外国网友讨论：为何中国厕所的味道如此糟糕？ [美国媒体]

Question：Why do toilets in China smell so bad?

为何中国厕所的味道如此糟糕？




Jared Turner, Hacking China
Written Sep 28, 2014
There are a lot of interesting answers here but I think they miss the #1 critical factor: NO CLEANING CHEMICALS
Next time you're at a public toilet, pay close attention to the Ayi who is there cleaning. You'll notice that she likely mops the floor a couple times per hour, wipes things down with a rag, and tries to keep the place tidy, but it still smells like a giant cesspool. Pay attention to the bucket she uses for the mop. It's nothing but water. No chemicals, no cleaners, no additives except the excrement gathered from the cesspool.
Basically, they're taking the urine and feces on the open surfaces, diluting it in water, and then wiping it all over the bathroom. It's like brushing your teeth without toothpaste while using dirty water.
I guarantee that if the janitorial staff was provided with proper cleaning chemicals and training on how to use them, the bathrooms would smell MUCH better, despite the lack of odor traps in the pluming and toilet paper in wastebaskets.
Not sure if you agree? Then just ask yourself when was the last time you ever saw hand soap in a public toilet...

这里有许多有趣的回答，但是我认为他们忽视了一个关键因素：没有洗涤化工产品。
下次你上公共场所的时候，注意哪些打扫清洁的阿姨们，你会注意到她每小时数次用拖把拖地，用抹布擦除污物，并试图保持清洁-但仍然闻起来像一个大臭水坑。你注意她涮拖把的桶，那里除了水没别的东西，没有化工制品，没有清洁剂，没有添加剂，只有收集了污秽的污水。
基本上，他们把散在表面的屎尿稀释在水里，然后擦拭整个厕所，就像你用脏水而不是牙膏来刷牙。
我保证如果向保洁人员提供适当的清洗剂并培训他们如何使用，厕所的味道将会更好，尽管他们缺乏装修及厕纸篓。
不知道你同意吗?那么问问自己你最后一次在公厕看到香皂是什么时候……

Amanda Tendler, I lived in China
Updated Sep 29, 2014
There are certain smells that are easily identifiable in different culture's bodily waste. India's public toilets have a particular smell. So do China's. So do the over sanitized public toilets of America.  
While diet has something to do with the type of smell, the major difference between the amount of smell comes from a few things.
First, in the west, we generally use LOTS of water in the bathroom and rid our waste into a closed system。
In other countries, the waste often ends up in a trough or in a pipe with a hole opening into the bathroom air. Minimal water pressure, if any, is used to dispose of waste.
The biggest issue that probably contributes more to the smell in nicer public bathrooms (in developing countries) is disposal of toilet paper and tissues into (often mesh or plastic basket style) garbage cans next to each toilet. Instead of the waste going down into the closed sewer system, it's just sitting out circulating into the air.
The final thing I can think of is the ambient temperature of the room. Most bathrooms in the U.S. are in air conditioned buildings. Even if there is a smell, it's not being magnified by the heat and the AC is pumping in fresh air.
I'd recommend that you ALWAYS sit as far away from the bathroom door as possible or prepare to lose your appetite.
There are six contributing factors. 
；Diet
；Lack of water to dispose of waste
；Lack of closed sewer system to contain smell
；Backsplash
；Open air trash cans with toilet paper and other hygiene products
；No AC

在不同的文化中身体排泄物的气味很容易辨别，印度的公共厕所有一种特殊的气味。中国也是如此。所以美国的公厕都会消毒。
因为饮食与气味的种类有关，这些味道闻起来的主要区别来自于几件事：
首先，在西方国家，我们的厕所通常在一个封闭的系统中用大量的水排去我们的污物。
在其他国家，污物经常会通过厕所的地漏或者管道散发味道，最低的水压，如果有的话，通常用来处理污物。
如果想要有助于改善气味，最大的问题在于发展中国家厕所边上有一个放置卫生纸的纸篓（通常是网状或塑料篮子风格），不同于将污物排入封闭的下水道系统，这只会让臭气散发到空气中。
最后我能想到的是室内温度的原因，美国大多数厕所都装有空调，即使有气味也不会因为温度扩散而且厕所在新鲜空气中放入了活性炭。
我建议你尽量坐的离厕所门远一点以免失去食欲。
这里有六个因素
；饮食
；缺乏污水处理
；缺乏封闭式排污系统减少味道
；后挡板
；露天的装着厕纸及卫生用品的垃圾桶
；没有活性炭

Tim Lamb, Not a China Expert
Written Apr 20, 2014
Two main reasons: 
1.Many of China's squat toilets do not use a plumber's elbow to minimize odors.
2.Many waste water treatment facilities are not able to break down toilet paper so many Chinese are accustom to simply throwing this in a small bin nearby the toilet.

两个主要原因：
1.许多中国的座便不用U型水管弯头减少气味
2.许多污水处理厂不能分解卫生纸所以很多中国人习惯把厕纸丢在厕所附近的小箱子里。

Jay Liu, I've been told I'm Chinese...
Written Dec 11, 2015
Is this really that hard to figure out?
China has a lot of poor, uneducated people, and not enough of them are cleaning toilets.  It's as simple as that.
As long as you're putting your junk in the right position and flushing, there should be no reason for a toilet to smell that bad.  The problem is that there's hundreds of millions of people in China who simply don't give enough of a shit to do those 2 basic things.  And again, like I said, not enough of them are cleaning toilets either.
And I disagree that fancy places have dirty toilets.  Almost all the fancy places I've been to in Shenzhen has been pretty darn clean and spotless, mainly cause poor people aren't allowed in.

这真的那么难搞清楚吗？中国有许多的穷人，没教养的人，没有足够的干净的厕所，就这么简单。
只要你把你的垃圾丢在正确的位置然后冲洗，厕所不会有任何原因会闻到味道。问题是，成千上万的中国人他妈的这两件基本的小事都不去做。再说了，就像我说的，他们也没有足够的干净的厕所。
而且我不认同昂贵的地方会有脏厕所，几乎我去过的深圳的所有地方都相当干净一尘不染，主要因为穷人并不允许进入那里。

Jon Sides, 2.0
Written Sep 27, 2014
An American engineer in Southern China explained it to me this way: Until recently, many Chinese toilets lacked a trap, which holds water in a low point between the toilet and sewer line. Earlier answers called this a "U joint." That's sort of correct. It's very similar to the P trap under kitchen sinks. According to Wikipedia Trap (plumbing), Thomas Crapper invented the U-trap in 1880.
Many modern hotels and homes have modern plumbing, so not all Chinese toilets smell bad. If you go to China and don't experience smelly toilets, you may not have reached real China.

一个在中国南方的美国工程师曾这样向我解释：直到最近，许多中国厕所缺少一种构造，就是让厕所及污水管道间有一个低点，这个答案被叫做“U型结构”这是正确的。它非常类似于厨房水槽的P型结构，根据维基百科的管道词条，托马斯·克拉普在1880年发明了虹吸管。
许多现代的酒店和家庭已经有了现代化的水管道。不是所有中国厕所都闻起来糟糕。如果你去中国没有体验过发臭的厕所，你也许没有到达真正的中国。

Leung Kwan Pang, 23 years in Nanjing, 12 years in HK
Updated May 2, 2014
There are a lot simple, nice toilets around the world without sophisticated pluming system, I guess the reasons some in china couldn't live up to that standard are:
1. Many toilets are visited by a large number of people, compares to very little man hour spent on cleaning and maintenance.
2. If the owner is conscious about the condition of the toilet, they usually use a lot of water to wash the floor (in my experience it happens mainly in south china and restaurants). This most of times makes things worse, and contributes to the smell.
3. Nobody uses the smell remover.
4. As others pointed out, locals are used to it, so they don't feel particular needs to improve the condition. Most of the toilet in the homes of the rural area or small towns are still very primitive, or they just started to use the modern facilities, so they haven't built up a habit to maintain a high standard of toilet hygiene and cleanliness. 
But things are indeed changing. In the last 3 years of traveling in Guangdong province, I found the condition of restaurant toilet improved much. Not to mention the ones in big cities.

世界上有许多没有精巧装饰系统的简单好用的厕所，我猜中国无法达到这些标准的原因如下：
1.许多厕所被大量的人使用，相比而言，很少的人花时间去清理和维护
2.如果业主发现了厕所的状况，他们通常用大量的水冲洗地板（据我的经验主要发生在中国南部和餐馆中），经常这样的话会让气味闻起来更糟。
3.没有人使用除味剂
4.当别人指出来的时候，当地人一直都这么做，所以他们不觉得有什么特别需要改进的地方，大多数农村和小城镇的厕所依然非常原始，或者他们才开始使用现代设施，所以他们没有建立一个保持高标准厕所清洁卫生的习惯
但事情确实是在改变的，三年前我去广东旅行，我发现餐厅卫生间的条件改善了。更不用说那些在大城市里。