【雅虎】特朗普本周将发布中国关税清单，主要针对高技术产品 [美国媒体]

U.S. President Donald Trump delivers remarks on the Infrastructure Initiative at the Local 18 Richfield Training Site in Richfield, Ohio, U.S., March 29, 2018. REUTERS/Yuri Gripas

2018年3月29日，美国总统唐纳德特朗普在美国俄亥俄州里奇菲尔德的当地里奇菲尔德培训基地发表关于基础设施倡议的言论。路透社/尤里·格雷帕斯

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The Trump administration this week will unveil the list of Chinese imports targeted for U.S. tariffs to punish Beijing over technology transfer policies, a move expected to intensify trade tensions between the world's two largest economies.

华盛顿（路透社） - 特朗普政府本周将公布一份针对中国进口产品的美国关税清单，以惩罚北京方面的技术转让政策，这一举措预计会加剧全球两大经济体之间的贸易紧张局势。

The list of $50 billion to $60 billion worth of annual imports is expected to target "largely high-technology" products and it may be more than two months before tariffs take effect, administration officials have said.

政府官员称，这份价值500亿至600亿美元的年度进口清单将主要针对“高技术”产品，关税可能在两个月后生效。

The U.S. Trade Representative's office needs to unveil the list of products by Friday under President Donald Trump's China tariff proclamation signed on March 22.

根据唐纳德特朗普总统在3月22日签署的中国关税公告，美国贸易代表办需要在本周五前公布产品清单。

The tariffs are aimed at forcing changes to Chinese government policies that USTR says results in the "uneconomic" transfer of U.S. intellectual property to Chinese companies.

关税旨在迫使中国政府改变政策，据美国贸易代表称，在该政策下美国知识产权会“不经济”地被转让给中国公司。

The agency's "Section 301" investigation authorizing the tariffs alleges China has systematically sought to misappropriate U.S. intellectual property through joint venture requirements, unfair technology licensing rules, purchases of U.S. technology firms with state funding and outright theft.

该机构针对授权关税的“301条款”调查指称，中国有系统地通过合资企业要求和不公平的技术许可规定，使用国家资金购买美国技术公司等方式来盗取美国知识产权，公然盗为己用。

China has denied that its laws require technology transfers and has threatened to retaliate against any U.S. tariffs with trade sanctions of its own, with potential targets such as U.S. soybeans, aircraft or heavy equipment.

中国否认其法律要求技术转让，并威胁要以对自身的贸易制裁来反击美国的关税，针对的潜在目标有美国大豆，飞机或重型设备等产品。

On Sunday, Beijing slapped extra tariffs of up to 25 percent on 128 U.S. products including frozen pork, as well as wine and certain fruits and nuts in response to steep U.S. tariffs on imports of aluminum and steel announced last month by the Trump administration.

周日，针对特朗普政府上月公布的美国对进口铝和钢材征收高额关税，北京作出了回应，对包括冷冻猪肉在内的128种美国产品以及葡萄酒和部分水果坚果征收高达25％的关税。

Fears have arisen that the two countries will spiral into a trade war that will crush global growth.

人们担心两国将会陷入贸易战，从而打击全球经济增长。

TARGETING 'MADE IN CHINA 2025'

针对“中国制造2025”

U.S. technology industry officials said they expected the Trump administration's list to target products that benefit from Beijing's "Made in China 2025" program, which aims to upgrade the country's domestic manufacturing base with more advanced products.

美国技术行业官员表示，他们预计特朗普政府的清单将针对受益于北京的“中国制造2025”战略计划的产品，该战略旨在以更先进的产品提高国家的制造业基础。

The state-led program targets 10 strategic industries for replacing imports with Chinese-made products: advanced information technology, robotics, aircraft, shipbuilding and marine engineering, advanced rail equipment, new energy vehicles, electrical generation equipment, agricultural machinery, pharmaceuticals and advanced materials.

这个国家主导的战略计划在以下10个战略行业中以中国制造产品来取代进口产品，包括：新一代信息技术，高档数控机床和机器人，航天航空装备，海洋工程装备及高技术船舶，先进轨道交通装备，新能源汽车，电力装备，农机装备，生物医药及高性能医疗器械和新材料。

"Foreign technology acquisition through various means remains a prime focus under Made in China 2025 because China is still catching up in many of the areas prioritized for development," USTR said in its report justifying the tariffs.

“通过各种手段获取国外技术仍然是“中国制造2025”的主要关注点，因为中国在许多优先发展领域仍处于追赶状态，”美国贸易代表在其报告中提到了征收关税的理由。

U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer has said that preserving America's technological edge is "the future of the U.S. economy."

美国贸易代表罗伯特莱希泽尔曾表示，保护美国的技术优势是“美国经济的未来”。

Reports that the tariff list may also include consumer goods such as clothing and footwear drew strong protests from U.S. business groups, which argued that it would raise prices for U.S. consumers.

有报道称，关税清单还可能包括诸如服装和鞋类等消费品，这引起了美国商业集团的强烈抗议，他们认为这会提高美国的消费价格。

LIMITED TIME FOR TALKS

谈判时间有限

While there have been contacts between senior members of the Trump administration and their Chinese counterparts since Trump announced his intention to impose tariffs, there has been little evidence of intensive negotiations to forestall them.

虽然在特朗普宣布打算征收关税之前其政府高级官员曾与中国同行之间有过接触，但几乎没有任何证据表明会有密集谈判来阻止这件事发生。

"The administration is following the Japan model from the 1980s," said a tech industry executive. "They'll publish a Federal Register notice of tariffs on certain products, then try to reach a negotiated settlement over the next 60 days."During his first stint at USTR in the Reagan administration, Lighthizer employed similar tactics to win voluntary Japanese export restraints on steel and autos.

一位技术行业高管表示：“政府正在遵循20世纪80年代的日本模式。 他们将发布关于某些产品的联邦注册关税通知，然后试图在未来60天内达成谈判和解。”在当年的里根政府时期，首次担任美国贸易代表的Lighthizer采取了类似的策略来赢得日本自愿在钢铁和汽车出口上进行限制。

Wendy Cutler, a former deputy USTR in charge of Asia negotiations, said that addressing the sweeping intellectual property allegations identified by USTR would require major changes to China's industrial policy. A 60-day settlement may not be realistic in that case.

负责亚洲谈判的前美国贸易副代表温迪卡特勒说，要解决美国贸易代表所发现的大量知识产权指控，将需要对中国的产业政策进行重大调整。在这种情况下，60天内和解可能不大现实。

"I think they've set up a high bar for what they need to achieve, in order not to impose these types of tariffs and investment restrictions," Cutler said.

“我认为他们为目标设定了一个过高的标准，强加这些类型的关税和投资限制不一定能成功”卡特勒说。

(Reporting by David Lawder; Editing by Peter Cooney)

（David Lawder报道; Peter Cooney编辑）



Wow yesterday
APPLE will be more expensive!???

苹果要涨价了吗？？？

Alex yesterday
It won't matter. We should be patriotic and buy American brands made in America. Boycott Asian goods and European goods and make America great again!

没事的。我们应该爱国，购买美国制造的美国品牌。抵制亚洲货和欧洲货，让美国再次伟大！

Stephen yesterday
@Alex, the problem is, it works both ways. Since I retired from academia three years ago, I broker goods into East Asian markets. My biggest sales are from Chile, Brazil, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Every year there is less American product that Asians want to buy.

@Alex，问题是，这是双向的。自从三年前我从学校退休以来，一直把产品代理到东亚市场。我最大的销售额是来自智利，巴西，加拿大，澳大利亚和新西兰。亚洲人每年想购买的美国产品很少。

Stephen yesterday
Problem: the United States are using 1980s tactics with regard to trade. China and East Asia (the world's largest market) are no longer dependent on American product. For food and resources, Australia and Canada can supply their needs.

问题是：美国正在使用1980年代的贸易战术，然而中国和东亚（全球最大的市场）不再依赖美国产品。就粮食和资源而言，澳大利亚和加拿大可以满足他们的需求。

MARC yesterday
$148 smart TVs at Walmart are going to be a thing of the past...

沃尔玛里售价148美元的智能电视将成为历史......

Phil T yesterday
Made in South Korea

可以用韩国制造嘛

SwineFlew2 yesterday
So, Ivanka's made-in-China products are exempted?
How convenient !

那么，伊万卡那些在中国制造的产品被豁免了吗？
真是方便啊！

Jamie Douglas yesterday
I thought with the tax cutss we were going to see companies flock back to the US.

我觉得随着关税减少，我们将看到各大企业蜂拥回美国。

Wow yesterday
What? We were told that China produces only junks! How can they produce high tech products???

什么？我们以前不是被告知中国只生产垃圾吗！他们是怎么能生产高科技产品的？？？

Brian yesterday
They require that those doing business in China must reveal their technology in order to do so.

为了能生产高科技产品中国要求那些在中国做生意的人必须透露他们的技术。

Dvern yesterday
Brian - living proof that you can't fix stupid as someone gave you a thumbs down!

Brian - 现场演示了什么叫你永远也叫不醒一个傻子，因为竟然有人给你反对！

metal_maniac222 yesterday
That's bc they steal American technology

那是因为他们偷了美国的技术！

Fuji yesterday
Tariffs are ok but please make sure we have other buying options. If we are simply going to pay more then tariffs work against the people. So first ensure competitive atmosphere before putting tariffs

征收关税可以，但请确保我们有其他购买选项。如果我们需要支付更多的话，关税就是对人民不利的。因此，在征收关税之前，首先要确保有竞争气氛。

Timur yesterday
China is the largest market as it accelerates. US is losing out while other countries penalized by the US are welcomed in China.

中国是加速发展的最大市场。美国正在衰退，而受到美国惩罚的其他国家在中国受到欢迎。

Lisa yesterday
Watch the stock market drop today. This is bad news for Wall Street and Main Street

看吧今天股市下跌了。这对华尔街和普通民众来说是个坏消息

Chris yesterday
If the US stop importing China products at this minute, China will be drowning in its products and all of its factories will turn into ghost towns.

如果美国此刻暂停进口中国产品，中国就会被其堆积的产品淹没，其所有工厂将变成鬼城。

Richie T yesterday
You don't have a clue. Canada and EUROPE are the bulk of their market, not the USA.

你没明白，加拿大和欧洲才是他们的主要市场，美国不是。

Bioce Fuel yesterday
That is false. The market for chinese goods is huge: Asia, Europe. Africa, South America. When the USA stops thinking that the world revolves around them then maybe they will be great again. From my corner, I only see the USA falling and sinking deeper everyday.

你错了。中国商品的市场非常庞大：亚洲，欧洲。非洲，南美洲。 当美国不再认为这个世界是围绕着他们旋转时，他们可能会再次伟大起来。从我的角度来看，我只能看到美国每天都在坠落和下沉。

Don yesterday
Thats a gross overestimation. The Chinese regularly sell to Canada, Europe, Russia and so forth. Get you head out of your #$%$ and realize there's a whole planet of clients who currently and would continue to buy Chinese goods. Not having us would hurt some but its not like they couldn't mitigate the damage by having a big sale among the rest of their clients.

你严重高估了美国。中国产品经常销往加拿大、欧洲、俄罗斯等国家。把你的头从你的小天地里伸出来看看世界吧，有整个星球的客户正在并将继续购买中国货。没有我们购买确实会有一些人受损，但是他们能通过卖给别的客户从而减轻损害。