中国究竟做了什么，使得中国成了科技上的大玩家？ [美国媒体]

What makes China particularly interesting as a tech player on the global scene?

中国究竟做了什么，使得中国成了科技上的大玩家？




1.    Paul Denlinger, Have lived in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong; fluent inMandarin (written, spoken)
Answered Mar 15
In terms of scale, no one comes close. The USis a distant second.The government believes in science and technology, and ithas money.Besides money, the government can provide access to all kinds ofother resources, such as universities for hiring and interns, and access tomarkets. You can raise money really fast. Just look at how fast Didi and thebicycle apps have raised money.
Because everything is under the party, youdon’t have to deal with politics and the media. Just do your thing and run withit.Chinese are fast and early adopters. Look at how fast China has gone mostlycashless in three short years, while Americans, Japanese and others are stillmessing around with credit cards.

就规模而言，中国有着极大的优势，美国只能居于第二位。中国相信科学和技术，而且中国有足够的金钱。除了钱之外，中国还可以提供各种各样的其他资源，比如可以提供在高校中的就业岗位以及实习的机会，还可以提供很多市场准入方面的优惠。在中国，你可以很快的筹集到钱。你们只需要看看中国的滴滴打车就知道了，滴滴打车就以极快的速度筹集到了他所需要的钱。在中国，一切都在掌控之内，你不需要去处理政治和媒体方面的问题。在中国，你只需要做你的事情，然后把你的事情做好就可以了。中国人对于新科技充满了热情。以现金支付为例，在短短的三年之中，中国的现金就以极快的速度在消失，几乎变成无现金的社会。与之相反，美国人，日本人和其他国家的人仍然在使用信用卡。

2.    Frank Zako, Mental traveler
Answered Mar 17
Paul’s answer is great. I just like to addsomething to that list.The innovation zeal and speed. Since the governmentstarted calling for innovation and giving efffective support for it, theinnovation zeal in China is really picking up with a lot people and money dedicatedto it. People are getting really excited about the new innovation coming out ina surprising speed.The sheer speed factor, or sometimes called China speed,will change the game in many ways. If they finish the same product 2–5 timesfaster most of the time, you will lose in competition. Now they are haveinnovations coming out 2–5 faster, it will crete new map quickly. The GuiYangcity in GuiZhou province in southwest China, a place knonw for its poverty andhardship for at least one thousand years, is quickly becoming the top Big DATAinnovation hub. In 2013, there were less than 1000 big data related companiesin Gui Yang, today, there are close to 9000 of them. The Big Data Valley ofChina.

保罗的答案非常的棒，除了他说的那些因素，我还想补充一些。那就是中国创新的热情和速度。最近几年，中国开始呼吁创业创新，中国对此提供了很多的支持，这些创新者获得了大量的人力和金钱方面的支持。那些创新的产品被以极高的速度推广开来，中国人对此都感觉到非常兴奋。这种惊人的进步通常都被称为中国速度，某种意义上来讲，这在很大程度上会改变游戏运行的模式。如果在相同的时间之内，他们与竞争对手相比能够将产品迭代速度加快2到5倍，那么竞争对手将失去机会。现在中国正在以2-5倍的更快速度来进行创新，这将会创造出新的商业版图。贵阳在中国的西南方，它位于中国的贵州省，在历史上，贵州一直以来都非常贫穷，这种贫穷的历史几乎持续了至少有一千多年了，然而现在它已经快速的变成了中国的大数据中心。在2013年，贵阳尚且只有一千家大数据相关的公司，但是现在已经快速的增加到了9000多家，贵阳现在已经变成了中国的大数据谷。

The first super confident generation in thelast 200 years. Chinese have not had high confidence in themselves since about1884. Now you are seeing the first generation of Chinese growing up with analready strong China and this generation has solid confidence that they canbeat anyone in the world and they put that in action everyday. College studentsfrom Taiwan studying in mainland find that their mainland classmates mostlyhave a strong aggressive wolf spirit that they lack. This factor will play outlater in a very signifcant way.

与过去200年相比，现在的中国青少年已经变成了最为自信的一代。自1884年以来，中国人一直都极度的缺乏自信心。现在你所见到的是第一代在中国强大的背景下成长起来的一代人，这代人自信心非常的强，他们自信能够打败世界上的任何人，而且他们敢于对此付出行动。来自于台湾地区的研究显示，大陆的同龄人比台湾的同龄人更具有野心，他们更具有狼的精神，而台湾的同龄人非常缺乏这种精神。在不久的将来，这个因素将会显着的发挥作用。

3.    Ravi Hiranand, Covers China tech for a global audience
Answered Mar 17 · Featured on QuoraSessions's Twitter
It’s interesting for two reasons. One issize. China’s internet population alone is double the size of the USpopulation, period. That may sound simple, but you can’t underestimate thesheer size of the market.The other is simply how different it is. Whether byculture or regulation, the lack of (for example) Facebook and Google in Chinahas created an environment for other companies to spring up in their place --and grow just as big.

我认为这主要有两个原因，第一个是中国的规模，中国的互联网人口比美国总人口的两倍还要多。可能你觉得这是一个非常普通的一个事情，老生常谈而已，但是你不能忽略市场规模。另外一个就是中国的文化以及监管措施。比如说facebook和谷歌就不能够在中国使用，这样就可以为其他类似的中国公司创造良好的生存环境，中国的公司可以在本土市场上面快速成长，这是一个非常有利的因素。

But it’s not just about being copycats --it means the market has evolved in very different ways. Look at WeChat, forinstance. There simply is no Western equivalent to that, a super-app that doesliterally everything from messaging to calling a cab to payment to playing quizgames. Or Jinri Toutiao, a content aggregator that’s part reddit, part GoogleAMP, part… well, like I said, some of these don’t have equivalents! Even whenyou do have things that are similar, the cultural differences that come intoplay are fascinating to me. Like the game streaming site Douyu, which is a bitlike Twitch -- except instead of a chatroom to the side of the screen, commentsfly across the screen itself!

中国不断的进行学习，但是这绝对不是简单的模仿，更大的市场规模往往意味着市场在以一种全新的方式在运转。以微信为例，这就是一个超级应用，从信息聊天到打车，到玩游戏等等。或者今日头条，这是一个内容合成的一个app。正如我在之前所说的那样，很多中国的app在美国并没有对应的等价物，新的市场导致了很多全新的应用模式。即使有一些类似的东西，文化差异所导致的不同游戏模式依然让我觉得非常有意思。就如同流媒体网站斗鱼一样，它有点像Twitch，但是它的评论可以在视频上自动掠过。

4.    Kynan Eng, CEO at iniVation
Answered Jan 14, 2016 · Featured onNewsweek
In a very meaningful way, China's techindustry is Silicon Valley. The vast majority of the world's computinghardware, of any type, is produced or assembled in and around Shenzhen.Thiswasn't the case at the start of the consumer computing era. But as time went onduring the 80s, 90s and 00s, the combination of low production costs andskilled workers in southern China proved to be an irresistible attraction forgrowing American computer companies.

中国有自己的硅谷，全世界无论是何种类型的硬件设备，他们都是由深圳和深圳周边的地区组装出来的。事实上，在全世界消费电子蓬勃兴起的早期并非如此。但是随着80年代90年代，一直来到21世纪初。时间在不断的流转，在中国的南方有很多成本很低，技能熟练的工人，于是很多美国的计算机公司就把他们的生产和组装放到了华南地区。这些要素对于美国的公司来讲有着不可抗拒的吸引力。

Now it's quite rare to see a computinghardware supply chain that does not pass thorugh China.Now those manufacturingcompanies, formerly anonymous OEMs, have caught up in terms of industrialdesign and are producing under their own brands. The challenge for consumermindshare is on. Chinese companies such as Xiaomi, OnePlus and Huawei are startingto have an international impact in smartphones. The world's largest dronecompany, DJI, is Chinese - and some of its products are subject to exportrestrictions. Until very recently, it was mainly the USA that was imposing therestrictions.Where does Silicon Valley still rule supreme? In anything thatdoesn't involve hardware, and where social and/or cultural considerations areof critical importance. Web services such as Google, Facebook, LinkedIn etc.

现在在全世界市场上，你已经很难看到一个硬件设备是没有通过中国的产业链的了。以前这些生产都是OEM模式，但是现在这些小工厂已经慢慢的发展，他们开始逐渐形成自己的品牌。很多之前的大公司都面临着这些新崛起的对手的挑战，比如中国出现了小米，一加，华为等等，这些都开始在通信行业产生越来越大的影响。中国有着全世界最大的消费级无人机公司——大疆公司。甚至于大疆的很多产品都受到了出口管制。在此之前，一直都是美国对它的产品进行出口管制。到目前为止，还有哪些领域是硅谷真正领先的呢？主要还是那些涉及到非硬件的领域，或者那些对于社会文化等软环境要求非常特殊的领域，比如网络服务方面的谷歌，facebook，Linkenin等。