当今日本人如何看待二战时期的日本？ [美国媒体]

Japanese people of reddit, how is WW2 Japan perceived by modern Japan?

当今日本人如何看待二战时期的日本？

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fucchy 
I'm Japanese. I grew up in the states, and visited Japan every 1-2 years. For the past 2 years I've been living in Tokyo because this would probably be the last chance I'll ever get to truly experience what it feels like to live in Japan.

我是日本人。我在美国长大，每一两年去一趟日本。最近2年里，我一直住在东京，因为这可能是我最后一次机会去真正体验住在日本是什么感觉了。

Most people I meet (30s-60s) are generally not too attached to the outcome of the war. Many of them admit that the government was getting too powerful and committing atrocities throughout Asia. Some people think the Japanese are brainwashed into thinking that the atrocities did not happen (history book issue, etc.), but in reality, most Japanese people I meet understand that we killed many innocent people for the wrong reasons. Some people do state that Japan was "pushed into the war" through geopolitical tactics (Yasukuni Shrine stuff), but that is disputed.

多数我遇到的人（30岁到60岁）一般都不太执着于战争的结局。他们中许多人都承认那时的政府变得过于强大，并且在亚洲犯下了暴行。有人说日本人认为暴行没有发生过（比如：历史教科书事件等）是被洗脑了，但是实际上，我认识的大多数日本人都有认识到因为错误的原因我们杀害了许多无辜的人。有些人则表示，日本是被地缘政治策略（靖国神社事件）“推入了战争”，但这是有争议的。

To be honest, no one really cares too much anymore. Post WW2, we experienced the benefits of capitalism and experienced a huge growth in the economy. Western culture seeped into Japan, through Hollywood movies and fashion, and nowadays Western countries are seen as cool/fashionable. The economic bubble finally popped and changed the culture quite a bit financially, but it's been so long that no one really thinks too much about WW2 anymore. On top of that, no one here speaks about political views/opinions very much. It's considered rude since you could potentially offend someone.

老实说，再也没有人真的很在乎二战了。二战后，我们经历了资本主义带来的好处，经历了经济的巨大增长。通过好莱坞电影和流行趋势，西方文化渗透到了日本，现在人们认为西方国家都很酷很时尚。经济泡沫最终出现，并且在经济上很大地改变了日本文化，但是战争已经过去太久了，以至于人们不再频繁地想起二战。再加上，这里没有人太多地谈论政治观点。这被认为是无礼的，因为你有可能冒犯到某个人。

My grandfather was actually hit by the atomic bomb in Nagasaki when he was a child. He told me that, on that day, he was going to play baseball with his buddies. He forgot his bat and glove, so he headed back home to get all his stuff. That's when the bomb went off. He was within 1km of the hypocenter. 

我爷爷在他小的时候就经历过长崎的原子弹打击。他告诉我，那天他要和他的伙伴们去打棒球。他忘了拿球棒和手套，所以他回家去拿所有的东西。就在这时，原子弹爆炸了。他在爆炸的1公里范围内。

Apparently, there was a sudden white flash, and he was thrown against the wall of his room. He screamed for his mom, who survived that blast. She crawled towards him and they embraced. He got out with a fractured skull and backbone (I think). Then they headed out of Nagasaki. 

好像是突然间出现了一道白色的闪光，然后他被冲击到了房间的墙上。他尖叫着喊他的母亲，他的母亲也在爆炸中幸存了下来。她向他爬过去，他们抱在一起。我爷爷头骨和脊椎骨折，然后和他妈妈离开了长崎。

I always try to get more stories out of him, but all he says is, "I don't really remember. I think we...uhhhh...ate grasshoppers?" He moved back to Nagasaki after a few months to his burnt down home, and his family had to start from scratch. Schools were deserted, and 3/4 of the kids he knew were dead. I don't know much else, but eventually, he got married, had 3 kids (including my dad), and my dad had me. Most of us were born in the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Hospital. 

我总是试图从他那里得到更多的故事，但他所说的都是：“我真的不记得了。我想，嗯。。。。。。我们那时吃的是蝗虫吧？”几个月后，他回到了长崎的家里，他的家人不得不从头开始。学校荒废掉了，他认识的孩子中有四分之三的人都死了。其它的我也不清楚，但是最后，他结婚了，有了3个孩子（包括我爸爸），我爸爸又有了我。我们大多数人都是在长崎原子弹医院出生的。

Surprisingly, my gramps has no beef with America. If anything, he loves American culture. Whenever I visited him as a kid, he was watching Star Trek or a Mariners game. He always wore a Mariners cap and tried to speak basic English because he thought it was cool. I had moved to the states when I was 3, and gramps thought it was super cool. My grandma would call me when I was younger and would ask me to recite the Pledge of Allegiance on voicemail so she could put it on a tape recorder. My parents said she was always listening to it on her deathbed. (She died of cancer when I was in kindergarten)

令人惊讶的是，我爷爷与美国之间并没有什么渊源。如果有的话，那就是他喜欢美国文化。无论我什么时候去看他，他都在看《星际迷航》或者西雅图水手队的棒球比赛。他总是戴着水手队的棒球帽，试图说简单的英语，因为他觉得这样很酷。我3岁的时候搬到了美国，我爷爷觉得这超级酷。我奶奶在我还小的时候会给我打电话，让我在语音信箱上给她留言朗诵美国的《效忠誓词》，这样她就可以把它放在录音机上听。我父母说她临终时还一直在听。（她在我读幼儿园时死于癌症）

注释：美国职业棒球强队有纽约洋基队（New YorkYankees）、波士顿红袜队（Boston RedSox） 和西雅图水手队（Seattle Mariners） 等。曾效力于西雅图水手队的铃木一郎在日本人心中地位很高，他是2001年美国棒球联盟新人王，这一年水手队拿下大联盟史上最多的116胜。2004年铃木一郎以破纪录最多的262支安打拿下安打王。

注释：美国《效忠誓词》 “I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands. One nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.”

我向美利坚合众国国旗及其所代表的共和国宣誓效忠，这一上帝庇护下的国度不可分割，民众享有自由和公正。

Sorry, that was a ton of information. But I hope it somehow answered the question.

不好意思，说了一大堆。但我希望有回答到这个问题。

elee0228 
There's a fascinating Quora post answering this question. Here's a snippet:
Instead of using the word “defeat”, “The End of War” is the title. The bomb and the Soviets broke the treaty of neutrality to invade Japan. With this sequences of sad news, the government held a meeting with the attendance of the Emperor. Opinions divided, but the prime minister obeyed the sacred decision of the emperor to accept the Potsdam Declaration. His Jewel Voice was broadcasted and the Japanese army put down the weapon and the war was ended.

有一个有趣的Quora帖子回答了这个问题。以下是回答片段：
我们并不用“失败”这个词，我们称之为“战争的结束”。原子弹的袭击和苏联对日本的入侵打破了中立条约。伴随着这一系列令人悲伤的消息，日本政府与天皇举行了一次会议。意见有分歧，但是首相服从天皇接受《波茨坦公告》的神圣决定。天皇的玉声被广播放送了出去，日军放下武器，战争结束。

注释：Jewel Voice Broadcast玉音放送，指广播二战时日本天皇宣读的《停战诏书》。由于日本天皇的声音首次向日本普通民众播出，所以天皇的声音就被敬称为“玉音”，“放送”是日语“广播”的意思，故称“玉音放送”。

And in another comment in the post:
The first thing a Japanese person would think of WW2 is not the damage that the Japanese military inflicted, but instead the sufferings and sacrifices the common citizens went through to support their troops, and the realization that they were living a lie when finding out that Japan was not as strong and invincible as they thought they were against the world.

这是另外一个帖子的回答：
日本人说到二战，首先会想到的不是日本军队让别人遭受到的伤害，而是日本普通民众为了支持他们的军队所经历的苦难和牺牲。（译者：让我想起了很多日本动漫电影，比如《萤火虫之墓》等等）还有就是他们意识到自己生活在一个谎言里，发现原来日本并不像他们所认为的那样强到宇宙无敌。

Kytescall  
Generally very negatively. It was an oppressive regime. Some of the other commenters are right that a lot of the focus is on how it affected Japan's own people, but to an extent that's inevitable. What you have the most experience of is how something affected you. Especially in the decades following the war, Japan swung all the way in the other direction and became ardently pacifist, and very much against the WW2 era regime.
I think it's less so in recent years as there is a steady rightward shift in politics. But even among right wings who are not ideologically against it, I get the impression that the WW2 regime is at least seen as kinda incompetent.

当今日本人如何看待二战时期的日本？答案通常是非常负面的。那是一个压迫政权。这里其它一些评论说的没错，确实很多日本人关注的是二战如何影响到日本本国的人民，但是在某种程度上这是不可避免的。让你有最强烈感受的是那些影响到你的事情啊。日本，特别是在二战后的几十年里，完全转变成了另一个方向，成为热心的和平主义者，并且极度反对二战时期的政权。
我认为到最近几年才不这样的，因为日本政治逐渐右倾。但即使是在思想意识上不反对战争的右翼分子，他们给我的感觉也是认为二战时期的政权至少是有点不称职的。

hairybrains 
I lived in Japan for many years, and worked in an adults only ESL school. This was a regular topic of conversation, and when I look back on all the discussions, I remain amazed at just how little your average Japanese person was taught (or knew) about Japan's role in WW2.

我在日本住了很多年，在一个以英语为第二语言的成人学校里工作。这个是谈话中经常提到的话题，当我回头看所有的讨论时，我一直处于惊讶中，因为对于日本在二战中扮演的角色，普通日本年轻人学到的或者知道的是如此之少。

One of my students asked me once if I felt ashamed about America dropping the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. We talked for a while about it, very openly, and I expressed to her that I felt that nations at war do terrible things as a matter of course, because war itself is a type of human insanity. She agreed, and then I asked her how she felt about Nanking. It quickly became apparent that she had never heard about it, so I described it to her. She scoffed at the idea, and went as far as to suggest that I must be mistaking something fictional for fact, and Japan had never done anything like I was describing. I suggested that she Google it, and the lesson ended.

我的一个学生曾经问我，我会不会为美国向广岛和长崎投掷原子弹感到羞愧。就此我们非常坦诚地聊了很久，我向她表示，处在战争中的国家认为做可怕的事情是理所当然的，因为战争本身就是一种人类的疯狂。她表示同意，然后我问她对南京（大屠杀）的感受。很明显，她从来就没有听说过，所以我向她描述了那个事件。她嘲笑我的想法，而且还说我肯定是把某些虚构的东西误当成事实了，日本从来没有做过任何像我描述那样的事情。我建议她谷歌搜一下，然后下课了。

The next lesson she came and told me that she had researched it as I suggested, and she humbly apologized for not believing me initially. She said that she felt ashamed of the things Japan had done, and I told her that I was ashamed of my country's war crimes as well.

第二节课她过来告诉我她已经按照我的建议搜索过了，她恭敬地为一开始不相信我而道歉。她说她为日本所做的事情感到羞愧，我跟她说我也为我们国家犯下的战争罪行感到羞愧。