝产品征收了340亿美元关税。而中国回应以对门类繁多的美国农产品征收340亿美元关税。

That led Trump to begin planningnew tariffs on $200 billion in additional Chinese goods, triggering China’s newplan to penalize imports on $60 billion in U.S. goods.

这导致特朗普计划对2000亿额外中国产品征收新的关税，而中国则计划对价值600亿美元的美国产品还以颜色。

The threats and counterthreats havestirred increasing unease from U.S. business and farm groups, which argue thatthey are the ones losing money and business based on all the new restrictions.To try to quell outrage from farmers, Trump last week announced $12 billion inemergency aid, including direct payments, for farmers who are expected to loseorders based on increased tariffs from China.

来来往往的恐吓与反恐吓让被关税制裁处于市场和利润双输局面的美国商业与农业群体愈发担心。为了平息农场主的愤怒，上周特朗普宣布对因关税而失去订单的农场主提供包括直接赔付在内的价值120亿美元的紧急援助

But this move did not satisfy manyRepublican lawmakers, who said it was unclear how the White House planned toultimately resolve its differences with Beijing.

但是这种做法并没有让对白宫如何彻底解决与北京的分歧存疑的美国共和党立法者满意。

And it is not clear whether normaldiplomatic channels are working, either. Friday’s new threat from Beijing camejust after Secretary of State Mike Pompeo met with Chinese Foreign MinisterWang Yi in Singapore. But White House officials said formal talks between thecountries have mostly lapsed as the economic restrictions have hardened.

而且目前正常的外交渠道是否通畅也同样是个疑问。北京周五的最新威胁恰逢国务卿麦克蓬佩奥与中方外长王毅在新加坡会面之后。白宫官员称两国间的正式对话大部分因为经济关系形势的愈发紧张而流产。

Lu Xiang, an expert on U.S.-China tradeat the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, said the tensions havereached a “critical moment.”

中国社会科学院的中美贸易专家Luxiang称两国间的紧张氛围已经到了关键关头。

“The trade war is a tactic byTrump, but if it eventually evolves into a strategic confrontation, the resultwill undoubtedly be disastrous,” he said.

“这次的贸易战是特朗普的策略，但是终究演变成了战略上的对撞，而结果则是毫无异议的灾难性的。”他说

Relations between the White Houseand China have soured in recent weeks after both sides had hoped thatnegotiations might settle differences.

在两方期待谈判解决分歧未果之后，中美关系在最近数周敌对意味愈加浓厚。



Parker added: “Enough is enough.It’s time to stop imposing nonconstitutive tariff action and resolve the veryreal issues.”

帕克补充“已经到了忍无可忍的境地，是时候停止征收非框架内关税行为和解决真正事务的时候了”

In an effort to soften relations,Trump directed Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross to ease restrictions on ZTECorp., a major Chinese telecommunications company that had been penalized forviolating U.S. sanctions against Iran and North Korea and then lying to U.S.investigators about its actions. But that move, made in June, appears to havedone little to help.

为了缓和紧张关系，特朗普指派商务卿威尔伯罗斯解决了对中兴的禁令-一家中国主要通信制造企业因违反美国对北朝鲜和伊朗的制裁并欺骗美方调查人员掩盖其行为。而决策于6月这一行为并未取得成效。

Last month, China blocked Americanchipmaker Qualcomm from buying Dutch firm NXP in a regulatory step that someWhite House officials had hoped would be lifted.

上周，中国在政策层面否决了白宫官员寄予希望的美国芯片制造商高通对荷兰公司NXP并购申请。


精华评论两则
3天前
Here is the thing that people do not seem to realize...
When tariffs are put in place, the people that are selling us the tariffedgoods (China, for example) do not pay the tariffs--the people buying the goodspay the tariff.

下面是许多人似乎没有意识到的：
当关税开始生效后，那些卖东西给我们的进口中间商（以中国为例）并不支付这部分关税，而是买了这些商品的人们支付了关税。

Tariffs may drive down demand for goods or for imported resources--but thisonly works if there is a source of untariffed or lower tariffed goods orresources to replace the tariffed items. If there isn't an economicalreplacement, then you are simply stuck with paying more. For many of theitems in question, there aren't economical replacements available.

关税会使进口商品的需求降低-但是前提是无关税商品或低关税商品可以取缔关税商品。如果经济上没有替代品，那么结果就是你不得不掏更多的钱。对于很多市面受影响的商品，并没有同价位的可替代品。

World trade patterns will shift (notice all the deals the Chinese are makingwith everyone but us)--there is a huge world market out there, waiting to berealized. The Chinese are engaged in getting ahead of us, at this point, inbuilding and controlling that market.

世界贸易的模式将会转移（注意中国与所有国家签订贸易协议，单单拉下我们）-而世界市场无比巨大，等着瞧吧。中国人正试图领导，从这个意义上讲，正在建立和控制世界市场。

The holders of capital will be largely unaffected by a lot of this, as willmost multi-nationals. Again, they will shift patterns and markets. Thismay actually accelerate the growth of the larger world market, lowering therelative economic power (and influence) of the US.

那些资金拥有者（意指金融资本）基本不会被贸易战影响到，因为他们基本都是跨国企业。然后，他们会转移经营模式和市场。这个事实上回加速世界市场整体的增长，一定程度削弱美国的经济力量（和影响力）。

The current situation exists because the holders of capital were on board withit--as were both political parties. All the capitalists care about is theirROI, they don't care where it comes from. It was actually to their benefit toglobalize things (and they had the political influence to make it happen). Thisis how the top 1% made a crap ton of money and none of it " trickle down."Well, it did trickle down, only not inside the US... and it was a small trickle.

导致目前的情形的原因（意指巨额贸易逆差）是金融资本、两党都支持这一行为。所有的资本家在意的都在意投资回报率，他们不在意钱从哪里来。事实上，全球化使他们获益（他们也有政治影响力实现这一点）。这也是为什么百分之一的人上人们赚了大把大把钱，手边却没流下一点给下面。好吧，也许有流下一点，但不在美国，而且也仅仅是极小一部分。

IOW, the trade situation that existed served the interest of the holders ofcapital--it didn't happen in spite of US efforts but because of USefforts--because corporate America (stockholders) benefited and goods got cheapinside the US.

换句话而言，现在的贸易情况服务于资金拥有者的意志，而不随美国的意志为转移，但美国股市从中受益，美国国内商品也变得便宜。
Tariffs, at this point, will not fix the situation.

关税，在这个意义上，将不会改变这个现状。

第二则

Seems the winnerwill be the EU, with their non committal to look into buying gas if the rightprice is made, because now they sit between to warring factions and can offergoods to a competitive price.

看来欧盟才是赢家，他们对赶着下注这点毫无兴趣，现在他们坐在贸易战双方中间做调解方，然后卖东西坐着数钱就行了。

普通评论超过一千字则…（顺延部分翻译）

Nicegoin’ Big Fella. Coming inflation will cause room rates to rise andprofits to go down.

干得好老大，后续的通货膨胀会让房产升值、盈利变薄。

"Good,make my day", the US should say and ramp up the tariffs on all Chineseimports. Since the US imports more Chinese goods than the other way, China willbe the bigger sufferer.

很好，高兴一天。美国应该继续加大对中国进口商品征收关税力度，美国进口中国商品比中国进口美国多了太多，中国最终会是那个受损最重的。

Highertaxes, government dictating how much of a product people can buy and where itshould be made. Sounds like socialism to me!

更高的税、政府独裁式决定一件商品人们该花多少钱，商品应该产自哪里，这对我而言完全就是社会主义！

It isnot just money. Mutual dependency creates the disruption of supply chains inboth countries. It takes time to re-establish new supply chains.

不光是钱的问题。相互依赖导致（贸易战背景下）两国供应链的中断，新的供应链则需要时间再次建立。

Back inmy flying days, the sort of piloting we're doing with the economy could readilylead to falling into a spin, resulting in what was called a "controlleddescent into terrain." "Control," is such cases, usualymeant a lot of wild flailing, not knowing what do to. Analyze allyou want (and some of the comments are spot-on), this is not going to work outwell for us. For the Chinese, probably not so much.

回想我过去飞行的日子，我们驾驭经济的方式就好像死亡盘旋，结局就是我们所常说的投向大地母亲怀抱。“控制”就是这么个事，通常意味着大风哗哗的，然后一脸懵逼。分析下所有你的诉求（这里有些评论说在点子上），我们后面的日子并不好过，对于中国人，也许没那么差。

A newbook, “China RX: Exposing the Risks of America’s Dependence on China forMedicine” by Rosemary Gibson and Janardan Prasad Singh, explains what led tothe U.S. dependence of Chinese drugmakers. It details how the Chinese regimehas overtaken, and in some cases, put out of business, many key drug industriesby undercutting competitors, stealing from competitors, and cutting corners.

一本新书：美国对中国药品的依赖大曝光（作者），解释了为何美国如此依赖中国制药公司。里面详尽的列出了中国政权如何赶上，有些案例中采取盗窃对手、利用后发优势将对手挤出市场的做法。

IfChina cut its supplies now, Gibson and Singh write, “Surgeries would becanceled, cancer treatments halted, kidney dialysis rationed. Infections wouldspread.” Global reliance on China for drug manufacturing is already becoming areality. It’s unclear just how many drugs in the United States come from China,since many drug companies choose to keep their sourcing under wraps or fail totake due diligence in identifying the sources of their ingredients. A shortlist of medications made in China and sold in the United States that theauthors traced includes medications to treat HIV, Alzheimer’s disease, bipolardisorder, schizophrenia, cancer, depression, epilepsy, and high blood pressure,among others.

如果中国停止供应，本书作者称“手术不得不取消，癌症治疗将会中止,肾脏移植匹配将会限量，感染将会扩散”全球对中国的药品依赖已经成为现实。目前不清楚全面究竟有多少药品来自中国，因为许多制造公司对其采购或者保密，或者就是根本懒于验证其药品来料。本书作者对一小组在美销售的中国产药品进行追踪，其中就发现包含了艾滋病、阿尔兹海默、抑郁狂躁型忧郁症、精神分裂、忧郁症、高血压的有关药物（仅是部分）

Even drugs not directly sourced from China often have Chinese chemicals astheir ingredients. The authors state, “China is the largest global supplier ofthe active ingredients and chemical building blocks needed to make manyprescription drugs, over-the-counter products, and vitamins.”

就算是并非采购自中国的药物依然很有可能有中国产的化学成分在其中。该书作者称：“中国是世界上最大的用以制造非处方药、处方药、维他命的相关营养、化学成分供应商”

My wifetakes Valsartin for BP control. Chinese-made, and just recalled becausetheir compounding contains cancer-causing chemicals. Big notice fromWalgreens. Frantic hunt for a safe replacement. I buy overseasmeds, but nothing anything with a Chinese threadline.

我老婆一直在服用家庭医生给的Valsartin（貌似是抗高血压），中国产的，因为其中含有致癌物质刚刚被召回。Walgreens贴出了大公告，正疯狂寻找替代品。我买国外药物，但带一个中国抬头的，我都绝不买。

Igoogled “are any light bulbs made in the US”. Here is the answer
“Foreign bulb manufacturers, and our federal government (DOE, EPA) haveeffectively ended the production of incandescent light bulbs, and flood lights,in the United States. Those bulbs are now being manufactured in China, Mexicoand other countries for import into this country.”
So light bulbs are going to cost more, what did that coat say? “I reallydon’t care, do U?”

我谷歌了美国产灯泡吗，这是答案
国外灯泡生产商，还有我们的联邦政府已经有效的将白炽灯、泛光灯灯泡在美国的生产画上了句号。这些灯泡都是进口而来，现在都产自中国、墨西哥和其他国家。所以灯泡更贵了，外套表示也有话要说。“我一点都不在意，你呢”



Workedreally well for post-War I Germany. Five hundred thousand marks for onestamp. Of course, the money printers worked full-time.

（回复楼上）一战时候的德国也是这么干的。一张票子五十万，当然，印钞机也是24小时运转了。（讽刺通货膨胀）

My god,what are these people doing? I really feel like I am living in theMatrix, or a Gnostic nightmare, with a few entities at the top attempting tocontrol and own everything, including our bodies. How is LarryKudlow, who has always been wrong about everything relating to the economy throughmultiple GOP presidential administrations, Trump's economic advisor? Howis the entire Trump economic team composed of people connected to billionairecapitol, with absolutely no clue about or empathy for 90% of us live our livesin this toxic hopeless system? How is it that our "government,"or what's left of it, does nothing about this horrifying situation except shrugits shoulders and pretend that billionaire corporate "people" aretheir constituents? How is it that there is no organized outrage, nomassive numbers of people in the streets, no saying "no" to thecorporate masters?

天哪，这些人到底在瞎搞啥，我真的感觉自己似乎生活在某个矩阵或者神秘世界的噩梦中，一小撮人试图控制和拥有所有东西包括我们的身体。为什么拉里库德罗一个在经济问题上一无所知的人能在多个执政期到处混日子，特朗普经济顾问？特朗普的经济团队充斥了对占了90%身为劳苦大众生活在水深火热的我们要么毫不关心，要么毫无概念的亿万富翁的代理人们。这怎么就是“我们的”政府了？不提这，就说政府面对如此恐惧的局面，就耸耸肩膀轻描淡写把 “人们”当成他们的笃信者？为什么现在没有组织性的愤怒表达、没有人在街头对这些大公司的统治者说不？

As onePaPo poster so eloquently put it: ‘
Trump is the Ebola of politics. Anyone who gets near him starts haemorrhaginglies from all the orifices in their bodies

引用一段Papo网友的话：
特朗普就是政治伊博拉病毒，谁挨着他就会全身所有的毛孔大出血。（谁挨着谁倒霉）

Weak?China? You have to be joking.

弱小？中国？你一定在开玩笑。

Isn'tanyone else tired of Trump placing demands on the top 1% of the money , nomatter who he hurts? Does Warren Buffett or Bill gates have a team to beatthis back on the a**hole running the place? Anyone can interpret Trumpspeak, anyone!

是不是每个人都已经厌烦了特朗布对1%阶层的各种诉求？不管他想针对谁？比尔盖茨和巴菲特能把这个SB赶下台自己来吗？有人能让他闭上嘴吗？任何人！

MostAmericans are absolutely ignorant about trade deficits and what Trump tariffsmay mean to their lifestyle and to American future well-being. Americans,including the Trump base, will have a lesson in learning about internationalrelations sooner than they expected. Trump has brought a teaching lesson,inadvertently of course, so his base can experience the effects of having anignorant president.

绝大多数美国人对贸易逆差和特朗普关税措施给美国人日常生活、美国未来带来的影响一无所知。全体美国人，包括特朗普的基本盘，很快就会在国际关系上被上上一课。特朗普带来了这堂课，当然，是无心的，所以他的基本盘可以好好感受下他们无知总统带来的影响。

China is on board to counter Trump tariffs and what is more important, tocounter Trump policies which are not in the sphere of tariffs. The largestChinese importer of oil and gas will not taken deliveries from America for twomonths. This is in contrast to deliveries in June which were normal. China isawaiting the outcome of tariffs and America may not ship anymore petroleumproducts to China. This is not the only way China can respond. They will utilizetheir Asian dominance to marshall markets outside of America. Americans willnot stop buying Chinese goods in any case. Already, we see that the tradedeficit for America is growing this quarter.

中国正枕戈待旦对抗特朗普的关税，更为重要的是，反击特朗普的政策并不仅限于关税领域。中国最大的油气进口商在未来两个月内都不会从美国进口了，而与6月相比还是正常的。中国正等待关税的后续影响，美国也今后再不能出口石油产品给中国了，这也不是中国唯一能够予以回应的手段。他们会利用在亚洲的市场统治地位把美国安排的明明白白，美国在任何情况下不可能停止购买美国产品，现在我们已经看到本季度的贸易逆差又有了增长。