美国可以向中国学习什么？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



What can Americans learn from China?

美国可以向中国学习什么？


-------------译者：统而言之-审核者：可见光122------------

Dan Holliday lives in The United States of America
Written Jul 23 2013
Originally Answered: What should Americans learn from China?
I really can only think of one thing.  Before I say that thing let me be clear that there are TONS of amazing things about China that makes China great.  But those are Chinese things.  Just because the collection of those things "work" for China doesn't mean that the USA needs to dispense with the things that work with us and become someone else.  

问题应该这么问：美国人应该向中国学习些什么？
我真的只能想到一件事。在我说这件事之前，很明显，中国确实有很多很多令人叹为观止的事情让今天的中国变得强大。但那些都是中国特色的东西。不能因为中国的这些优点发挥了作用就说美国需要放弃我们自己的东西，跟着别人，变成别人的样子。

Because many of the things that so many people dislike about the USA come with a positive side.  The uber-fascination and obsession with "making it" with "becoming something great" and materialism and all that other nonsense . . . well it's bequeathed the USA with a very upwardly-mobile attitude and a really great passion for entrepreneurialism and invention.  This doesn't mean that OTHER nations don't have that same stuff it's just that the exact combination thereof is one of the things that makes the USA a great nation.  So I'm happy with the "yin-and-yang" of who we are:  good and bad.  

由于很多原因，很多人不喜欢美国积极正面的样子。美国超级着迷“制造”、“让某样东西便更好”、拜金主义等等等等。然而，美国遗传了非常积极活跃的态度和对创业创新的巨大激情。这不是说其他民族没有同样的东西，恰恰是因为这种兼容并蓄，让美国变成一个伟大的国家。因此，我也高兴看到中国的“阴阳”告诉我们我们是谁：好的和坏的。

But there is a thing that China does really well and I think the USA should take note:  public primary and secondary education.  If we could learn to inspire and compel our students to engage and learn the way China does we'd leapfrog very quickly into a far better place than we currently are.

但是，有件事中国确实做得非常好，我认为美国应该借鉴：公共基础和中学教育。如果我们学着启发和强制我们的学生采用中国的方法学习，我们一定会有个飞跃式进步，让我们站到更好的世界舞台上。

-------------译者：卡思-审核者：BXHin1995------------

Rob Burton 4 years living and working in China
Written Jan 5 2016

Rob Burton 在中国生活和工作4年
写于2016年1月5日

The lesson to be learnt from China and the Chinese people is eating healthy. The stereotype of Americans is that they are obese and overweight due to poor diet and eating habits. It is unusual to see a fat Chinese person and yet they eat well and have delicious dishes.

从中国和中国人那学到的是健康饮食。由于饮食和饮食习惯不佳，美国人给人的典型印象是他们肥胖和超重。比较难看到一个胖的中国人，但他们吃得很好，享受美味的菜肴。

The most interesting thing to notice about how the Chinese eat is when one goes out to dinner. A lot of food is ordered. The table almost groans under the number of dishes put on the revolving part of the table. A lot is eaten (and a lot is wasted) but the point is there is very little carbohydrate on the table. People think the staple of Chinese cuisine is rice. But at the dinner table rice is the last thing to come out - if it comes out at all. Rice is only called for if you are still hungry.

注意中国人吃什么，最有趣的一件事是外出吃晚饭。很多食物被订好。放在桌子旋转部的菜肴数量几乎让桌子呻吟起来。很多被吃掉（还有很多被浪费掉），但重点是桌子上很少有碳水化合物。人们认为中国菜的主食是大米。但在饭桌上米饭是最后端出来的 - 如果它真的出来的话。只有当你还饿时才会叫米饭。

-------------译者：卡思-审核者：BXHin1995------------

So the meal consists of protein - fish or meat (including offal) tofu products and vegetables. Very little is fried. The dishes are picked at with chopsticks - so its not like you have a full plate in front of you and a formal dinner might last a few hours. Having a 'clean plate' at the end of the meal is not a justifiable claim here.

膳食由蛋白质组成 - 鱼或肉（包括内脏），豆腐产品和蔬菜。很少是油炸的。菜肴用筷子挑 - 所以它不像你那在你面前有一个满盘。正式的晚餐可能会持续几个小时。在餐结束时留下一个“光盘”在这里不是一个合理的做法。

On a normal day the menu might be something like:

正常的一天，菜单可能是这样的：

Rice porridge for breakfast.

早餐米粥。

Noodles with meat in soup or Meat and vegetables with rice for lunch

午餐，面条带汤肉，或者米饭加肉和菜

Soup or noodles with meat and vegetables for dinner.

晚餐，汤或面条伴肉和菜。

Fruit is a big part of the Chinese diet too.

水果也是中国饮食的重要组成部分。

They drink a lot of plain hot water too eschewing fizzy sodas. coffee black tea and other popular types of drinks

他们喝很多白开水，常常回避碳酸饮料，咖啡红茶等流行的一类饮料

Western food such as KFC Pizza Hut Crisps (chips) Sugary snacks Milk chocolate and so on are impacting on the health of the Chinese in the sorts of negative ways we see in the West

西餐如肯德基必胜客乐事（薯片）含糖小吃牛奶巧克力等会影响中国人的健康，好比这些食物对西方人产生的消极影响。

-------------译者：Whisker-审核者：白色的黑猫------------

Tyler Bourne Traveled extensively in China for work married to a Chinese national

泰勒伯恩因工作游历了整个中国，他娶了一位中国公民。

Written Jan 5 2016

写于2016年1月5日

To open his mind to new tastes and ideas. 

启发了他的新的想法和品味。

I basically tell everyone who asks me about it that when they go they will find that everything they thought they knew was wrong.  I can explain it all day but until they see it taste it smell it they just won't get it.

我基本上会告诉每一位问过我这个问题的人--当他们真正深入体会的时候将发现，他们自认为知道的东西都是错的。就算我花费一整天去跟他们解释，他们也不会明白，直到他们去深入体会。

The food. (Ill start here because  I'm a foodie). We've been eating Chinese food all our lives right?. WRONG!!!. China has about 8 major regional cuisines each as different from the next as Italian is from German.  They all have something good to offer though my faves are Human and Sichuan.  Hen la..

美食（我将先从这个方面说，因为我是个吃货）。我们这辈子一直都在吃中餐对吧？大错特错。中餐约有八大菜系。每个菜系之间的差别就如同意大利菜到德国菜一样大。这些菜系各有亮点不过我最喜欢的还是湘菜与川菜（很辣）。

The diversity.  They all look alike right?. WRONG AGAIN!!! China is so full of diversity.  People of all different ethnicities speaking different languages and looking quite different from each other.  Think northern girls with long perfect legs Southern girls so petite w great lips.. No really each region has a very different looking populace though in any big city you will meet all different sorts of people. 

至于多样性，中国人看起来都一个样对吧？又错啦！中国是如此的包罗万象。不同民族的人讲着不同的语言，外貌也千差万别。北方的女孩有修长的美腿，而南方的女孩却是有着美唇的小家碧玉。尽管在大城市中你能遇到各种各样的人，不同地区的中国人也是千差万别的。

-------------译者：huangjian_1984-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Money isn't everything.  A lot of China is becoming quite first world but much more of it is not.  Most people will say that poverty breeds discontent and unhappiness which in turn causes crime.  I hear people come back from third world places saying it really makes them thankful for what they have but I find that for me it makes me realize that most of that STUFF actually is not what makes me happy.  I have found that many of the people I meet who struggle every day and don't have anything close to what I have are actually very happy in their day to day lives.  They are friendly and they have close family and good friends.  I never feel unsafe when I am in those parts of town in China in fact those people who have so little are incredibly welcoming and easy to make friends with.  Often I don't spend any money either so I know they aren't just trying to get money they are just good people.

金钱不是万能的。中国许多领域已经进入第一世界层次，但更多方面还不是。许多人说贫穷导致不满和不快乐，从而产生犯罪。我从那些到过第三世界地区的人嘴里听到，经历使他们感谢他们现在所拥有的。但是对于我来说，这些经历使我意识到富足的物质大部分不是我快乐的真正原因。
我发现我见到的大部分中国人每天努力奋斗却达不到我所拥有的物质生活水平，但他们却一天天过得非常开心。他们友好并拥有亲密的家庭和挚友。在中国的那些贫困城镇时，我从来没有感觉到危险。那里的人们很穷但难以置信的友好。大部分时候我不需要花费任何钱，所以我知道他们不仅仅想赚钱，而且他们是好的人。

Which brings me to my next/last point (i could make more but this is getting long) in any country you visit no matter how foreign or how much the media and our governments try to vilify and stir up mistrust among us people are just people.  We all have more in common than we do different.  Our governments don't always do what we would like and really they don't speak for us.  The Chinese just want to be our friends.  They are great fun people.  I make friends very easily everywhere I go there and In always sad to go home.

带给我的一个最新的观点是，任何你到过的国家无论多么“外国”或者多么相近，媒体和政府总是在诽谤并在我们老百姓之间激起猜忌。老百姓仅仅是老百姓。我们拥有更多的相同处大于不同。我们的政府经常做我们不喜欢的事情，并且他们不是真正说给我们听得。中国仅仅想和我们做朋友，他们是非常伟大有趣的人。在我到过的任何地方，交朋友非常容易，回来的时候常常不舍。

Oh yeah.. One more thing...real Chinese women are smoking hot!. They dress extremely fashionable and are really friendly and approachable. You would think by looking at them that you are in any ultra cosmopolitan city in the world Paris Milan NY have nothing on the women of China.  And in my opinion mainland girls have HK beat hands down.  LOL maybe I'm biased because my wife is from Shijiazhuang but likely her real world sensibility mixed with an optimism and friendliness that you usually don't get from the more jaded women in big Western cities is just one of the reasons I fell for her.

Oh.  另外一件事，真正的中国女人非常性感！她们穿着非常时尚而且相当友好和可接近的。看到她们，你会以为自己身处在国际大都市里，巴黎，米兰和纽约对中国女人来说不算什么。依我看大陆女孩能轻易击败香港女人。笑，可能我有偏见，因为我的妻子来自石家庄，更可能因为她的真实世界情感，混合着乐观主义和友好。这些特质是西方大城市里的那些淫荡女人所不具备的。这也是我倾心于我妻子的原因之一。

-------------译者：lxlewis-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Anita Leonelli Argentina & Shanghai. Extra small.
Written Aug 15 2015
Originally Answered: China: What practices can American culture learn from China?
Leaving other countries' cultures and politics alone just try to do business.

不要管其他国家的文化和政治了，试着做生意吧。

Mike Girard I'm in China 3 times out of 4 these days.
Written Jun 30 2016
Public transportation.

公共交通

I’ve ridden the Shanghai metro for an hour and a half every day for the past 4 months.

我在过去4个月里每天都要搭乘上海地铁1个半小时。

I’ve only been on two trains that had to stop in between stations. Each time the train was moving again in less than a minute.

我只遇到2次列车故障不得不在站间停下，而且每次列车都在不到1分钟的时间内重新出发。

From the city center I can go anywhere in Shanghai for less than 2 US dollars.

从市中心，我可以花不到2美元去到上海的任何地方。

I’ve never been forced or pushed onto or off of a train and I’ve never seen a fight or any other type of public indecency.

我从没被强推着上下列车，也从没见过一次争吵或者任何其他的公共场所不恰当行为。

Almost every day I see someone give up their seat for a child pregnant woman or elderly person.

几乎每天我都看到一些人给孩子，孕妇或老人让座。

I’ve never seen anything that made me go “euch” e.g. vomit on the floor on Chicago’s L rats in the NY subway.

我从没见过让我恶心至极的一些事，比如在纽约地铁里往地板上的芝加哥鼠呕吐。

Keep in mind that this metro system services the biggest damn city in the world in which live 25 million people.

请记住这个地铁系统服务于世界上最大的城市，这里生活着2500万人。

As an American who grew up in the Midwest suburbs I never thought I’d say this but it’s honestly better than driving (in Shanghai anyway) and so much more efficient in terms of public planning.

作为一个在美国中西部郊区长大的美国人，我从没想过我会这么说，但是说实话坐地铁比开车好（至少在上海）而且在公共规划方面效率更高。

-------------译者：卡思-审核者：BXHin1995------------

Richard Li Knows a thing or two about China
Written Sep 16 2015

理查德李知道关于中国的一两件事
写于2015年9月16日

Originally Answered: China: What practices can American culture learn from China?

最初回答：中国：美国文化能从中国学到什么做法？

Don't use the plastic to buy things you don't have an immediate need for.

如果不是亟需的，不要使用塑料袋去买东西。

America's focus is on spending your future money that you haven't earned.
Chinese tradition when it comes to money is save all you can for a rainy day.

美国人致力于花未来的钱，透支那些你还没有挣到的。
中国人的传统是挣到钱就存起来，未雨绸缪。

This is the most important lesson the America can learn from Chinese culture.

这是美国可以从中国文化中学到的最重要的一课。

-------------译者：lxlewis-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Niall McCarthy
Written Jul 24 2013
Originally Answered: What should Americans learn from China?
All countries can learn from each other. I think China has already learned a tremendous amount from the United States and implemented that in its economic policies. 

所有的国家都可以互相学习。我想中国已经从美国学习了很多经验并且已经在它的经济政策里实施了。

But what can America really learn from what China has done? Despite one or two mishaps China's high-speed rail system has proved an exceptional success. Even though the United States is constructing such systems its larger potential should be appreciated more. 

但是美国可以从中国做的事情学习到什么呢？虽然有1、2次事故，中国的高铁系统已经证明了是一个非凡的成功。尽管美国也正在建设这样的系统，但高铁更大的潜力应该得到更多的赞赏。

The same goes for renewable energy. Even though the scale of smog and pollution in China is unimaginably high and ever present in international headlines green energy initiatives are proving successful. Wind energy has even surpassed nuclear now so this is certainly a step in the right direction...and a direction the United States should follow: Chart: Wind Outpaces Nuclear in China | Statista

同样的也应该学习可再生能源的利用。尽管中国的雾霾和污染规模难以想象的高，而且占据国际头条新闻。但中国的绿色能源举措证明是成功的，现在风能的利用甚至已经超过了核能，所以这无疑是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。美国也应该朝这个方向努力。

-------------译者：mifantasy-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The Chinese also don't suffer from many taboos compared to Americans.  Sometimes these things are bad such as open and normalized racism of not just foreigners but other Chinese ethnicities.  Sometimes it's constructive though.  Got diarrhea?  Instead of a raised brow or an awkward social situation you might get some caring comments from your coworkers telling you to take care of yourself or maybe even a suggestion on some tea that they swear works.

相比美国，中国人少很多的禁忌。有些情况是不好的，比如公开标准化种族主义，不仅是歧视外国人，连中国内部不同民族之间也会有发生。但有些时候是具有建设性的，比如你得了腹泻，中国人不会皱眉或者让你难堪，你的中国同事们会关心你，告诉你要照顾好自己，或者建议你喝些茶，他们发誓这个方法肯定有效。

This extends to food as well.  There is a huge range of food between the truly odd (I don't know...dogs scorpions?) and where American diets leave off.  I think that we are missing out big time in not more efficiently utilizing a lot of the plants and animals we consume.  I guess in the US we leave these extra parts for processing into other forms but a lot of the world including China makes great food out of parts that are perfectly good to eat and quite frankly coming from pretty normal animals we eat anyway.  For example why do we fillet or steak out fish instead of eating them whole?  You waste so much of the fish that way.  I find some of our sensibilities totally arbitrary in odd ways sometimes.  And don't take it from me - even though I am ethnically Chinese I've seen other caucasian Americans here in China way way way more adventurous in their exploration and enjoyment of local cuisine and eating habits.

延伸到食物也是同样的情况。有一长串的奇怪食物（具体我不太清楚，也许是狗肉，或者蝎子）名字是不会出现在美国人的日常饮食菜单中的。我认为我们没有有效的利用我们所消费的食物。我猜在美国我们会把某些食物的多余部分加工成其他形式的产品（而不是烹饪）。但是在世界上其他国家包括中国都会利用这些我们丢弃的食物做出美食来。比如说为什么我们都要把鱼用来切片而不是把他们整条都吃掉呢？我们浪费了很多鱼身上可以吃的部位。我发现我们某些敏感性完全是偏执的武断而已。请相信我——即使在人种学上而言我是属于中国人，我已经看到过很多在中国进行探索冒险旅行的白人很享受在中国的烹饪和饮食习惯。

These are just a couple of things I noticed off the top of my head even though I think the amount of things that could be learned the other way is a magnitude or more larger.

以上只是我脑袋中突然想到的几件事情。我认为我们可以向他们学习的东西还有很多很多。

-------------译者：荆楚老贼-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Edward Conway If a man says his credentials he can sleep in a bed tonight
Written Jan 5 2016
Disclaimer: As an American who has not yet been to China these are based on my interactions with Chinese people and on a limited understanding of life and culture in China so any statements about China should be seen as those of an outsider looking in.

事先声明：作为一个没有亲身去过中国的人，以下 论断都是基于我个人与中国人的交流以及一些有限的对中国文化与社会的理解。你们可以当做是个门外汉的看法。

What can we as Americans learn from China? A lot:

作为美国人我们可以从中国学到什么？有很多，例如：

1. An understanding of how it is possible to be multiple seemingly contradictory and mutually exclusive things at once. In American culture we deal with dichotomies: you are either liberal or conservative you are either logical or emotional you are either science-focused or religion-focused you are either a Christian or an atheist.

1. 一种多元化，多角度看待事物的观念。在美国我们经常用二分法看问题：你要么自由主义要么保守主义，要么理性要么感性，又或者要么崇尚科学要么专注宗教，你不是基督徒那就肯定是无神论者。

In reality most humans are some mix of multiple categories: even the most logical sientist will have parts of his or her life where emotion and irrational creativity is important. Likewise even the most devoutly religious person will have areas of their lives where rational logic is important. Understanding and accepting the presence of contradictory parts in the whole that makes up a human is one lesson I think China could teach America.

在现实生活中人通常是复杂而多面化的：即使是最为理性的科学家也会有生活中情绪化的一面，偶尔的灵感对于逻辑缜密的科学也尤为重要。这就像是最为虔诚的信徒也会有理性的生活逻辑。理解并接受这些矛盾的人性是人类的组成部分，我认为这是中国能教给美国的知识。

2. Not making your views allegiance or ideology the basis of your identity. In America we tend towards tribal identification wherein what an individual believes defines what group they belong to and that group is seen as the core of their identity. Our culture encourages people to loudly declare their allegiance to one group or another and to reject ideas or practices of competing groups. This applies to politics religion economics sports hometown: you name it we divide ourselves by it and see it as key to who we are.

2.不要因为你忠于某一思想或理论就给自己贴上相应的标签。在美国我们倾向于将个人支持某一思想这一行为夸张化，将个人归入支持这类思想的群体或组织中去，并将这一群体视为整个支持该类思想者的代表。我们的文化鼓励人们大声宣扬他们的思想理论而组成群体，并与有悖于自己理念的群体去竞争。这就是如今发生在政界 金融界 体育界中的事实：我们在自我分化创造对立，并且还认为这是自我身份认定的关键。

China in contrast appears to this outsider to have less strong internal all-consuming group identity conflict. I do not hear of Taoists for example being condemned or ostracized for daring to suggest that Buddhism might make some good points philosophically.  In comparison in the US we see a teacher at a Christian School getting fired for daring to suggest Muslims might have things in common with Christians.

中国，相反的则教导了我这个门外汉，要弱化带着不同标签群体的矛盾。我没有看过某个道教徒因为敢于认同佛教观点就被谴责或者排斥的。与此对应的是在美国我们看见有教师因认为基督教与穆斯林可能有共同点就被开除。

-------------译者：lybrel-审核者：lybrel------------

3. Group interaction: America is very good at emphasizing and (for the most part) protecting our personal freedoms but very little is discussed about our responsibilities to our communities and to the country as a whole. While volunteering charity and various forms of service are seen as a good thing they are not considered a requirement of citizenship. Further too much emphasis in American culture is placed on asserting oneself one's identity one's views and not being seen as weak in contrast to China where emphasis is placed on understanding the views of others and not being seen as pushy.
In America all too often we see empathy and respect as a sign that someone's views are not strong and that they can be pushed around whereas in China being able to navigate the social settings is seen as a key part of being a successful person.
So I feel that we can learn from China how to understand and accept ourselves without enforcing dichotomies how to make our identity not rely on our views and membership in groups and how to navigate social interaction with an eye towards working well with others.

3.群体互动:美国人在强调和(大多数情况下)保护我们的个人自由方面非常在行，但是在我们对于社会和整个国家的责任上讨论的太少。虽然志愿的慈善和各种形式的服务被视为是一件好事，但它们不被认为是公民身份的必要条件。美国文化中过分强调坚持自我的身份与观点让自己不被视为弱势，与之相反的是中国文化强调理解他人的观点，让自己不被视为爱出风头。
在美国，我们会常常将同情和尊敬视作一个人观点弱势和可以被欺压的标志；而在中国，领引社交场合的能力被视作成为一名成功人士的关键部分。
所以我觉得我们可以从中国学习如何在不用强制使用二分法的情况下理解和接受我们自己，如何使我们的个性意识不依赖于我们的观点和族群身份，如何通过与他人良好合作来领引社交互动。 

 -------------译者：lxlewis-审核者：lybrel------------

Banson Chong Passionate about Dr Suns "Three Principals for the People".
Written Aug 15 2015
Originally Answered: China: What practices can American culture learn from China?
Americans foreign policies are just like their corporations - gauged by last quarterly results rather than the long game strategy - which the Chinese seems to be more positioned on. Remains to be seen how China with all its recent  knee jerk moves on most situations can effectively follow their longer term game plan and get to the end goal still intact. 

美国人的外交政策就像他们的公司运营一样，依据最近一个季度的业绩而不是长远的博弈策略来决定，而中国似乎更倾向于后者。有待看到中国最近在大多数情况下所有的反映是怎样有效地遵循他们的长远博弈计划并最终完整地达到目的的。

In any event - the long game culture of the Chinese is one thing Americans should try some emulation of.

无论如何，中国人的长期博弈文化是美国人应该尝试仿效的一种东西.。