在中国，女性在科技行业的地位越来越高，已经超过了美国 [美国媒体]

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Women in Tech Are Rising Higher in China Than in the U.S.

在中国，女性在科技行业的地位越来越高，已经超过了美国


-------------译者：风起云团-审核者：天河云------------

–]stiofan_io 
I managed two tech teams in China -- a development team (mostly men) and a QA team (mostly women).
The women were easier to deal with. They had lower egos they followed orders better and they understood the value of good communication and people skills.
I would say they played the game better too -- they networked and they made an effort to keep on the good side of those with power. These are the soft skills which get you promoted so this article doesn't surprise me at all.

我曾在中国管理过两个科研小组——一个程序开发小组（成员主要是男性）和一个QA小组（成员主要是女性）。
女性员工（相比男性员工）更容易相处应对。她们自我价值感较低，能更好得服从指令以及更能理解懂得良好沟通和人际交往能力的价值所在。
我还得说她们在工作玩转得更好更自如——她们人际关系良好并努力在上级（有权利的领导者）面前保持积极良好的一面。这些软技能会助你能到（工作）晋升，所以这篇文章（的观点）并不让我感到惊讶。
（译者注：QA即QUALITY ASSURANCE，质量保证）

[–]dtlv5813 
Did any of the women in qa make the transition to the dev side?

那么在这个QA小组里有女人转到开发小组里工作吗？

[–]stiofan_io 
No but they didn't want to. QA can be a rewarding career if you choose to keep learning (e.g. developing automation  frxworks managing the build and release process etc.) It can also pay roughly the same as development. The problem with QA though is how thankless it is - if you delay the release because quality is bad you get blamed; if you allow the release due to internal pressure you get blamed when the customers find bugs. Also QA is often at the end of the development lifecycle so if any of the phases are delayed you lose QA time.

并没有，但这是因为她们不想转。如果你不断努力学习深入的话，QA是一份很有“钱”景的职业（比如如何开发自动化框架、框架构建管理及发布过程等）。大概跟开发人员的薪酬待遇相当。QA真正的问题是它有点吃力不讨好——如果你因为质量问题而决定延迟发布，那你会受到（内部的）指责；如果你因为内部的压力而让其发布，那么当消费者发现缺陷后你还会受到指责。同时，QA的工作主要处于整个研发过程的尾部阶段，所以如果哪个阶段延迟的话，你进行QA的时间也将缩短。

It's a great way to start an IT career if you're not very technical.

对于IT行业来说，如果你的技术不是很过硬，那这是一份很合适的起手工作。

[–]dtlv5813 
It seems to me that a lot of traditional qa works have been automated and phased out by the rise of devops. There will still be needs for qas out there but job opportunities and career advancement probably won't be quite as abundant as before unless said qa person is technical enough to transition to a devops role.
Also qas in China are paid as much as dev? Either devs are paid way too little there or qas are overpaid which makes automation all the more attractive.

在我看来，许多传统的QA工作正在被日渐崛起的自动化所淘汰。虽然现在仍旧需要QA，但是就业机会和晋升前景都不会像以前那样丰富，除非他能够累积足够的技能然后再转去做开发。再说中国QA的薪资能和开发人员一样多吗？但不管开发人员的薪酬待遇太低还是QA人员薪酬待遇过高，都不能掩盖自动化所有的诱惑力。

-------------译者：zzyyxx-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

[–]MOOC0WMOO
gender equality is better in china and chinese male autism plays a significant role. women are simply better managers and work better with groups.

性别平等在中国实践得更好，并且中国男性内向孤僻的性格起了重要的作用。女性是更好的管理者，更擅长团队合作。

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States
“a development team (mostly men) and a QA team (mostly women).”
It typically works out this way stateside too in my experience.

“一个程序开发小组（成员主要是男性）和一个QA小组（成员主要是女性）。”
以我的经验来说，美国国内通常也是这样实行安排的。

“The women were easier to deal with.”
Also same

“女性员工（相比男性员工）更容易相处应对。”
（在美国）也是如此。

“soft skills”
Yup.
Guys are jerks. But we're jerks who will often do the shitty work that women don't want to. Be that killing spiders or fixing bugs in code.
So we're still fairly useful jerks.

“软技能””
赞同。
男人都是混蛋。但却是我们这些混蛋经常做那些女人不想做的脏累活。例如打死蜘蛛或修补代码中的漏洞。
所以我们其实是相当有用的混蛋。
（译者注：软技能一般是指与他人和谐相处的能力、语言沟通能力、社交礼仪等。）

[–]kulio_forever 
“But we're jerks who will often do the shitty work that women don't want to”
But I think the dev team makes more money than the QA team fixing bugs might not be fun but it pays better. Also think the ladies would be doing higher level work if they could

“但却是我们这些混蛋经常做那些女人不想做的脏累活。”
但我认为，开发团队的薪酬会比QA团队的薪酬多，修复bug的过程可能很枯燥无味，但它薪酬给得多。而且我认为如果女人们能做到的话，她们会选择做更高层次的工作。

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States 
“But I think the dev team makes more money than the QA team fixing bugs might not be fun but it pays better.”
Yes.

“但我认为，开发团队的薪酬会比QA团队的薪酬多，修复bug的过程可能很枯燥无味，但它薪酬给得多。”
   这是真的。

“Also think the ladies would be doing higher level work if they could”
Sure. And to be fair they do.
On the operations side there's maybe a 60/40 to 70/30 male/female ratio of DBAs network admins and Windows admins at my company at least. Linux admins are pretty much all dudes for some reason.

“而且我认为如果女人们能做到的话，她们会选择做更高层次的工作。”
  当然。而且坦白来说，她们确实会这样做。

On the dev side we have a few good women devs but the ratio is more like 80/20 to 90/10 in favor of men.
Lots of women in middle management as well.

  至少在我的公司，在运营方面数据库管理员、网络管理员和Windows管理员中男女比例可能有6： 4到7： 3。由于一些原因，Linux的管理员几乎都是男性。在开发方面，我们确实有一些优秀的女性开发者，但总体更倾向于（雇用）男性，男女比例更接近8： 2至9：1。
在中层管理层中也有很多女性。

-------------译者：花开花落花满天-审核者：cloudwheel------------

[–]kulio_forever
80% of total companies with ladies in management? I dunno...

80%公司的管理人员是女性？我不（相信）...

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States
Beats me. I didn't say that there were though.

这难倒我了。我并没有说那是真的。

[–]kulio_forever
About half of American technology companies have women in top positions. In China it’s closer to 80 percent
Wut? this is an outright lie
Edit less sure now but 80%? Suspicious...

“大约一半的美国科技公司有女性担任最高职位，在中国这个比例大约在80%。”
什么？这完完全全就是谎言。
编辑：没之前那么确信了，但是80%？对这个比例持怀疑态度...

[–]YZJay 
Very anecdotal comment here: every tech startup / business related lecture we host in our school has at least one female executive guest.

（对此现象）有个非常有趣的评论：我们学校主办的每一场科技创业/商业讲座都至少有一位女性执行嘉宾。

[–]kulio_forever 
yeah maybe it just seems extreme they must be talking about a limited group of companies
then again I can see a number of managers in a typical IT company such as HR Admin and so on. And there certainly are quite a few ladies among the tech staff

是的，也许这（比例）看起来很极端，他们说的只是小部分的公司。
而且我有看到一家典型的IT公司有一些管理人员，比如人力资源管理等等。且在科技技术人员中肯定也有不少女士。

 -------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

[–]93402European unx 
it starts at the street level perhaps it has to do with the fact that women in china are generally less afraid of getting their hands dirty? Source look around in china how often women fix phones run a hardware store sell car and motorcycle parts work on a construction site.

在大街上你就常常看到这样的景象，这可能跟中国女性通常不惧亲历亲为弄脏双手的事实有关吧。去中国四处看看吧！在建筑工地上有多少女性做着修理电话、开五金店、出售汽车和摩托车零部件这样的工作。

Western feminists will simply blame it on men would never ever consider looking at the base of this problem.

而西方女权主义者却只会将问题归结于男人身上，永远不会考虑这个问题真正的根源所在。

[–]all_usernames_taken3
Congratz you managed to find your way to complain about western feminism on a news about China lmbo

恭喜你在一篇关于中国的报道中找出抱怨西方女权主义的独特新方式。

[–]i_am_just_gekNetherlands 
To be fair. The title of the article is about China doing better than the U.S. And the whole article is about how women have it better in China.

坦白说，文章的标题说的是中国（在这方面）做得比美国好。而整篇文章内容却在说女性在中国（享受到更好的薪资待遇等）。

[–]all_usernames_taken3 
Yeah I mean I believe you I didn't read the article anyway
China has some issues too like sexual harassement and sexism are much more common and if your boss is doing it in China you're fucked
To be fair I feel like IT is slightly more popular choice for women in China than in the West. Female programmers/engineers are not that uncommon compared to my country

是的，哥们我相信你，尽管我没读过这篇文章。
中国也有一些问题，像性骚扰和性别歧视现象在中国是非常普遍的，如果你的老板是在中国这样对你的话，你就完蛋了。
说实话，我觉得相比起西方女性，中国女性会觉得IT行业是个挺不错的职业选择。对比中国，在我国女性程序员/工程师并不罕见。

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States 
That was impressive. Took some serious twisting.

那还真是令人印象深刻。已经严重扭曲了（一些事实）。

-------------译者：风起云团-审核者：天河云------------

[–]HautamakiCanada 
I think this touches on the truth. To be more specific the real issue is that living in a western society is just plain easier for everyone to do what they really want to do. And when everyone can do what they want you start to see the most dramatic differences between men and women's career paths. Women in the US for instance are still more ambitious about tech/engineering jobs than an even more egalitarian society like Scandinavia. On the other hand you have Indian women coming from an even more chauvinistic society going into tech heavy fields and doing just fine. It isn't really about feminists or the patriarchy or any of that nonsense; it's more just that the more egalitarian and wealthy a society is the more gender stereotypical career paths will be pronounced unless you really go out of your way to socially engineer them away. In a poor country like India or China especially China where lots of women are only children they just don't have the freedom to do what they really want to do; they do what their parents think will make the most money. And if that's a STEM career which is a reasonable bet then that's what they'll do. In a rich egalitarian country where women can do whatever they want to do STEM is a relatively less popular choice.

我认为这涉及到了事实。具体来说，真正的问题在于对生活在西方社会里的人来说，做她们真正想从事的工作并不是件难事。而当每个人都可以选择做自己真正想做的事后，你会发现男性和女性在职业道路的选择上存在着很大的差异。举个例子，美国女性渴望从事技术/工程类工作的热情仍然很高，甚至比斯堪的纳维亚（半岛）这样（性别平等实践更好的）社会都比不上。另一方面，虽然印度女性生活在一个更加沙文主义的社会里，但当她们进入科技领域时却一样可以做得很好。这并不是关于女权或父权还是别的之类的废话；越是平等和富裕的社会，越是能发现社会有许多基于性别刻板印象而定向的职业道路，除非你真的能打破（刻板印象的城墙）从社会层面上改善人们的想法。在一些贫穷的国家，例如印度和中国，特别是在中国，很多女性就像儿童一样，她们没有能做自己想做的事的自由（选择权）；她们从事那些她们父母认为可以挣大钱的工作。如果从事STEM职业是一个合理的职业赌注（薪酬待遇高），那么她们才能选择去做。而在富裕的平等社会国家里，女性完全可以做任何她们想干的事，STEM只是一个相对来说不太受欢迎的职业选择而已。
（译者注：STEM是指即科学（Science）、技术（Technology）、工程（Engineering）和数学（Mathematics））

[–]yngwieromeoUnited States 
It isn't really about feminists or the patriarchy or any of that nonsense
Blasphemer! Go to your room and say 20 Hail Anitas you cis scum shitlord.

“这并不是关于女权或父权还是别的之类的废话。”
你个亵渎者！滚回你的房间再高呼20次“安妮塔万岁”去吧，你个傻逼。

[–]DiscoTut 
I find your explanation incredibly sexist. Women only choose STEM in developing countries because they really need the money but they'd rather do something easy right?
I don't buy it.

我发现你的回答里充满了性别歧视意味简直令人难以置信。发展中国家的女性从事STEM类职业是因为她们急需赚钱，但实际上她们更愿意做一些更简单的工作不是吗？
我才不信你说的呢。

 -------------译者：cloudwheel-审核者：天河云------------

[–]HautamakiCanada
I didn't say they'd rather do something easier; that's your word not mine. I said it's easier for people in a rich egalitarian society to do what they really want to do--this goes for both sexes equally of course. You see absolutely no shortage of women doctors or professors anywhere for instance and that's hardly an easy choice. It just so happens that being a doctor tends to appeal to both sexes equally though perhaps for different reasons. You also see way more aspiring artists and actors in the West compared to China and India and that goes for both genders equally because again in a rich egalitarian society with social safety nets people feel more free to pursue riskier career choices just because they are more passionate about it. As for why women don't generally prefer STEM compared to men it isn't because it's 'harder' it's just because more women prefer working in a field that directly helps somebody like medicine teaching politics etc. Also women tend to more highly value having a better work/life balance. Then again men would probably love to have a better work/life balance too but considering that at least 50% of a man's attractiveness is his earning potential many men feel more pressure to advance their careers as much as possible.

我并没有说她们更愿意做一些简单的工作，那是你说的而不是我。我所说的是在一个富裕的平等主义社会里，人们更容易从事他们想做的事业——当然这不论性别皆是如此。例如，你常看到有女性从事医生或者教授，且这些职业并不简单。这只是因为医生这个职业对男女都很有吸引力，尽管（男女双方所持有的）原因可能不同。与中国和印度相比在西方你能看到更多有抱负的艺术家和演员，男女皆有，这是因为在富裕的平等主义社会中，人们有更多的自由去寻求那些风险较高但自己热爱的职业。至于为什么女性不像男性那样偏爱理工科，并不是因为它“比较难”，只是因为女性更愿意从事一个能直接帮助到人的职业，例如医科、教育、行政等等。同时女性更看重一份能平衡工作与生活的工作。男性同样会考虑工作与生活的平衡问题，但男性的吸引力有一半取决于他的赚钱能力，这使得很多男性压力更大从而想尽快晋升。

But in a poorer less egalitarian country like China people don't have the same luxury to take a risk on their passions. They will choose the most reliable way to make enough money to support a family because if they don't there are no safety nets to bail them out. STEM just so happens to be a reliable way to make good money if you have the ability for it so you see relatively more women pursuing it. You also see way fewer aspiring artists of either sex for the same reason.

但是在一个不富裕，较不平等的国家，例如中国，冒着风险从事所热爱的职业是一种奢望。他们会选择更稳定可靠的工作来支撑家庭，因为他们知道如果不这样做的话，在困境时就没有任何保障。而理工科的工作正好不失为是一个赚钱的可靠选择，如果你有能力能做到，所以这就是为什么你会在中国看到有更多的女性从事理工科。同时你也会观察到，基于同样原因在一定程度上中国有抱负的男女艺术家比较少。

[–]yngwieromeoUnited States 
It's not men who are the problem. It's cis straight white men. If you belong to this group you should emasculate yourself immediately.

男人才不是问题所在，这是白人直男引起的问题。如果你是一个白人直男的话，赶快把自己阉了吧。

[–]all_usernames_taken3
Just cheat the system and say you identify as a pansexual asian caucasian chinese woman lmbo

欺骗这个制度然后说自己是一个泛性的亚洲白种中国女性，笑死了。

-------------译者：花开花落花满天-审核者：天河云------------

[–]PrehollIndia  
Literally this is exactly why.
We are not surprised. In asia in general there are sooo many girls doing computer science in school and uni. The rest of the world needs to catch on.

从字面上看，这就是为什么。我们并不惊讶，在亚洲，很多女孩在学校和大学里学习计算机科学。世界其他地区需要赶追（这种现象）。

[–]kulio_forever  
your first mistake is to believe the headline
your second mistake is to rationalize it

你犯的第一个错误是相信标题，第二个错误是将它合理化。

[–]bananameltdown 
I wonder if this extends to state and quasi-state owned companies. In finance which is basically tech these days it doesn't seem to but that's just my impression.
On the private side this doesn't surprise me at all. I have female friends who are founders in relatively pioneering AI fintech and facial recognition companies in China.

我想知道这是否包含进国有或者准国有公司。从金融方面来看，目前这种现象基本上不存在于高科技领域范围内，虽然这只是我的印象。就我个人来看，我一点也不惊讶。我有些女性朋友就是中国相对领先的人工智能技术和面部识别公司的创始者。

[–]PanMonium 
Women in countries with a higher level of sex discrimination tend to gravitate more toward predominantly male fields - while the occupational gender disparity in countries with lower levels of sex discrimination tends to intensify. Though it is counter-intuitive it is often true.

女性在具有较高水平的性别歧视的国家里往往更倾向于从事以男性为主导的领域——然而在性别歧视水平较低的国家里，职业性别差异会更加严峻。虽然这有违常理，但事实往往就是如此。

[–]Alex_The_Redditor
We need to give our women taller ladders.

我们需要给予女性更高的地位。