解说中国历史系列：从妃子到中国女皇 - 武则天（一） [美国媒体]

How a Concubine became the Empress of China - Wu Zetian l HISTORY OF CHINA

解说中国历史系列：从妃子到中国女皇——武则天



Wu Zetian was the first and only Empress of China. Skillfully, she worked her way up, entering the imperial court of Emperor Tang Taizong as a concubine. After his death she would marry his son, Emperor Kaozong. Later she would ruthlessly dethrone two of her own sons and take power herself. During her very own Zhou dynasty she was known as a kind and fair ruler and made Buddhism state religion. Learn all about the Biography of one of the most popular and at the same time merciless women in Chinese history in today's episode of IT'S HISTORY.

武则天是中国第一个也是唯一的女皇。她娴熟的往上爬，以妃子身份进入唐太宗的皇宫。唐太宗死后，她将嫁给他的儿子，唐高宗。之后，她无情地罢黜了她两个儿子的皇位位，并亲自掌权。在她自己的周朝，她被认为是一个宽宏和公正的统治者，并让佛教成为国教。今天这一集“IT'S HISTORY”就来了解中国历史上最受欢迎之一同时又是最冷酷的女性的传记。

Rosé Chaeyoung
The end of Zhou dynasty wasn't the start of the Tang Dynasty. Tang existed before Zhou, it was reformed after Wu Zetian's death.

周朝的终结不是唐朝的开始。唐存在于周之前，在武则天死后进行了改革。

DerekTriForce
Zhou was before the Tank Dynasty. The later Zhou however was post Tang Dynasty during the five dynasties period.

周在唐朝之前。而后周则是五代时期的后唐。

Coco Gaming
Rosé Chaeyoung  no the zhou were before the tang

不对，周在唐之前。

Crystal Feng
There were two Zhou Dynasties

有两个周朝。

Kristin Glenn
To me she seems like a burtal but very competent leader. A lot off adepts have blood on their hand but not all are actually good at their job. Her china was at peace and rich, the people were feed( she set up many huge grain storages), women were treated better than ever before( they could ride horses, get a divorce, work for the government), she cared about about diplomacy and trade. What more could you want?

对我来说，她似乎是一个很残忍但很有能力的统治者。很多人手上都沾满了鲜血，但并不是所有的人都能胜任工作。她治下的中国和平富裕，人民生活富足(她建立了许多巨大的粮食仓库)，妇女得到了前所未有的待遇(她们可以骑马、离婚、为政府工作)，她关心外交和贸易。你还想怎么样?

theuglykwan
Well apparently some chinese men (and women) wanted a man on the throne!  How they must have regretted that when they experienced the decline under her successors!

很显然中国人想要皇座上的人是男人。当他们经历了她的继任者让帝国衰落后肯定会后悔的。

Chun Li
She was an awesome ruler. The male Emperors committed much, much worse crimes.

她是位了不起的统治者。男皇帝犯下了很多更严重的罪行。

cyborgcat
ok just because she was a woman and did some horrible things, and yes, the men did worse things, however that has nothing to do with gender. It has to do with the power they had. You can't just say that all men emporers as well did horrible things. 

好吧，因为她是个女人，做了一些可怕的事情，而且是的，男皇帝也做了糟糕的事情，但是这与性别无关，而是与他们拥有的权力有关。你不能因为这样就说所有的男皇帝都会做可怕的事情。

Bushangels
More importantly, she has set the foundation (economy, education, political system etc) for ancient China's golden age - Kaiyuan era.

更重要的是，她为中国古代的黄金时代——开元盛世奠定了基础(经济、教育、政治制度等)。

Hardy Mah
You're right!! She is actually better than most of the emperors.

你是对的! !她实际上比大多数皇帝做得都要好。

PungiFungi
cyborgcat, being a woman in a country that is very patriarchal is what makes her story so compelling and dramatic. The fact that she was a lowly concubine who climbed her way to the top makes for compelling story telling that painted her as both a villainess and a heroine at the same time. On some level, we may never know the entire truth but from the way the social system was set up, Cixi didn't get to where she was by playing nice.

在一个男权至上的国家里，作为一名女性，她的故事非常引人入胜且激动人心。她是一个地位低下的小妾，却爬上了顶端，这个故事描述了她既是一个反派，同时又是一个豪杰。在某种程度上，我们可能永远知道事情的全貌，但从她建立的社会制度来看，慈溪难以望其项背。

Elizabeth Rose
I think it's a little misleading to say she was the ONLY empress of China since each emperor had a wife who was called empress. She was in fact China's only female emperor. Also Wu is her surname not her first name

我觉得说她是中国唯一的empress【英语中empress有女皇和皇后两种意思】是有误导性的，因为每个皇帝都有一个被称为empress的妻子。事实上，她是中国唯一的女皇帝【female emperor】。
此外，武是她的姓，不是名。

Chun Li
It should be, "She was the only USEFUL and BADASS Empress of China."  The others were mostly useless. She basically climbed her way to the top using the exact same tactics the males did, and won.  Being an Emperor in ancient China... what a feat.

应该说成“她是中国唯一合格且残暴的Empress”。其他的都不合格。她基本上是用了与男皇帝相同的策略来爬上巅峰，并且成功了，这是一个壮举。

Elizabeth Rose
Yeah she was awesome. Shame that the "writers of history" decided to paint her as evil when the men were doing the same if not worse than she was.

是的她很了不起。遗憾的是，史官们把她描绘成一个邪恶的人，而这些男人的所作所为甚至比她还差。

Keizel Harf
Wu Zetian official title wasn't emperor or empress, but "huangdi (皇帝)" and this title was genderless. A difficulty in English translations from Chinese is that English translations tend to specify gender (as in the case of "emperor" versus "empress" or "prince" versus "princess"). Empress itself was divided into some categories: empress regnant (female monarch who reigns in her own right) and empress consort (wife of reigning emperor).
Huanghou (皇后): translated as empress consort. Wu became empress consort from 655 until 683.
Huangdi (皇帝): translated as Emperor (male) or empress regnant (female). Wu Zetian became empress regnant from 16 October 690 until 22 February 705.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Zetian

武则天的正式头衔不是emperor或者empress，而是皇帝，而皇帝这个头衔是没有性别之分的。从中文翻译成英文的一个难点是，英文中会明确性别（如“emperor”与“empress”或“王子”与“公主”）。 Empress这个词本身分为两层含义：女皇和皇后。

Huanghou (皇后): 翻译为empress consort。武在655到683年是皇后。
Huangdi (皇帝): 翻译成Emperor【专指男姓】或empress regnant，武则天从690年10月16日至705年2月22日在位。

Diego Alejandro Cabrera
Hafidh Wahyu clear explanation ! Thank you for sharing with other people !

哇，解释得很清楚！感谢与大家分享这些知识！

Mason Lee
Wu also sucks in comparison to her male counterparts. She's only given notice because of vagina.

和其他男皇帝相比武其实很差劲。她之所以让人注目不过是因为她是女人。

Kya Lucero
When you compare them, she was actually better than most of them. The fact that she was female IS a bigger achievement than that. You wouldn't know, though.

跟他们相比，实际上武则天做得比他们大多数都好。她以女子之身登顶更是一大伟业。虽然你不会了解这一点。

Guess Who
Liam Lee not really she's pretty good at ruling. There were alot of emperors that were much worse

不对，她很擅长统治。有很多皇帝做得更糟。

tarshil2020
Liam just closes his eyes whenever the world proves NOT to be what he really really wants it to be. weak men like to think women are weak. only way they feel better about themselves.

只要世界不是他们心中所想的那样，他们就会闭上眼睛。软弱的人就喜欢认为女人不中用，只有这样他们才会觉得好过一点。

domomo19
Empress is usually the title bestowed upon the queen of the Emperor as his one legitimate wife. I guess the only female Emperor of China would be more fitting . Anyway incredible indeed ! But not surprising for that time period as the Tang Dynasty was very progressive with social and gender rights that flourished as much as its prolific arts, cultural and political scene that defined ancient Tang. These are reasons why  the Tang Dynasty is highly regarded as the gem in the culturally rich and extensive historical world of ancient Chinese civilization.   For example, women's dress code were very explicit and deep cleavage-bearing clothing defined the ancient Tang style like the costumes in the series. Feet binding also did not exist in Tang (and would not have such a place in their liberal society), as it was a practice that emerged in later dynasties. Ironically it was more progressive than later dynasties, and even aspects of modern China as well as certain societies around the world...

Empress这个头衔通常是授予皇帝正妻的。我认为用“中国唯一的female Emperor”更合适。不管怎样她都让人难以置信。但这一时期并不令人惊讶，因为唐朝在社会和性别权利方面取得了很大进步，就和丰富的艺术、文化、政治一样繁荣。这就是唐朝在文化丰富、历史深厚的古代中国文明中被誉为瑰宝的原因。例如，女性的着装规范非常开放，敞胸风格的服装定义了古代唐朝风格，就像电视剧里的服装一样。缠足也不存在于唐朝(在这个自由社会中也不会有这种东西存在的空间)，后来的王朝才出现这种东西。具有讽刺意味的是，它比后来的朝代更进步，甚至比现代中国和世界上某些社会的某些方面更进步……

Katzenschaf
Haha, oh my god, I really hope you don't actually think we Germans call Angela Merkel "Mutti" because we honor her so much.
It more like a giant inside-joke xDDD

哈哈我的天，我真心希望你不要以为我们德国人是出于尊敬默克尔而把她叫“妈妈”。
这更多的是个梗。

Maggie Chao
Did anyone get a bit cringy the way he said her name? I always get cringy when a foriegner said a chinese name...

有没人觉得当他念武则天名字的方式有点尴尬？当一个外国人念中文名的时候我总是觉得尴尬。

dFruitzig a
+Maggie Chao i only learn mandarin for about one year or two and i still cringe on the way he pronounce it. ha-ha. it's ok that he's trying, though. perhaps there should be a chinese consultant in their team or something

我只学了一两年的普通话，但他发音的方式还是让我觉得尴尬，哈哈，不过他的努力还是可以的。也许他们的团队应该要请个中国顾问。

Daisy June
+Maggie Chao It's understandable though. Hear a native Chinese pronounce "William Shakespeare".

但这是可以理解的嘛。比如你可以听听一个土生土长的中国人念“威廉莎士比亚”。

Matt Herrmann
+Daisy June I just laughed out loud. Thanks for that image.

笑出声。感谢楼上的比喻。

Gerson Asper
+Maggie Chao I'm Portuguese and I also cringed. Being foreigner isn't an excuse... you should look for the right way to pronounce it, that's basic pinyin. I liked the video but clearly the guy didn't even try

我是葡萄牙人我也觉得尴尬。不能拿外国人来当借口…应该正确的发音，这些是基本的拼音。我喜欢这个视频，但很明显UP主都没试着正确发音。

Patrick
I find that it just sounds worse to pronounce Chinese names correctly in the middle of an English sentence, so I use the bad English pronunciation when speaking English. It just sounds more natural that way.

我发现，在英语句子中间把中文名念对听起来更糟糕，所以我在说英语时用了糟糕的英语发音，这听起来更自然。

Athina Angeles
I don't blame the guy, it's not easy for people to suddenly learn how to suddenly pronounce different languages when their tongues are used to a different movement or their language doesn't have a particular sound. And the Mandarin, Cantonese etc have tones that aren't obvious to people who aren't familiar to the language. 

我不会责怪UP主，当他们的舌头习惯了不同的运动，或者他们的语言里没有特定的语调时，突然之间发不同的音并不容易。而普通话、广东话等的音调对那些不熟悉这些语言的人并不明显。