美国：制裁中国的正确姿势 [美国媒体]

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-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

OVER THE LAST five years, the United States has struggled to influence Chinese behavior. Washington’s responses to Beijing’s increasingly assertive activities—ranging from economic espionage to artificial island construction—have been largely ineffective. Yet U.S. leaders are now considering a new option: economic sanctions. Conventional wisdom holds that the U.S.-Chinese economic relationship is “too big to fail” and that Washington therefore has little economic leverage with Beijing. Indeed, U.S. policymakers should be realistic that extensive sanctions against China would be unwise and infeasible. Nevertheless, certain limited, conduct-based sanctions may be able to shape Chinese behavior at an acceptable cost.

在刚刚过去的五年中，美国费尽力气来影响中国的行为，但是美国对于北京日渐增长的、坚定而自信的活动——包括经济间谍活动和人工岛建设——的反应大多数是无效的。现在美国的领导者在考虑新的选项——经济制裁。传统观点认为美中经济关系已经“庞大到不可倒下”，因此华盛顿没有什么手段可以用来对付北京。实际上，美国的政策制定者应当现实一些，对中国的广泛制裁不仅不明智，而且不可行。然而，特定的有限的、基于行为的制裁可能能够以可接受的代价改变中国人的行为。

-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



The surprising aspect of the debate in Washington over whether to sanction China is that it took so long to emerge; within the last decade, the United States has sanctioned every one of its major national-security concerns other than China. Iran, Russia, North Korea and terrorist groups have found themselves facing not only U.S. unilateral sanctions, but extensive international sanctions regimes. Acknowledging the need for more effective policy options, President Barack Obama issued an executive order providing the Treasury Department authority to sanction state and nonstate actors—including Chinese entities—engaging in malicious cyber activity. Last year, the administration threatened to impose sanctions on a number of Chinese persons in the lead up to President Xi’s state visit. Likewise, various presidential candidates have suggested that the United States impose sanctions against Chinese agencies or businesses involved in cyber attacks against economic targets.

关于华盛顿是否制裁中国的争论的令人惊讶的方面就是它花了太长时间才出现。在过去的十年中，美国制裁了与其国家安全相关的每一个主要相关者——除了中国。伊朗、俄罗斯、朝鲜及恐怖组织都不仅面临美国的单边制裁，还面临国际制裁体制。当认识到需要更有效的政策选项后，奥巴马总统签署了一个行政命令，允许财政部制裁参与恶意网络行为的国家或非国家活动者——包括中国的实体。去年，当局威胁在习主席对美国事访问前制裁一些中国的高层人员。类似的，对于那些对美国经济目标进行网络攻击的中国机构和企业，各总统候选人也建议实施制裁。


-------------译者：斯芬克斯的故事-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Merlion Economist • 6 hours ago
The US has to get over the idea that it can alter chinese behaviour. It doesn't have the power or the means right now and the Chinese are too smart to fall into any trap the US may set up.

 美国必须克服“我可以改变中国的行为”这种想法。它现在没有足够的力量或手段，而且中国人太聪明以至于没有落入任何美国可能设立的陷阱。

Perhaps its time to give China a seat at the table?
Perhaps its time to use honey instead of vinegar?
Perhaps its time the US altered its own behaviour?

也许是时候给中国一席之地了？
也许是时候用蜂蜜代替醋意了？（用蜜比用醋能捉到更多的苍蝇 意指用劝说和奉承比敌意和对抗更能赢得人心,或者好话比尖刻言词更管用。）
也许是时候美国改变自己的行为了？

Perhaps its time the US accept that its powers are diminished.
Perhaps its time for the US to accept that what we do to china, china can do to us and we would not like it.

也许是时候美国承认其权力已经被削弱。
也许是时候让美国接受“我们对中国做的事情，中国也有能力回击我们，而这是我们不愿看到的”。（天下谁人不通共）
 
Eagle  Merlion Economist • an hour ago
Perhaps you can move back to china.

（回楼上）也许你可以滚回中国。 
 
Vevoli  Merlion Economist • 3 hours ago
Looking forward to China boycotting US companies, and just watch Chinese exports to the US disappear.

期待中国抵制美国的公司，然后静静的看着中国对美国的出口消失。（逻辑呢？）

-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

A Chinese  Vevoli • 3 hours ago
Anyone making statement about Chinese exports to the US disappear is either non-American or a loser to Chinese exports. Chinese exports to the US is consumers/end users driven, the demand of Chinese goods in the US is deep and full spectrum.

 任何说中国对美出口消失的人要么不是美国人要么是因中国出口而失败的人，中国的对美出口是消费者（最终用户）驱动的，美国对中国货物的需求是深入的、全局的。
 
Vevoli  A Chinese • 2 hours ago
The US is a free trader, but if China sanctions US companies, the US will respond in kind. Looking forward to future trade wars.

 美国是自由贸易者，但是如果中国制裁美国企业，美国也会以牙还牙。期待未来的贸易战争。
 
A Chinese  Vevoli • 2 hours ago
As neither an American nor a beneficiary of Chinese exports to the USA your sour grape response is within the norm.

 您既不是美国人，又不是中国对美出口的获益者，您的酸葡萄式的反应很正常。
 
Hi banana republic  Vevoli • 2 hours ago
it always been war.....and US losting badly

 美国一直在战争中……而且是个大输家。
 
Eagle  Hi banana republic • an hour ago
Your english is losting badly.

 您的英语输的真多。
 
No-U-FC  Merlion Economist • an hour ago
The Russian used to think the same way like you are thinking right now and see what happened in 1988?

俄国人曾经跟您现在想的一样，但是1988年发生了什么？

-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
 
O_Pinion • 6 hours ago
Sick of sanctions. My wife uses them all the time. "Not tonight Dear".

 讨厌制裁！我妻子一直使用他们：“亲爱的，今晚不行。”
 
Eagle  O_Pinion • 23 minutes ago
The chinese use santions for its child policy. There are too many mouths to feed.

 中国对其独生子女政策实施“出罚”，有太多的人需要喂养。
 
YS • 4 hours ago
"influencing" another country works only when it's backed by power, economical or military. In another word, coercion. China has grown big and powerful and is beyond the point for US to push around. It's time to treat it as an equal. This mindset shift will change the dealing with China fundamentally and benefit everyone in the long run.

 仅当以实力、经济或军事为后盾时，“影响”另一个国家才能起作用。换个词，就是“强制”。中国已经很强大，不可能人美国摆布，该把它当做平等对手看待了。观念的改变将从根本上改变对待中国的方式并终究有益于所有人。
 
Merlion Economist  YS • 4 hours ago
The US is reacting naturally. She sees a threat to her dominance. Her reaction is to maintain that dominance or at least the thought of it. When it becomes too obvious that china has bigger muscles than the US, then and only then will she back off. We have seen this with the UK vis a vis US.

 美国的反应是自然的。她发现了对其支配权的威胁，她的反应就是维持其支配权。只有当中国比美国的肌肉更壮的时候，美国才会后退。我们都知道当初英国是怎么面对美国的。

If the US was smart, she would have accepted that she can no longer maintain her dominance. At that stage she will then start to cooperate and not get her knickers in a knot when she doesn't get her way. But the US is not that smart.

如果美国是明智的，她应该接受现实，美国再也不能维持其支配权了。那样，美国就会开始合作，而不是四处插手。可惜，美国没那么明智。

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China Liar • 2 hours ago
Diplomacy doesn't work with China. We help China too many times and China shows us time and time China bites the hands feed her. It's time be tough and ready to use force against China. or else risk ww3. China will back down if we show our strength.

 民主在中国没用。我们帮助了中国太多次了，每一次中国都是恩将仇报。该强硬起来用武力对付中国了，否则就等着第三次世界大战吧。当我们展示力量的时候，中国肯定会后退。
 
Eagle  China Liar • 31 minutes ago
Economic sanctions will do the trick.

 经济制裁肯定会成功。
 
thesurvivor • 4 hours ago
The truth is China has done very little if anything to harm US national interest. US has a overwhelming advantage in propaganda war. They are able to portray every little dispute into a life and death struggle for survival to the American people. These lie machines also portray US as savior for the world when in fact US is suffering from self induced mania.
This long article only tells us:
1) US is very isolated.
2) US has little options left to sabotage China.
3) Do nothing, let China over take US, and the world will change little.

事实是中国很少伤害美国的国家利益。美国在宣传战中有压倒性的优势，他们能吧任何小的争端描绘成对美国人民生死攸关的斗争。这些谎言机器还把美国描绘成救世主，而事实上美国正陷于自我诱发的狂热。
这篇长文章告诉我们：  
1）美国很孤立。
2）美国没有什么手段能破坏中国。
3）啥也不用管，让中国超越美国，世界不会有啥变化。

-------------译者：莫名狂热-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Eagle  thesurvivor • an hour ago
1) china is very isolated like North Korea.
2) china has little options left to sabotage the US.
3) Don't let china overtake the US, and the world will be a better place.
 
（1）中国像朝鲜一样非常孤立。
（2）留给中国妨害美国的选择不多了。
（3）别让中国超过美国，世界会变得更好。
 
Elemental • 5 hours ago
All the more reasons Chinese will not allow American companies to have a monopoly in China. This little trick can be turn around. China can influence American behavior by targeted economic sanctions.

那样的话，中国将更有理由不让美国企业在中国垄断。所以美国实行经济制裁的话，可能会产生大逆转。中国可以通过定向经济制裁来影响美国的行为。

-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Springfire • 5 hours ago
China should start sanctioning US companies that are providing finance, parts or labour resources to US army or navy to shape US behaviour in creating deaths, wars, chaos in many countries.

 美国陆军、海军在许多国家制造了死亡、战争和混乱，中国应该开始制裁那些给其提供金融、机械零件或人力资源的美国公司，以塑造美国的行为。

As a starting point, banning Ford/GM/Chrysler from doing business in China will kill US car industry. Further sanctioning could also be applied to US financial institutions such as Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs, etc. The list is quite long.

 首先，要禁止福特、通用、克莱斯勒在中国做生意，从而扼杀美国汽车工业。然后，制裁美国的金融机构，利润摩根斯坦利、高盛投资公司等等。在制裁名单上的企业还有很多。

As a longer term measurement, China should work with countries to discard the use of USD as international trade currencies. This will dismantle US hegemony in international finance. China is the biggest trading nation in the world. China has the capacity and means to do so.

从长远看，中国应该和其他国家一起，放弃使用美元作为国家贸易的货币。这将剥夺美国在国家金融中的霸权。中国是世界最大的贸易国家，它有能力、有手段来这样做。

-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Eagle  Springfire • an hour ago
Yes, let the trade wars begin. Now!

 对，让贸易战开始吧。就是现在！
 
Vevoli  Springfire • 3 hours ago
LOL. Go ahead and sanction GM, after all it's 50% owned by the Chinese. Chrysler is owned by Fiat, and Ford doesn't have much of a presence in China. VW and Hyundai will be overjoyed.
Re boycotting US financial institutions, they deserve to be punished in at least China since they're immune from prosecution everywhere else.

 哈哈哈哈。去制裁通用汽车吧，毕竟它50%的股份由中国人占有。菲亚特拥有克莱斯勒，而且福特在中国没什么存在感。大众和现代会很高兴的。
对了，还要抵制美国的金融机构，至少在中国他们应该得到惩罚，因为他们在任何其他地方都不会被起诉。
 
pizzapicante27 • 31 minutes ago
Oh look another article about containing China, jeez thank god, its been almost 48 hours since the last one, I thought WW3 was on or something.

哦，该看另一篇关于克制中国的文章，呀，感谢上帝，从上一篇到现在几乎48小时了，我以为第三次世界大战已经开始了呢。

-------------译者：善狼如我-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

cherrysan • 37 minutes ago
"For example, to authorize sanctions against China for its activities in the South China Sea, U.S. law requires the president declare a national emergency in response to an unusual and extraordinary threat to the United States"

 “例如，要授权对中国在其南中国海的活动进行制裁，美国法律需要总统宣布国家紧急状态，以应对特别的威胁。”

It is laughable to equate Chinese building islands on her own reefs as a national emergency. Putting a few HQ9 anti missile battery on Woody Island also does not become a national emergency issue that raise to be worthy of sanctions.

 把中国在其礁石上建岛等同于国家紧急事件是很可笑的。中国在永兴岛布置一些红旗9防空导弹也不会成为美国的国家紧急事件，不值得进行制裁。

Cyberwar is a reality and US should just live with it instead of thinking about sanctions. The Chinese don't make a lot of noise and hide their weakness, suffer in silence. Everybody win some and lose some. US should just engage in this smokeless war, far less dangerous than the cowboys in the Pentagon engaging in close encounters adventurism in the SCS.

网络战是现实的，美国应该适应，而不是想着制裁。中国人并没有胡折腾，而是隐藏了其弱点。每个人都有输有赢。美国应该参加到这场没有硝烟的战争中，这比那些在五角大楼的牛仔们所参与的特战部队的冒险的危险性小多了。

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Eagle  cherrysan • 29 minutes ago
If china wants cyberwar against the US then china gets economic war with the US also.
 
如果中国想要与美国开启网络战争，那么两国间的经济战争也会开启
 
No-U-FC • an hour ago
In order to be effectively contain china, economic isolation must come first before military blockade. Its harder to nullify the economic conquest than the military one!

为了有效地牵制中国，经济孤立必须先于军事封锁。相对于军事征服来说，经济征服更难以翻身。