津巴布韦白人农场主回归，竟受到黑人农民英雄般的欢迎 [美国媒体]

Tandi - A white Zimbabwean farmer evicted by gun-wielding police and a mob associated with the ruling party has returned to a hero's welcome, in a sign that the new president is charting a path away from predecessor Robert Mugabe on an issue that had hastened the country's international isolation.

Tandi，一名津巴布韦白人农场主。以前他被执政党的暴徒和持枪警察驱逐出自己的农场，当他有一天重新归来时，受到了当地黑人百姓英雄般的欢迎。这一迹象表明，新总统正在从前任总统罗伯特•穆加贝(Robert Mugabe)的原有道路上开辟一条新的道路，而前总统的执政方针加剧了该国的国际孤立。

With a military escort, Robert Smart made his way into Lesbury farm about 200km east of the capital, Harare, on Thursday to cheers and song by dozens of workers and community members.

在军队的护送下，罗伯特·斯马特(Robert Smart)于上周四回到位于首都哈拉雷以东200公里处的Lesbury农场，农场里的工人竟携家带口“以长啸和开怀的眼泪”欢迎他的回归。 

Such scenes were once unthinkable in a country where land ownership is an emotional issue with political and racial overtones.

在一个土地所有权是带有政治和种族色彩问题的国家，这样的场景曾经是不可想象的。

"We have come to reclaim our farm," sang black women and men, rushing into the compound.

“我们来开垦我们的农场” 黑人妇女和男子放声高歌，冲进了院子。

Two decades ago, their arrival would have meant that Smart and his family would have to leave. Ruling Zanu-PF party supporters, led by veterans of the 1970s war against white minority rule, evicted many of Zimbabwe's white farmers under an often violent land reform program led by Mugabe.

20年前，他们的到来将意味着斯马特和他的家人将不得不离开。执政党非洲民族联盟-爱国阵线(zanu - pf)的支持者由上世纪70年代反对白人少数派统治的退伍军人领导，在穆加贝领导的暴力土地改革计划下，驱逐了许多白人农民。

Outrage and sanctions 

愤怒和制裁

Whites make up less than 1 percent of the southern African country's population, but they owned huge tracts of land while blacks remained in largely unproductive areas.

白人仅占南部非洲国家总人口的不到1%，但他们拥有大片土地，而黑人仍在大部分没有生产力的地区生活。

The evictions were meant to address colonial land ownership imbalances skewed against blacks, Mugabe said. Some in the international community responded with outrage and sanctions.

穆加贝说，驱逐行动是为了解决对黑人不利的殖民地时期的土地所有权不平衡问题。国际社会的一些人以愤怒和制裁回应。

Of the roughly 4 500 white farmers before the land reforms began in 2000, only a few hundred are left.

在2000年土地改革开始前，大约4500名白人农民中，只有几百人离开了。

But Mugabe is gone, resigning last month after the military and ruling party turned against him amid fears that his wife was positioning herself to take power. New President Emmerson Mnangagwa, a longtime Mugabe ally but stung by his firing as vice president, has promised to undo some land reforms as he seeks to revive the once-prosperous economy.

但穆加贝下台了，上个月，军方和执政党在担心他的妻子要掌权的时候转而反对他。新总统姆南加古瓦是穆加贝的长期盟友，但是被他作为副总统的时候解雇所刺痛，他承诺要撤销一些土地改革，因为他试图复兴曾经繁荣的经济。


  
Robert Smart 

罗伯特史马特

On Thursday, some war veterans and local traditional leaders joined farm workers and villagers in song to welcome Smart's family home.

星期四，一些退伍军人和当地的传统领导人一起加入农场工人和村民的欢迎活动，欢迎史马特回家。

"Oh, Darryn," one woman cried, dashing to embrace Smart's son.

“哦，Darryn，”一个女人哭着，冲上去拥抱了史马特的儿子。

In a flash, dozens followed her. Some ululated, and others waved triumphant fists in the air.

一刹那间，几十个人跟着她一起（哭）。有些人兴高采烈，有些人在空中挥舞着胜利的拳头。

Mass unemployment 

大规模失业

"I am ecstatic. Words cannot describe the feeling," Darryn told The Associated Press.

“我欣喜若狂。用言语无法描述这种感觉，”达里恩告诉美联社。

Smart's return to the farm, facilitated by Mnangagwa's government, could mark a new turn in the politics of land ownership. During his inauguration last month, Mnangagwa described the land reform as "inevitable," calling land ownership and management key to economic recovery.

在姆南加古瓦政府的推动下，斯马特重返农场可能标志着津国土地所有权的一个新的转折。在上个月的就职典礼上，姆南加古瓦将土地改革称为“不可避免的”，称土地所有权和管理是经济复苏的关键。

Months before an election scheduled for August 2018 at the latest, the new president is desperate to bring back foreign investors and resolve a severe currency shortage, mass unemployment and dramatic price increases for food and household items.

在定于2018年8月举行的选举之前的几个月，新总统迫切希望吸引外国投资者，以解决严重的货币短缺、大规模失业以及食品和家庭用品价格大幅上涨的问题。

Zimbabwe is mainly agricultural, with 80% of the population depending on it for their livelihoods, according to government figures.

根据政府的数据，津巴布韦的主业仍然是农业，80%的人口依靠农业为生。

Earlier this month, deputy finance minister Terrence Mukupe traveled to neighbouring Zambia to engage former white Zimbabwean farmers who have settled there.

本月的早些时候，财政部副部长特伦斯·穆库佩(Terrence Mukupe)前往邻国赞比亚，与在那里定居的前白人津巴布韦农场主进行接触。

The Commercial Farmers Union, which represents mainly white farmers, said it plans to meet the lands minister.

主要代表白人农场主的商业农场主联盟表示，他们计划与土地部长会面。

Traditional African ceremony 

非洲的传统仪式

"I am advising our members to be patient and give it time. But I do see many of them going back into farming," said Peter Steyl, the union's vice president. "The government seems serious about getting agriculture on track but how it is going to achieve this, I don't know."

“我建议我们的成员要有耐心，并给他们一些时间。”但我确实看到他们中的许多人回到了农场里，”工会副主席彼得·斯特里尔说。“政府似乎很重视农业的发展，但它将如何实现这一目标，我不知道。”

The firmness with which the government ensured Smart's return signaled resolve.

政府坚定地确保史马特回归坚定了决心。


  
Farmer Darryn Smart, centre, and his family are welcomed back to their farm, Lesbury, by workers and community members in Tandi, Zimbabwe. (AP)

Farmer Darryn Smart中心，史马特和他的家人被欢迎回到自己的农场，莱斯伯里的工人和Tandi社区的成员，津巴布韦。（美联社）

At the farm, a soldier sat quietly in a van that acted as an escort for the family. His services were not needed. The people gathered at the farm share deep social bonds with the family, away from the politics of race and elections.

在农场一角，一个士兵静静地坐在一辆货车里，他充当护送这个家庭回归的保镖。但他的服务是不需要的。聚集在农场的人们与这个家庭有着深厚的社会联系，远离了种族和选举的政治。

"I have known this boy since day one," said 55 year-old Sevilla Madembo. "He was born here. I took care of him when he was young. He is back to take care of me now that I am old."

“从第一天起，我就认识这个男孩，”55岁的塞维利亚·麦克德博(Sevilla Madembo)说。”他出生在这里。他年轻时我照顾他。现在我老了，他又回来照顾我了。”

She was born at the farm, which also was home to her parents and grandparents.

她出生在农场，这也是她的父母和祖父母的家。

"We are part of one family. We belong to the Tandi people. That's why we are going to perform a traditional African ceremony before we start on production," Darryn said, going through the farmhouse.

“我们是一家人的一分子。我们属于Tandi人民。这就是为什么我们要在开始生产前举行一个传统的非洲仪式，”Darryn说，穿过农舍。

'New owner'

“新主人”

Locks to some rooms had been changed by the "new owner," a cleric with close ties to Mugabe's family. Other rooms had been ransacked and most property was missing.

一些房间的锁被“新主人”改变了，他是一个与穆加贝家族关系密切的牧师。而其他房间则被洗劫一空，大部分财产不翼而飞。

Left untouched on the walls were a portrait of former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and a photo of Zimbabwe's last colonial leader, Ian Smith, officiating at an agricultural fair.

在墙上留下的是前英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔的画像，还有一张津巴布韦最后一位殖民领导人伊恩·史密斯的照片，这张照片拍到他正主持一个农业博览会。

Peter Tandi, the local chief, led efforts to lobby Mnangagwa's administration to allow Robert Smart to return to the farm. "He voluntarily gave up his estates to the community when the land reform program started. He continued helping us with technical knowledge, equipment and other inputs," Tandi said.

当地主管彼得·坦迪(Peter Tandi)领导了游说姆南加古瓦政府的努力，让罗伯特•斯玛特(Robert Smart)重返农场。坦迪说：“当土改开始时，这个人自愿放弃了自己的地产。他继续为我们提供技术知识、设备和其他投入”。

"That man supported the guerrillas during the war. ... He gave us a place to hide from colonial government soldiers," said Gift Maramba, a war veteran and local Zanu-PF official.

”那个男人在战争期间支持游击队。…他提供住处给我们以躲避殖民政府的士兵”马兰巴，一战老兵，当地民盟官员说。

Smart and his son held back tears while greeting familiar faces. Others were keen to get on with business.

史马特和他的儿子在问候熟悉的面孔时忍住了眼泪。还有一些人则热衷于经商。

"Hey Darryn, I want us to talk about my beans I stored in your warehouse," one villager said.

“嗨，Darryn，我想我们谈谈，我把豆子储存在你仓库里，”一个村民说。

"We can discuss that later, man. Come on, for now let's just be happy to be with each other again," Darryn replied.

“我们稍后再讨论这个问题，伙计。”来吧，现在我们还是高兴再次和彼此在一起吧，”Darryn回答。