在被蒙古人征服之前，宋朝已经处于工业化的边缘了吗？（上） [美国媒体]

Was the Song dynasty on the verge of industrializing before it was conquered by the Mongols?

在被蒙古人征服之前，宋朝已经处于工业化的边缘了吗？（上）



Robin Daverman, world traveler
Updated Nov 8, 2015
The Song Dynasty (960 - 1279 AD) was on the verge of building a modern nation before it was conquered by the Mongols.
Politically the Emperor had become a figurehead. The Cabinet told the emperor that "the world belongs to our nation, to our ancestors, to the government, the people, the military. It does not belong to you." And the emperor had to say, "I would not dare to disagree with you." The Song dynasty had implemented universal education, public clinics, welfare, retirement homes, and burial rites for the poor. Private investors had formed investment clubs to sponsor overseas trades of things like paper, silk, porcelain, etc., things that only the Song had and nobody else had. The Song traders went all the way to southern Europe.

宋朝（公元960-1279年）在被蒙古人征服之前即将迈入现代国家。
政治上，皇帝变成一个名义领袖。内阁对皇帝说“世界属于我们国家，属于我们祖先，属于政府，属于人民，属于军队，而不属于你。”皇帝说“我不敢反驳你们的看法。”宋朝已经为穷人提供了全民教育，公共诊所，福利，退休房屋和葬礼。私人投资者已经形成投资俱乐部支持海外贸易，包括纸张，丝绸，瓷器等等这些只有宋朝才拥有的东西。宋朝的贸易者一路来到了南欧。



Keian Rao Eng Haau
Nov 5, 2015 • 20 upvotes including Robin Daverman
I'm literally going "Holy crap" at that coordinate map. It looks like something that came out of 1940. (Other than the inaccuracy of the coastline)

哇，那张地图真的太牛了。看起来像1940年制作的。就是海岸线有点不准确。

Robin Daverman
Nov 5, 2015 • 29 upvotes including Keian Rao Eng Haau
They realized that the coast line was inaccurate, and they couldn't figure out why. It was because the earth was round. Give it some more time, and they would have figured that out!

他们自己也意识到了海岸线不准确，但是他们无法明白其中缘由。因为地球是圆的。如果再给他们一些时间，他们会发现真相的！

Paul Denlinger, US_2016 = Germany_1933
Answered Nov 5, 2015
It depends on your definition of industrialization.
What made the Industrial Revolution possible in England in the first half of the 19th century was the steam engine and coal as an energy source. Song China did not have these.

这要看你怎么定义工业化了。英国在19世纪上半叶成功实现工业化是因为蒸汽引擎的出现和煤炭。而宋朝中国没有这些。



If you consider the definition of industrialization more broadly than that for the Industrial Revolution in the west, then Song China was far ahead in many areas, not only of the west, but the rest of the world.

如果你对工业化的定义大过西方的工业革命定义，那么宋朝在很多领域都遥遥领先，不仅领先西方，而是领先全世界。

Joseph Boyle
Nov 5, 2015 • 3 upvotes
I'd say mechanizing life and economy by harnessing energy sources other than human and animal power.

我认为工业化的定义是：通过使用能源资源而不是通过使用人力和动物力来驱动生活和经济。

Siddharth Pathak
Nov 5, 2015
Is there any place I can read more about the advertising business in the Song period?

我在哪里可以看到更多有关宋朝时期广告业务的内容啊？

Paul Denlinger
Nov 5, 2015 • 5 upvotes
There is not much documentation, but the Song poet Su Dongpo worked as an advertising copywriter.
There are also printed ads from the Song dynasty which have survived to modern times.
Here is some information: China's Age of Invention

文件记录很少，但是宋朝诗人苏东坡担任过广告文案。还有一些宋朝时期的印刷广告也留存到了今天。