据报道，西方国家希望利用现金和软实力来抵御中国在太平洋地区的影响。 [美国媒体]

Western countries reportedly want to use cash and soft power to fend off Chinese influence in the Pacific

据报道，西方国家希望利用现金和软实力来抵御中国在太平洋地区的影响。



The US, UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand want to use economic initiatives and other elements of soft power to counter growing Chinese influence in Asia and Oceania, according to an Asia Times report.

根据《亚洲时报》(Asia Times)的一份报告，美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰希望主动的利用经济措施和其他软实力元素，以应对中国在亚洲和大洋洲日益增强的影响力。

Leaders from the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada — which, along with the US, make up the Five Eyes defense partnership — have reportedly agreed to expand aid, trade, and diplomatic relationships in the region in response to Beijing's inroads there, which includes aid and investment in infrastructure projects.

据报道，来自英国、澳大利亚、新西兰和加拿大的领导人，与美国一道，共同组成了“五眼防御伙伴关系”(Five Eyes defense partnership)。据报道，他们已同意在该地区扩大援助、贸易和外交关系，以应对北京方面的入侵，其中包括对基础设施项目的援助和投资。

China's growing economic relationships — many of which come as part of its expansive One Belt One Road initiative — are a source of concern for Western countries and others in the Asia-Pacific region.
India, for example, has expressed concern with Chinese partnerships with countries like Pakistan, the Maldives, the Seychelles, and Sri Lanka.

中国日益增长的经济关系是西方国家和亚太地区其他国家关注的一个原因，其中许多经济关系是其扩大的一带一路倡议的一部分。
例如，印度对中国与巴基斯坦、马尔代夫、塞舌尔和斯里兰卡等国的伙伴关系表示担忧。

China has lavished aid on the town of Gwadar, Pakistan, the site of a commercial deep-water port that the US and India worry could one day host Chinese naval ships. Earlier this year, tensions between New Delhi and Beijing briefly rose over the Maldives, where the pro-China government's declaration of emergency spurred calls from the opposition for Indian intervention.

中国对巴基斯坦的瓜达尔市(Gwadar)进行了慷慨的援助，美国和印度担心有一天会有中国海军舰艇进入这个商业深水港。今年早些时候，新德里和北京之间的紧张关系在马尔代夫短暂上升。在马尔代夫，亲中国政府的声明激起了反对印度干预的呼声。

Sri Lanka has taken on huge debts to China but is struggling to pay them back. The government's decision to lease the port of Hambantota and land around it to Beijing in December raised ire in India, which fears it could be used by China to establish a military presence in the Indian Ocean. In what may have been a counter to China's Hambantota lease, India signed a 40-year lease for a virtually unused airport nearby.

斯里兰卡承担了中国的巨额债务，但却难以偿还。去年12月，政府决定将汉班托塔港(port of Hambantota)及其周边土地租给北京，这引发了印度的不满。印度担心，中国可能会利用它在印度洋建立军事基地。与中国的汉班托塔租赁(Hambantota lease)相反的情况是，印度签署了一份为期40年的租约，租用附近一个几乎没有使用过的机场。

Similar dynamics have played out in the Pacific. While many of the countries there are tiny and sparsely populated, their vast exclusive economic zones cover much of the Pacific.

在太平洋地区也出现了类似的情况。尽管许多国家疆域狭小，人口稀少，但它庞大的专属经济区覆盖了太平洋的大部分地区。

After a 2006 coup in Fiji, which prompted sanctions from Australia and New Zealand, Beijing became a key source of aid for Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa. China also funded a fish-canning facility in Papua New Guinea, Australia's closest neighbor in the region, on the condition Chinese companies did the construction. A Chinese firm also got permission and concessions to set up a fish farm in French Polynesia, after Beijing gave aid and subsidies to the government there. (Chinese fishing vessels trawling the region are also suspected of gathering intelligence.)

2006年斐济发生政变后，由于受到澳大利亚和新西兰的制裁，北京成为斐济、汤加和萨摩亚的主要援助来源。中国还资助了澳大利亚在该地区最亲密的邻国巴布亚新几内亚的一处鱼罐头工厂，条件是由中国企业进行建设。在中国政府向那里政府提供援助和补贴后，一家中国公司也获得了在法属波利尼西亚设立养鱼场的许可和特许。(中国渔船对该地区进行拖网捕捞也被怀疑是收集情报。)

More recently, Australian media reported that the governments of China and Vanuatu had discussed establishing a Chinese military presence in the latter country, an island nation northeast of Australia.
While China has made investments in Vanuatu, Australian media said there had been no formal agreements, and both governments denied such talks had taken place. (Other observers suggestedVanuatu and others in the region may be trying to play the West and China off each other.)

最近，澳大利亚媒体报道称，中国政府和瓦努阿图已经讨论了在澳大利亚东北部一个岛国建立中国军事基地的问题。
尽管中国在瓦努阿图进行了投资，但澳大利亚媒体表示，没有达成正式协议，两国政府都否认进行过此类谈判。(其他观察人士暗示，瓦努阿图和该地区的其他国家可能正在试图让西方和中国相互排斥。)

At present, China has only one military base abroad, located in Djibouti. While Beijing refers to it as a "logistics facility," it is still cause for concern. A senior US military official said it posed "very significant operational security concerns."
The Vanuatu report, and others like it, fuel concerns China is trying to leverage financial ties for more advantageous positions in the region.

目前，中国在吉布提只有一个军事基地。尽管北京将其称为“保障设施”，但它仍令人担忧。一名美国高级军事官员表示，这是“非常重要的安全问题”。
瓦努阿图的报告，以及其他类似的报告，称中国正在试图利用金融关系在该地区的更有利的地位施加影响。

This effort has been called "debt-trap diplomacy." US Navy Secretary Richard V. Spencer has described it as "weaponizing capital." IMF chief Christine Legarde has cautionedChina and countries doing business with it about the potential for mounting debts.
Between 2006 and mid-2016, Beijing committed more than $1.7 billion in aid to projects in the Pacific.
That is less than the $9 billion committed by Western countries, led by Australia, over the same period, but aid from Beijing often comes without the transparency and accountability stipulations that accompany Western aid.

这种行为被称为“债务陷阱外交”。美国海军部长理查德V.斯宾塞(Richard V. Spencer)将其描述为“武器库”。国际货币基金组织(IMF)总裁克里斯蒂娜•拉加德(Christine Legarde)警告称，中国和一些国家正在开展业务，以应对不断增加的债务。
从2006年到2016年年中，北京方面承诺向太平洋项目提供超过17亿美元的援助。
与此同时，由澳大利亚牵头的西方国家在同一时期所承诺的90亿美元的援助金额，但来自中国的援助却低于西方的援助，并且缺乏透明度和问责条款。

The Five Eyes countries' efforts to counter China in the Pacific will include military surveillance and intelligence gathering operations, according to Asia Times. But it will include soft-power elements, like British Crown Prince Charles' visit to Vanuatu in early April. UK officials have also said their government would ramp up aid, trade, and diplomatic relations with countries in the region.

据《亚洲时报》报道，五国在太平洋地区对抗中国的行动将包括军事监视和情报收集行动。但它将包括软实力元素，比如英国王储查尔斯4月初访问瓦努阿图。英国官员还表示，英国政府将加大对该地区国家的援助、贸易和外交关系。

Japan has increased efforts counter China's financial outreach by increasing its own international partnerships and investments — including in both Sri Lanka and Vanuatu. Australia and New Zealand have both expressed interest in doing the same, but, according to Asia Times, their decisions to reduce aid commitments may hinder efforts to curry favor with their neighbors.

日本通过增加自己的国际伙伴关系和投资(包括在斯里兰卡和瓦努阿图)，加大了应对中国金融服务的力度。澳大利亚和新西兰都表示有兴趣这样做，但据《亚洲时报》报道，他们减少援助承诺的决定可能会阻碍他们讨好邻居的努力。