5G网络这个关键技术的竞争，美国正在输给中国 [美国媒体]

America Is Losing the Race for This Key Technology to China

5G网络这个关键技术的竞争，美国正在输给中国



From US regulatory action and proposed legislation it has become clear that America is worried about China’s advances in fifth-generation wireless systems, or 5G, and new research shows they have good reason to be.

从美国的监管行动和立法提议上看，很明显中国的第五代无线通信系统或者说5G网络已经开始让美国担心，而最新的研究表明，美国的担心有充分的理由。

China holds a narrow lead over its competition in 5G readiness, according to telecoms research firm Analysys Mason. Their new study, released on Monday, found that China’s proactive government policies along with “industry momentum,” contributed to their current advantage.

根据电信研究公司Analysys Mason的数据，中国在筹备5G网络的竞争中拥有稍微领先的优势。Analysys Mason于星期一（4.16）新公布的研究结果表明，中国政府积极主动的政策和“行业态势”促成了他们目前的优势。

“When countries lose global leadership in a generation of wireless, jobs are shed and technology innovation gets exported overseas,” Recon Analytics founder Roger Entner was quoted by trade association CTIA as saying. “Conversely, leading the world in wireless brings significant economic benefits, as the US has seen with its 4G leadership. These are the serious stakes that face American policymakers in the escalating global race to 5G.”

美国无线通信和互联网协会CTIA引述了Recon Analytics市场研究公司创始人Roger Entner的话：“当一个国家在新一代无线技术中失去全球领导地位，那么工作岗位就会流失海外，创新技术也得从海外引进。相反，在无线领域引领世界所带来的巨大经济效益，正如美国在引领4G网络时所看到的那样。这些都是在全球5G网络愈发升级的竞赛中，美国决策者所面临的重大利益所在。

CTIA also played up the importance of findings, urging the policy makers in Washington to wake up to the importance of the technology.

CTIA还强调了这一研究结果的重要性，催促华盛顿的决策者要赶紧意识到这项技术的重要作用。

“The United States will not get a second chance to win the global 5G race,” Meredith Attwell Baker, CTIA President and CEO was quoted as saying. “I’m optimistic we will leapfrog China because key leaders in the Administration, on Capitol Hill, and at the FCC are focused on the reforms needed to win the race,” she added.

引用CTIA总裁兼首席执行官Meredith Attwell Baker的话说：“美国将不会有第二次赢得全球5G网络角逐的机会。”她还补充说道，“我们将超越中国，在这方面我持乐观态度，因为我们政府还有联邦通信委员会的主要领导人都重视进行赢得这场竞赛所需的改革。”

Despite her optimism, the report found that the US has fallen behind nearly all the potential early adopters in one area of preparedness.

尽管CTIA总裁表示乐观，但是CTIA的报告表明，在5G网络的筹备方面，美国已经落后于几乎所有潜在的5G网络早期采用者了。

“At the end of 2018, the US will rank sixth out of the 10 countries in mid-band (3–24GHz) spectrum availability, a critical band for 5G,” CTIA summarized from the report. “The US joins Russia and Canada as the only countries currently without announced plans to allocate mid-band spectrum on an exclusive basis to mobile by the end of 2020.”

CTIA从该报告中总结道：“到2018年年底，在10个有能力使用5G中频频谱（3–24GHz）的国家中，美国将排名第6，而5G中频对5G网络来说至关重要。美国、俄罗斯和加拿大是目前仅有的尚未宣布将在2020年底前将中频频谱专门分配到移动领域的国家。”

Meanwhile, “all major Chinese providers have committed to specific launch dates and the government has committed to at least 100 MHz of mid-band spectrum and 2,000 MHz of high-band spectrum for each wireless provider.”

与此同时，“中国所有的主要网络供应商都确定了发布5G网络的具体日期，政府也已经承诺每个无线供应商5G中频频谱的速度至少为100M，而5G高频频谱的速度至少为2000M。”

While falling behind in spectrum availability, the US ranked just behind South Korea in third place thanks to wireless provider investment in the area, with many firms committing to launch 5G service by the end of 2018. The study ranked Japan fourth in terms of preparedness.

虽然在频谱可用性方面落后，但由于无线供应商在该领域的投资，美国排名第三仅次于韩国，许多美国公司承诺在2018年底推出5G网络服务。该研究在5G网络筹备方面将日本列为第四。

While the American wireless industry plays catchup in the fast-paced and high-stakes race to lead in the area, Washington is trying to play defense. In addition to locking Chinese 5G leader Huawei out of the US, government agencies are also trying to form a united front with allies against Beijing.

在美国无线行业试图在快节奏高风险的竞赛中扭转颓势时，华盛顿（美国政府）在试图作出防御。除了将中国5G网络领导者华为隔离出美国之外，美国政府机构还试图与其盟友一道结成对抗中国的统一战线。

注释：除了隔离封锁华为，美国最近还封杀了中兴。美国商务部4月16日宣布，未来7年将禁止美国公司向中兴通讯销售零部件、商品、软件和技术。禁售理由是中兴违反了美国限制向伊朗出售美国技术的制裁条款。

Last February, during a visit from Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull to Washington, US intelligence agencies briefed the leader on Beijing’s cyber espionage, deemed among the “top two” risks on the allies’ security agenda.

去年二月份，在澳大利亚总理马尔科姆•特恩布尔访问美国期间，美国情报机构向领导人简要汇报了中国的网络间谍活动，这在美国及其盟国的安全议程中被认为是“两大”风险之一。

“When you control telco networks, you can control everything,” one intelligence official said, according to a person present at the briefing.

根据当时在汇报现场的人所说，一名情报官员称“当你控制了电信网络的时候，你就可以控制一切。”