雅加达省长在指控他亵渎神明的案件审判中当场痛哭 [美国媒体]

Indonesia blasphemy case: Emotional scenes as Ahok trial begins

印度尼西亚亵渎神明案件：对钟万学的审判以情绪激动的场面开场



Photo：The trial is being shown on national television

图片：审判正在国家电视台直播

There were emotional scenes in court on the first day of the blasphemy trial of Jakarta's governor, a Christian of Chinese descent.

对雅加达省（雅京省）省长 -- 一位华裔基督徒，亵渎神明案件审判的第一天，法庭上出现了情绪激动的场面。

Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, known as Ahok, cried as he denied allegations he insulted Islam.

Basuki Tjahaja Purnama（钟万学），常被人称为Ahok（阿学），痛哭流涕地否认了关于自己侮辱伊斯兰教的指控。

Mr Purnama is the first non-Muslim governor of Indonesia's capital in 50 years.

钟先生是印度尼西亚首都50年来第一位非穆斯林省长。

The case is being seen as a test of religious tolerance in the world's largest Muslim-majority nation.

这个案件被视为检验这个世界上最大的穆斯林占多数国家的宗教宽容度的试金石。

The prosecution said Mr Purnama insulted Islam by misusing a Koranic verse which suggests Muslims should not be ruled by non-Muslims, to boost public support ahead of February's governorship election.

检方认为钟先生为了在二月份省长选举前增加选民支持度，曲解了《古兰经》中的一段教义，侮辱了伊斯兰教，这段教义意思是穆斯林不应该被非穆斯林统治。

He insisted his comments were aimed at politicians "incorrectly" using a Koranic verse against him, not at the verse itself.

钟万学坚持声称，自己此前的言论是指政敌“错误地”运用古兰经教义攻讦他，而不是说古兰经教义本身是“错误的”。

If convicted, he faces a maximum five-year jail sentence. After the short hearing, the trial was adjourned until 20 December.

一旦被定罪，他将面临最高五年的刑期。在经过简短的庭审之后，案件的审理延期至12月20号。

Rights groups say the authorities have set a dangerous precedent in which a noisy hardline Islamic minority can influence the legal process, says the BBC's Rebecca Henschke in Jakarta.

人权组织称当局开了一个危险的先例，放纵少数的伊斯兰强硬分子利用叫嚣鼓噪就可以影响正常的法律程序。BBC电视台记者Rebecca Henschke雅加达报道。

At the scene: Rebecca Henschke, BBC Indonesian

现场直击：BBC驻印度尼西亚记者 Rebecca Henschke 报道



Photo：Opponents of the governor, and a smaller group of supporters, made their feelings heard

图片：省长的反对者，和省长的一小部分支持者，表达自己的态度

In the streets outside court, hundreds of demonstrators, mostly men, gathered to protest. "Jail Governor Ahok now," they chanted. They punched their fists in the air and shouted: "We must defend Islam from those who insult the holy book."

在法庭外的街道上，有数百人示威人群，大部分是男性，聚集在一起抗议。“立刻将省长阿学关进监狱”，他们反复地叫喊，挥动拳头举向空中并高呼道：“我们必须捍卫伊斯兰教，阻止那些侮辱圣典的人们。”

It was a much smaller crowd than the huge demonstrations in Jakarta in recent weeks, but the anger remained the same. From a lorry, Islamic hard-line leaders made provocative speeches calling the governor a pig, and the crowd laughed when they mocked his Chinese appearance. One speaker turned to police officers standing guard and warned them that if Governor Ahok were not jailed, they would take matters into their own hands.

这次示威人群比几周前雅加达大规模示威人群要少得多，但是愤怒却丝毫不减。站在一辆卡车上，伊斯兰强硬路线的领导者们发表极具煽动性的演讲，称省长是一头猪，当演讲者嘲笑钟万学的华裔长相的时候，人群中爆发出一阵哄笑。一位演讲者朝着负责警戒的警方叫喊，警告如果省长阿学最终没有被关进监狱，那他们就自己动手。

A smaller group of Ahok supporters were also there, dressed in his signature colourful shirts. Dertha Djawa Digigy, a Christian from eastern Indonesia, said she saw the trial as an attack against all Christians and believed the country's founding principles of unity and diversity were being tested.

同时还有一小部分阿学的支持者团体也在现场，穿着阿学的标志性花衬衫。Dertha Djawa Digigy，一位来自东印度尼西亚的基督徒称，她把这次审判看作是一场针对所有基督徒的攻击，并且认为这个国家的立国原则 -- 团结和多样化，正在经受严峻的考验。

Who is 'Ahok'?

谁是“阿学”？

A businessman who became Jakarta's deputy governor, Mr Purnama was made governor when his predecessor Joko Widodo became president in 2014.

钟先生之前是一位商人，后来成为雅加达的副省长，并在他的前任佐科•维多多于2014年当选总统之后成为了省长。

At the time, the hardline Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) said it did not want him to succeed Mr Widodo, arguing a Christian should not govern a Muslim-majority city. They have played a major role in the latest protests against the governor.

与此同时，持强硬路线的伊斯兰守卫者阵线（FPI）称他们不愿意让钟万学继任佐科，质疑一位基督徒不应该掌控一个穆斯林占多数的城市，他们在近期反对省长的游行示威中扮演主要的角色。

Seen as politically independent, he was popular for his tough stance against corruption, and for improving poor public transport and other public services.

阿学被视为一位独立政治家，他因反对腐败的坚定立场，改善低下的公共交通和其它公共服务，而广受欢迎。

What are the allegations?

阿学因何被指控？

During campaigning in September, Mr Purnama made a speech where he said Islamic groups using a Koranic verse against him were deceiving voters.

在九月份的一场竞选活动当中，钟先生发表了一篇演讲，其中他讲道，伊斯兰团体利用《古兰经》教义攻讦他，是在欺骗选民。

The verse is interpreted by some as prohibiting Muslims from living under the leadership of a non-Muslim.

这段《古兰经》教义被某些人解释为，穆斯林禁止生活在非穆斯林的领导之下。

Islamic groups said he had criticised the Koran and complained to police, who began an investigation. Mr Purnama has repeatedly apologised but denied blasphemy.

伊斯兰团体称钟万学这是在批评《古兰经》，并且向警方报案，警方随后展开调查。钟先生已经多次反复道歉，但是坚称自己不是要亵渎神明。

His supporters say a widely-circulated video of the event had been edited and subtitled to make it appear he was criticising the verse, rather than those invoking it.

钟万学的支持者称这个事件中广泛传播的视频是被剪辑过并被配以字幕，用来造成他批评教义的假象，而没有直接展示真正的视频。



In November, about 100,000 Islamists demanded Mr Purnama's arrest in a protest that turned violent

11月份，大约10万伊斯兰教徒抗议示威，要求逮捕钟先生，抗议趋向暴力。

What is the significance of a blasphemy charge?

此次亵渎神明的控告的意义在哪儿？

Although Indonesia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, the country only recognises six religions and has tough penalties for blasphemy against any of them.

尽管印度尼西亚宪法保证宗教自由，但是这个国家只承认6种宗教，并且对亵渎宗教处以严厉的刑罚。

But observers say the laws are sometimes used against religious minorities.

而且观察者认为这项法律有时候被用来打压少数派宗教。

Atheists too have been prosecuted, with one man sentenced to two-and-a-half years in jail in 2012 for saying on Facebook that God does not exist.

无神论者也曾经被起诉，2012年一位男子被判以两年半有期徒刑，只因在Facebook上称神是不存在的。

Is there more to it?

这个案子还有更深层次的意义吗？

President Widodo has blamed "political actors" for taking advantage of the furore.

总统佐科谴责某些政治人物在利用这次公众骚动。

The case has benefitted Mr Purnama's rivals in the election race where he was previously seen as the frontrunner.

这个案件有利于钟先生的政治对手的选情，此前钟先生被认为在选举中领先对手。

Some observers say the case shows that Indonesia, historically a moderate Muslim nation, is becoming more radical.

一些观察者认为这个案件表明，印度尼西亚 -- 历史上曾经是一个温和的穆斯林国家，正在变得越来越激进。

However, Indonesia's largest Islamic group, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), told its members not to take part in the anti-Ahok rallies.

不过，印度尼西亚最大的伊斯兰团体，Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)，告诉自己的成员不要参加“反对阿学”的集会。



Mr Purnama (right) became governor when his predecessor Joko Widodo (left) was elected president

钟先生（右）在他的前任佐科•维多多（左）当选总统之后成为省长。

In 1998, a wave of anti-Chinese sentiment led to mobs looting and burning Chinese-owned shops and houses, leaving more than 1,000 people dead.

1998年，一波反华浪潮导致暴徒洗劫和焚烧华人商店和房屋，造成1000多人死亡的惨剧。

Christians represent less than 10% of the country's 250 million people, and ethnic Chinese about 1%.

基督徒占这个国家2亿5千万人口中的不到10%，华裔就更少了，只占1%。