quora网友:老实说,印度永远不可能成为发达国家,如果你问为什么,我可以告诉你为什么。因为印度有很多人不想要发展,也不让别人发展。印度老是说它的传统和文化,但在我看来这些是最糟糕的,特别是它以和平与繁荣的名义,让人们保持娑提(妇女在丈夫死后自焚殉夫以表示对丈夫的忠贞的作法)、送嫁妆、种姓制度、污染恒河等传统........
When will India be a developed country?
印度什么时候能成为发达国家?
答案一:
Anonymous
Answered Oct 10, 2017
To be honest, India can never be a developed country, if you ask why, i can tell you why..
Because India is full of people who don't want to grow and don't let others to grow..
India talk about it's heritage and culture, which in any sense to me is the worst one.. giving traditions like sati, dowrey, caste system, polluting ganga river and others by people in the name of peace and prosperity..
police, that is made to help people, work for the high profile officials rather than common people..
Govt. of India created CBI to tackle corruption, then created CVC(civil vigilance commission) to takle corruption in CBI, then tried to create lokpal to get free hands to tackle corrption in these 2 agencies and govt.
With a yearly fund expenditure which is more than gdp of most of the nation in the world, India is way past in time with its development…
Corruption in the government is gone to a very high level and in very depth.. Without free from corruption, rich will get richer, poor will get more poorer..
Countries like china or japan or singapore that gets independence almost together, India is the least developed of them all…
India dont even have proper roads or good railway infrastructure which was by the way in India for more than 150 years from now..
India define it's population to be 80% of literate i.e 80% of 1.3 billion.. which means almost more than 25 crore are still illiterate, which is a very very large number… and the criteria for literate is that , the person who can read or write his /her name is literate.. and it's almost 70 years that we got independence..
Talking about sex is a taboo in this country.. sex education is uncomfortable for people, but in the matter of population we know where India stands and soon to be on the no.1 position..
NGO created by people on the name of support is just to fill there own pockets… 20k out of 30k NGO’s banned in delhi only due to their financial misfunctioning issues..
People will fight each other over issues of mandir and masjid and will blindly support the party who take their side.. but unwilling to fight against non development works by govt..
People here love to burn RAVAN on dussehra but most of them are far more worse than him in this era..
老实说,印度永远不可能成为发达国家,如果你问为什么,我可以告诉你为什么。
因为印度有很多人不想要发展,也不让别人发展。
印度老是说它的传统和文化,但在我看来这些是最糟糕的,特别是它以和平与繁荣的名义,让人们保持娑提(妇女在丈夫死后自焚殉夫以表示对丈夫的忠贞的作法)、送嫁妆、种姓制度、污染恒河等传统。
警察的职责应该是帮助人民,但他们在为高级官员而不是普通人工作。
印度政府成立了印度中央调查局来解决腐败问题,然后成立了中央监察委员会来解决中央调查局的腐败问题,然后又试图出台《公民监察法》来解决这两个机构和政府的腐败问题。
印度每年的经费支出超过了世界上大多数国家的国内生产总值,在它在发展方面远远落后于其他国家。
政府中的腐败现象已经到了一个非常严重的程度。只要没有杜绝腐败,富人就会越来越富,穷人会越来越穷。
印度和中国、日本、新加坡等国家几乎是差不多时候独立的,但现在印度是其中最不发达的国家。
印度甚至没有不错的公路或良好的铁路基础设施,而这些设施在150多年前就已经出现在印度了。
按照印度自己的定义,印度人口中的识字率达到了80%。13亿人的80%,这意味着仍有2.5亿人是文盲,这是一个非常非常庞大的数字。可我们已经独立将近70年了。
在这个国家谈论性是一种禁忌。性教育对人们来说是不舒服的,但在人口问题上,我们知道印度的立场,而且它很快就会成为第一人口大国。
看看道路承包人的收入和道路状况;
看看煤炭总消费量、2G网络和英联邦的诈骗行为;
看看印度在全球腐败名单上的位置吧。
People will say every country have it's own issues.. well these are those people how are the most hipocrtic.. how long will you defend.. someday you have to agree, that this country is own a track of self destruction..
人们会说每个国家都有自己的问题。这些人是最冥顽不化的。你们要为它辩护多久?总有一天你会赞同,这个国家有着自我毁灭的迹象。
答案二:
Adesh, Systems Engineer at Infosys Limited
Updated Sep 22
To be frank, NEVER.
老实说,永远都不会。
Because :
India is a country where people are competing to become backward. The reason for the same is the reservation lollipop that the so-called backward section of society is getting from the Government for so long, that now they have become addicted to reservation to such an extent that they just want to be under reservation, no matter whether they really need it or not. Consequently, considering the superabundant facilities of reservation, the castes that are not getting it are also trying their best to become backward and come under reservation shelter. Reservation is one of the major causes of unemployment.
因为:印度是一个人们竞相落后的国家。原因同样也是预定制,那些所谓的社会落后部分在很长时间里都从政府那里占便宜,现在他们已经对这种预订制度上瘾了,到了他们只是想要预订下下来,而不管他们是否真的需要它的程度。因此,考虑到预定制的内容过于丰富,没有得到预定利益的种姓也在尽力向落后的方向发展,这样就可以得到预定制的庇护。预定制是造成失业的主要原因之一。
India is a country where NGOs are created by people just to fill their own pockets, around 20,000 NGOs get banned in Delhi in 2016 due to their financial malfunctioning.
FCRA licences of 20,000 NGOs cancelled - Times of India
99% NGOs are fraud, money-making devices: HC
政府组织因为财务问题而被禁。
《2万个非政府组织的外国投资管制牌照被吊销》——《印度时报》
99%的非政府组织是用来诈骗和赚钱的工具。
India is a country where corruption lies deeply in each and every branch of the system. Government schemes don't reach to common and needful people. For reference, just see the annual budget and comparitavely development of the country, see the amount of money govt gives for primary schools and the quality of mid-day meals that children get, see the poor infrastructure of government schools.
India is the Land of Hypocrites.
印度是一个腐败现象根深蒂固的国家。政府的计划无法惠及普通人和有需要的人。参考一下这个国家的年度预算和相对所取得的发展,看看政府给小学的拨款和孩子们的午餐的质量,看看政府学校糟糕的基础设施。
印度是一个伪善者的国度。
–Here people change their DPs on Independence Day and Republic Day, and forget their patriotism on the very next day.
–Here people comment on Facebook for change in society rather than changing themselves.
–Here people complaint about corruption but themselves give bribe.
–Here people want government only to clean Ganga and roads, but themselves keep polluting and littering.
–Here, people become self proclaimed economists when it comes to showing knowledge on the topics like fiscal deficit and demonetization, but themselves do tax evasion.
–Here, people fighting in the name of Geeta and Quran are the ones, who have never read them.
-这里的人们在独立日和共和国日更换他们的头像,但第二天就忘记了爱国主义。
-人们在脸书上发表评论是为了改变社会,而不是改变自己。
-这里的人抱怨腐败,而他们自己却也在行贿。
1) High growth scenario – If India grew at the rate of 9 % for a period of 20 years , then India’s per capita income will be 8200$ ( estimating population in 2036 to be around 158 crore ) .
2) Present growth scenario – If India continued its present trend of growing at the rate of 7.5% per year , for next 24 years , then its per capita income will be 8100 $ ( estimating population in 2040 to be around 162 crore ) .
After looking at above analysis , we can clearly understand that even though we can enjoy the fruits of growth of India from now itself , a developed India is at least 20 -25 years away from us.
1)高增长率——如果印度以9%的速度增长20年,那么印度的人均收入将达到8200美元(估计2036年的人口约为15.80亿)。
2)目前的增长率——如果印度继续保持目前7.5%的年增长率,未来只需要24年,人均收入就将达到8100美元(预计2040年人口将达到16.2亿左右)。
通过以上分析,我们可以清楚地认识到,即使我们可以从现在开始享受印度的发展成果,一个发达的印度离我们至少还有20年到25年的距离。
b) Those which are related to law or policy making and thinking or mentality :- like gender equality , communal harmony , progressiveness of society , quality of people’s representatives , accountability of judiciary , equality of opportunity etc.
These factors completely depend on efforts initiated by people and politicians .
If notable efforts are made and sincerity is shown , then most of the major negative elements of Indian culture , society , governance systems , judiciary etc. can be removed within a period of 15-20 years .
( It has been a common observation that economically developed countries where people are well educated and have access to knowledge of different point of views and opinions about important issues , have more transparent systems , more open culture , and absence of significant gender discrimination or communal violence .
Therefore they have relatively more developed societies , cultures and belief systems ) .
Few people may complain that 15-20 years is a very long time .
b)与法律或政策制定、思想或心态有关的领域:如男女平等、社会和谐、社会进步、人民代表的素质、司法问责制、机会均等问题等。
这些因素完全取决于人民和政治家的努力。
如果做出了大量的努力,显示出了诚意,那么印度文化、社会、治理体系、司法等方面的大部分主要负面因素都可以在15 年到20年内得以消除。
(这里有一个普遍的观察结果,在经济发达的国家,人们都受过良好教育,在重要议题上能够接触到不同的观点和意见,制度更加透明,文化更加开放,没有明显的性别歧视或公共暴力。因此,他们拥有相对发达的社会、文化和信仰体系)。
很少有人会抱怨15年到20年是一段很长的时间。
答案四:
Anonymous
Answered May 30, 2017
To be frank NEVER.
说实话,印度永远都不会成为发达国家。
I would not gonna be charitable towards India here hence i am anon for obvious reason.
我不会在这里对印度口下留情,所以基于显而易见的原因,我要匿名回答这个问题。
First let me make it clear that India would never gonna achieve the living standards like that of China.
China’s GDP is USD 11.4 trillion (2016; IMF). India’s GDP is USD 2.25 trillion (2016; IMF). These economies are in no way comparable. The Chinese economy is more than 5 times larger. China’s GDP per capita stands at USD 8,260 and that of India at USD 1,718. China’s population (1.37 billion) and the population of India (1.34 billion) are comparable — but China is five times richer on a per capita basis.
首先让我明确一点,印度永远不可能达到中国那样的生活水平。
中国的国内生产总值为11.4万亿美元(2016年国际货币基金组织提供的数据)。印度国内生产总值为2.25万亿美元(2016年国际货币基金组织提供的数据)。两者的经济体量根本无法相提并论。中国经济规模是美国的5倍多。中国的人均国内生产总值为8260美元,印度为1718美元。中国的人口(13.7亿)和印度的人口(13.4亿)相当,但中国的人均财富是印度的5倍。
Democracy
Many people refuse to see that democracy tends not to work in poor countries (it is debatable whether it worked in the West).
One could well say that by the time democracy was introduced in the West, particularly in its present form in which everyone has the right to vote, the West had already reached its intellectual peak.
The history of democracy’s achievements in the non-western world is particularly bad. Africa, the Middle East, South East Asia and most of South America are riddled with countries that embraced democracy and almost immediately took a turn for the worse. In fact, I cannot think of a single country in these regions that improved after adopting democracy. Nepal, East Timor, and PNG are vivid recent examples.
Non-western countries which have performed better in terms of economic growth and social indexes improved during time periods in which they were for all practical purposes not democratic. To name a few: Lee Kuan Yew’s Singapore, British and now Chinese Hong Kong, Park Chung-hee’s South Korea, Pinochet’s Chile, and Chiang’s Taiwan.
In India democracy never worked, but who need facts when emotions need to be satisfied? If Africa were a country, India would be worse off in terms of virtually every economic and social index on per capita basis. As a proportion of India’s population, the country’s people are among the world’s poorest, most diseased, wretched and malnourished.
It is often claimed that India has the largest English speaking population outside the western world. This was true in the past, but it is likely no longer true. China has brought in a large number of native speakers from Canada, the UK and the US to teach English to its students. It seems very likely that there are now more English speakers in China than there are in India – and they speak better English.
民主
许多人拒绝承认民主在贫穷国家往往是行不通的(它在西方是否行得通还存在争议)。
人们可以说,当民主被引入西方的时候,特别是以目前人人都有选举权的形式出现的时候,西方已经穷极了它的智慧。
民主在非西方世界取得成就的历史尤其糟糕。非洲、中东、东南亚和南美洲大部分地区充斥着拥护民主的国家,但这些国家几乎马上就开始走下坡路了。事实上,我想不出这些地区有哪个国家在实行民主制度后情况有所改善。尼泊尔、东帝汶和巴布亚新几内亚是最近几个生动的例子。
在经济增长和社会指数方面表现较好的非西方国家实际上都是在非民主时期都取得发展的。举几个例子:李光耀时期的新加坡、英国和现在中国治下的香港、朴正熙时期的韩国、皮诺切特时期的智利和蒋介石时期的台湾。
在印度,民主从未奏效过,但当情绪需要得到满足时,谁还需要事实呢?如果非洲是一个国家,从人均经济和社会指数来看,和它星币,印度的情况实际上会更糟。印度是世界上最贫穷、疾病最多、最悲惨和营养不良的国家之一。
人们经常声称,印度是西方世界以外说英语人数最多的国家。这在过去是正确的,但现在可能不再正确。中国从加拿大、英国和美国引进了大量以英语为母语的人来教学生英语。中国说英语的人似乎比印度人更多,而且他们的英语说得更好。
Population growth and demographics of India incl. projection
India certainly appears to be in an advantageous position in terms of demographics. While China’s society is aging and the number of young people is declining, more than 50% of Indians are below the age of 29. Alas, this is likely to turn into a liability, as the vast majority of them are unskilled and incapable of participating in the modern economy.
There is a net increase of 12 million Indians joining the workforce every year, but India continues to exhibit job-less growth. While their expectations are increasing — for they all watch American TV — they lack wealth-generating capabilities. As a result, crime is on the rise.
India’s institutions are often highlighted as the reason for the country’s superiority over China or other non-democratic systems. The reality is that in the last 70 years, Indians have systematically destroyed the institutions left by the British. Today’s judiciary, legislature and executive are not comparable.
Today none of these institutions are run for the benefit of the country’s citizens. They operate for the glorification of the State, in which citizens are mere cogs. These institutions have mutated on account of India’s underlying tribalism totalitarian tendencies.
Unless one is a criminal, one doesn’t visit a police station in India. The tyranny of the police, up to and including killing innocent people in fake encounters, has a long history. Court cases can drag on for decades. Regulations and laws are mere pieces of paper, with decisions sold to the largest bidder.
It is virtually impossible to get anything done in India without a bribe. Worse, people must grovel and humiliate themselves in front of public servants to get what is rightfully theirs.
Readers will do themselves a service by challenging themselves to find out whether democracy really has any connection with improved governance, stronger institutions of liberty, or faster economic growth.
印度的人口增长和人口统计(包括预测)
就人口统计而言,印度显然处于有利地位。中国社会正在老龄化,年轻人的数量也在下降,而印度29岁以下人口比例则超过了50%。但这很可能变成一种负担,因为他们中的绝大多数人缺乏技能,无法参与到现代经济当中。
每年有1200万印度人加入劳动大军,但印度的就业增长仍在放缓。虽然他们的期望值越来越高——因为他们都看美国电视节目——但他们缺乏创造财富的能力。结果,犯罪率上升了。
印度的制度经常被强调为该国优于中国或其他非民主国家的原因。事实是,在过去70年里,印度人系统性地摧毁了英国人留下的制度。今天的司法、立法和行政是不可与过去比拟的。
今天,这些机构都不是为了国家公民的利益而运行的。它们的运作是为了美化国家,而在这个国家里,公民只不过是齿轮而已。由于印度潜在的部落主义极权主义倾向,这些机构发生了突变。
除非一个人是罪犯,否则人们不会去印度的警察局。警察的暴行——甚至于滥杀无辜——是历史悠久的。法庭上案件可能会拖上几十年。法规和法律形同虚设,人们可以决定将它卖给出价最高的竞标者。
在印度,几乎不可能在没有贿赂的情况下完成任何事情。更糟糕的是,人们必须在公务员面前卑躬屈膝、丢人现眼,才能得到他们应得的东西。
读者们将挑战自己,看看民主是否真的与改善的治理、更强大的自由制度或更快的经济增长有任何联系。
India’s Problems Have Deep Roots
India is an extremely irrational, superstitious, and tribal country. The concept of reason is mainly conspicuous by its absence in much of India. India was long associated with Britain and has imported western institutions, ways of living, technology, etc., over the last 200-300 years, but has failed to import the concept of reason.
The same could be said for Africa, the Middle East, rest of South Asia and most of South America. But we will stick with India here. Without the concept of reason, people can have no understanding of the rule of law, of fairness, or simply of what is right or wrong.
They can only think in terms of might is right, street-smartness and political connections. Such a society cannot have any understanding of the principles of the ten commandments, or have respect for the individual and liberty.
Assimilating the concept of reason hasn’t happened in the last 200-300 years. In Europe it took about 2,000 years after it was discovered by roman philosophers. Could it take another millennium or more before India’s society will be able to assimilate the concept of reason?
In the last three decades, India’s economy has grown, but most of this growth can be attributed to significantly improved access to the western world and its technology through the new medium of internet and cheap telephony. The low-hanging fruit from this have been plucked and India is starting to show signs of stagnation.
While India grew economically, government grew at an even faster rate. People and corporations took on debt faster than they could repay it. They imported the lifestyle and a generous helping of consumerism from the West, mostly its entertainment aspects. Reason fell by the wayside.
All evidence indicates that Indians were actually disincentivized from developing critical thinking, creativity and reasoning skills. Why bother when one could become rich without them?
Indian manufacturing plants or offices, including those in the private sector are chaotic, wasteful and incapable of planning and following a system as a result. Labor costs appear cheap, but India’s chaos ensures low productivity.
Growth in Indian exports has turned negative in early 2015 – click to enlarge.
Members of India’s middle class have become remarkably arrogant, thinking that there must be something special about them that made them so much richer, but they were merely lucky beneficiaries of western technology. This arrogance has boosted nationalism, which is spreading like wildfire.
In a society lacking in rationality, nationalism is not perceived to be about human values but is a mere geographical, tribal concept. Hindutava (Hindu-nationalism) has been on the rise. The BJP, the party representing this ideology, has come to power two and half years ago, with Narendra Modi as the prime minister.
Under Modi’s reign, as the institutions which the british left continue to get destroyed, liberties are falling, taxes are going up without any improvements in public service, and the regulatory burden has increased significantly. The country is getting increasingly centralized as well, and brought under Modi’s command. He believes he has to do more of all these things to ensure India remains on a path to growth. This is a recipe for disaster.
On 8th November 2016, Modi announced a ban on banknotes affecting 86% of the monetary value of currency in circulation. This has been another example of his dictatorial policies, as the decision was not even discussed by his own cabinet. Even the central bank did not know about the ban until the very last moment.
Readers should reflect on the fact that Modi took a decision crippling the economy by robbing it of its life-blood, depriving people of the medium of exchange they needed for performing transactions, without worrying in the least about checks and balances.
印度的出口在2015年初已转为负增长
印度中产阶级变得非常傲慢,认为他们身上一定有什么特别的东西让他们变得如此富有,但他们只是西方技术的幸运受益者。这种傲慢助长了民族主义,民族主义正在迅速蔓延。
在一个缺乏理性的社会中,民族主义不是被认为是关乎人类价值的,而是纯粹的地理和部落概念。印度的民族主义一直在上升。代表这种意识形态的印度人民党在两年半前上台,纳伦德拉?莫迪担任了总理。
在莫迪的统治下,英国遗留下的机构继续遭到破坏,自由程度在下降,税收在上升,公共服务水平却没有任何改善,监管负担也在显着增加。这个国家也变得越来越中央集权,并由莫迪所领导。他认为,为了确保印度继续走在增长的道路上,他必须做更多这些事情。这是灾难的根源。
2016年11月8日,莫迪宣布的废钞令影响到了占流通货币价值86%的纸币。这是他独裁政策的另一个例子,因为他的内阁甚至都没有讨论过这个决定。甚至连中央银行都是到最后一刻才知道这项禁令。
读者们应该反思这样一个事实:莫迪做出了一个损害经济的决定,他夺走了经济的命脉,剥夺了人们进行交易所需的交换媒介,却丝毫不需要担心任何制衡力量。
From a social advocate perspective, a developed nation is one where there is very low level of poverty, high level of human development indicators. By these metrics, India would take 50 or more years to reach developed world standards.
从一个社会倡导者的角度来看,发达国家的贫困水平很低,人类发展指数很高。按照这些标准,印度需要50年甚至更长时间才能达到发达国家的标准。
From an investor's perspective, a developed nation is one that possess advanced level of economic structure (regulation, access to capital, currency stability, macroeconomic strength) and technology infrastructure (communication, transportation, etc). By this standard, India would be developed in about 2 decades.
从投资者的角度来看,发达国家是经济结构(监管、资本获取、货币稳定、宏观经济实力)和技术基础设施(通信、交通等)达到先进水平的国家。按照这个标准,印度将在大约20年后得达到发达国家的标准。
Fwiw, no big nation, apart from the perpetual outlier - USA, has managed to crack into the "developed world" circles. Brazil and Argentina showed some promise in the middle of 20th century, but didn't follow it up.
无论如何,没有一个大国——除了永远的局外人美国——曾经成功地打入到“发达国家”的圈子里。巴西和阿根廷在20世纪中叶表现出了一些希望,但它们没有跟进。
HOW INDIA CAN BE DEVELOPED—
1. BOYCOTT WESTERN CULTURE
Our Media shows “Western Culture is Cool”, not a single thing is cool about it.
Smoking, Drinking and Drugs— It causes cancer, liver problems and many more diseases
Eating Non Vegetarian Food— In Ayurveda, Vagbhata never says to consume meat. Anything we consume against Vagbhata book is wrong . Vagbhata is a popular saint 3500 yrs ago. He was first saint who wrote book on Ayurveda else Ayurveda was all Shruti. Non Veg Food including egg have no benifits to body.
Using Toothpaste— It can cause cancer and many oral diseases.
Pressure Cooker— It can also cause various deadly diseases. There are many desi alternatives, use that. See the video which explains why its harmful
Drinking water in steel glass or eating food in steel utensils— Its never been part of Indian Culture. Water must be drinked in Lota.
Drinking or eating while standing is also dangerous
Sugar is another dangerous chemical which has causes a lot of heart problem, dialysis, sugar problem.
If food touches plastic , it has become poison.
Food not eaten within 40 minutes of preparation is poison according to Ayurveda
Today Ghee we eat is also not fresh and is prepared in Steel Machines. Food should not be prepared with machines like Ghee is prepared. Food should be kept away from western machines. It should be prepared either in utensils made of clay at gas stove or desi style . This is how its prepared in Vedic style
Eating Food at Dinning table is also bad. Food should be eaten in Padmasana position
Getting up late in morning is against Indian Traditions
Eating Adulterated Food— All pesticides are imported from US and Europe. We love Western countries so much that we are even ready to eat poison, had we boycott western products , it would not have happened. All Hormonal injections given to cow are a result of westernisation.
Western Fashion—Its also proven that western clothing are harmful for body. Even manufacturing jeans is so harmful for earth, that several Indian village face scarcity of water. 1 jean take water which is used by entire village in a day which is more than 4500 Litre of water and such people call themself educated. Fashion has also increased current account deficit
Tea and Coffee— Again its a harmful product. Tea and coffee are mentioned no where in Ayurveda.
After boycott of above mentioned things there will be rise in Indian Agriculture, Sector, Textile Industry and many more sectors. Farmers & Weavers will become rich. Only harm will be of Foreign Companies and Doctors. Most of Doctors will be out of job, many hospitals will get closed.
印度如何能够成为发达国家:
1. 抵制西方文化
我们的媒体老是说“西方文化很酷”,但他们没有一件事是酷的。
吸烟、酗酒和吸毒——这会导致癌症、肝脏问题和更多的疾病;
吃非素食食品——在《阿育吠陀》中,瓦格哈塔从不说吃肉这件事。我们有违《阿育吠陀》去吃的任何东西都是错的。瓦格哈塔是3500年前着名的圣人。他是第一个写阿育吠陀的圣人。不吃包括鸡蛋在内的蔬菜对身体是没有好处的;
使用牙膏——它会导致癌症和许多口腔疾病;
答案七:
Keshav Srinivasan, My family hails from India
Updated Jun 2, 2018
It may not be able to exactly predict when India will grow to become a developed country.
By my definition, India would be a developed country if it met these parameters:
High GDP per capita above 15,000 USD per annum.
HDI that lies above 0.80.
Tertiary to quartenary level of industrialization.
Average life expectancy above 75 years for both sexes.
Going by those standards, it is hard to predict how India could develop to becoming a developed country. But there is quite a bit of work that the Indian government can undertake to reach those aforementioned parameters. The following are things, in no particular order, that the government of India could implement to spearhead the quest for development:
可能无法准确预测印度何时会成为发达国家。
根据我的定义,如果印度符合这些条件,它将成为一个发达国家:
人均国内生产总值高于15000美元。
人类发展指数高于0.80。
三分之一到四分之一的工业化水平。
男女平均预期寿命均在75岁以上。
按照这些标准,很难预测印度将如何发展成为一个发达国家。但是,印度政府可以承担相当多的工作来达到上述这些参数。以下是印度的政府可以带头寻求发展的领域,排名不分先后:
Developing the police force.
India has one of the lowest police to civilian ratios in the world and as a result, the level of policing in India is dismal in many areas. Modernizing the police force with better technology, higher pay and stricter enforcement could easily help develop the law and order situation and bring it under control.
发展警察力量
印度是世界上警察与平民比例最低的国家之一,因此,印度许多地区的警务水平令人感到沮丧。用更好的技术、更高的工资和更严格的执法使警察队伍现代化,很容易推动发展和控制法律和秩序。
Eliminating open defecation and open sewers.
Almost a third of India’s population defecates in the open and as a result, hundreds of thousands of Indians die annually from disease inadequate sanitation management facilities. India could fix this chronic social problem by setting up a systematic effort to eliminate all public sewers, set up comprehensive sewer networks and to slowly penalize public defecation.
消灭露天排便现象及污水渠
印度近三分之一的人口在露天排便,结果,每年有数十万印度人死于卫生管理设施不足所导致的疾病。印度可以通过系统性的努力来解决这个长期存在的社会问题,消除所有的公共下水道,建立全面的下水道网络,并慢慢开始惩罚公共排便的行为。
Developing a well connected water grid.
Millions of Indians face the daily ordeal of getting water borne illnesses and catching water from unclean sources. India could easily eliminate many health crises by empowering states to set up well connected and always on potable water connections that can improve the lives of millions and also the agricultural, service and industrial sector productivity.
发展通畅的供水网络
数以百万计的印度人每天都要忍受由水传播的疾病和从不干净的水源获取水的折磨。印度可以很容易地消除许多卫生危机,方法是授权各邦建立良好的供水网络,并始终保持饮用水的供给,从而改善数百万人的生活和农业、服务业、工业部门的生产力。
Setting up constant power grids.
Much of India still gets regular power cuts due to poor infrastructure and some areas still don’t get power whatsoever. For India’s industrial and service sector to build up, setting up 24/7 cheap and reliable power grids in each state would easily fix the power crisis.
建立持续供电的电网
由于基础设施落后,印度大部分地区仍会定期断电,一些地区仍然没有电力供应。对于印度的工业和服务业来说,在每个邦建立全天候的廉价而可靠的电网,将很容易解决电力危机。
Fixing the crushing regulations and bureacracy.
India’s massive regulatory bureaucracy simply breeds corruption and stifles any economic growth. Repealing many of the unneccessary regulations, especially those for small businesses, would massively improve the economic productivity of India.
处理破碎的规章制度和官僚作风
印度庞大的监管机构只会滋生腐败,扼杀任何经济增长。废除许多不必要的法规,尤其是针对小企业的法规,将大大提高印度的经济生产率。
Improve tax enforcement and lower personal and corporate income taxes.
India’s black money crisis and slowing economic growth is largely due to a highly complex tax code and lack of proper tax enforcement. Making all Indians pay taxes while providing strict penalties for non-compliance can easily generate much needed revenue for the government. In addition, lowering corporate taxes down to 15% can give much needed revenue back to corporations and businesses to expand outwards. Lowering personal income taxes can also bring the same effect and leave money in the hands of the people to spend as they need.
加强税收执法,降低个人和企业所得税
印度的黑钱危机和经济增长放缓在很大程度上是由于高度复杂的税法和缺乏适当的税收执行手段。让所有印度人都纳税,同时对不遵守规定的行为给予严厉惩罚,可以很容易地为政府带来它所亟需的收入。此外,将公司税降至15%可以为公司和企业向外扩张提供急需的收入。降低个人所得税也能带来同样的效果,把钱留在人们的手中,让他们按需消费。
Banning and stamping out all public sector and some private sector labor unions.
Labor strikes can bring the function of a city, district, state, country and even the world to a standstill and to prevent such incidents, ban and stamp out all public sector unions. Banning private sector unions in some industries such as transport is also a good way from preventing shocks to the productivity of Indians.
禁止和取缔所有公共部门和一些私营部门的工会组织
罢工可以让城市、地区、邦、国家乃至全世界的运转都陷入停顿,为了防止此类事件的发生,可以禁止和取缔所有公共部门的工会组织。在交通运输等一些行业,禁止私营部门的工会也是防止印度生产率受到冲击的好办法。
Making India a true secular republic
India may be secular by name but definitely not by practice. Direct government ownership and management of religious groups should be all but constitutionally banned and religious disputes must be dealt with in civil courts on a case by case basis. Open displays of religion such as processions and fireworks should be legal with security provisions, like religious disputes, made on a case by case basis.
让印度成为一个真正的世俗共和国
印度也许在名义上是世俗的,但这绝对不是事实。政府对宗教团体的直接所有权和管理几乎都应被宪法禁止,宗教纠纷必须在民事法庭上逐案处理。公开的宗教活动,例如游行和烟花 表演,应该是合法的,有安全保障,就像宗教纠纷一样,要根据具体情况进行。
Of course, there is a lot more that could be done in other areas to bring India’s status up to developed. But these aforementioned points are crucial to allowing India to reach such a status.
With that said, India could easily reach it’s dream of developed status in any time ranging from 25 to 40 years ahead if these points are followed with principle.
当然,为了提高印度的发展水平,在其他领域还有很多工作要做。但上述几点对于印度获得这一地位而言是至关重要的。
也就是说,如果遵循这些原则,印度可以在未来25年至40年内的任何时间里轻松实现其发达国家的梦想。
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