米兰可能成为付钱让人骑车去上班的最大城市 [美国媒体]

-------------译者：逆骑的译想空间-审核者：雅丽山大------------



More than 5.5 million around the world die prematurely every year due to air pollution—it’s the biggest environmental health risk. In a bid to tackle air pollution, governments are desperate to get people to stop using cars.

全世界每年有超过550万人口过早地死于空气污染所引发的疾病—这是环境问题对健康所造成的最大威胁。为了解决空气污染的问题，各国政府都在拼命地设法让人们不再使用汽车。

Italy’s economic powerhouses, Milan and Rome, have had to restrict car use for several days as a result of dangerous smog build up, and Milan—with a population of 1.25 million people and among the most polluted cities in Europe—is the latest city to propose paying commuters to bike to work.

意大利的经济重镇米兰和罗马，近日来由于危险烟雾增加的缘故而不得不限制车辆使用，而米兰—拥有125万人口，且为欧洲污染最严重的城市之一—更率先提出付费给通勤者以鼓励他们骑自行车上班的建议。

-------------译者：逆骑的译想空间-审核者：雅丽山大------------

Milan’s councillor for mobility, Pierfrancesco Maran, told The Guardian he wants to “reimburse those who go to work by bike, a project similar to the one in France.”

负责城市机动性政策的米兰市政委员皮尔法兰杰西可．马兰(Pierfrancesco Maran)告诉卫报，他要推动"一个和法国类似的，对骑自行车上班的通勤者提供补贴的方案。"

The well-publicized French scheme, first trialled in 2014, was a six-month experiment that paid commuters to work. Twenty companies that employed a total of 10,000 people signed up to the scheme; the companies would pay their staff 25 euro cents per kilometer cycled to work.

法国这项广为人知的政策，在2014年首度试行时是以六个月为期尝试付费给上班的通勤者。员工总数多达一万人的20家公司共同签署了这项政策；这些公司须支付给每位骑自行车上班的职员每公里25欧分的津贴。

-------------译者：逆骑的译想空间-审核者：雅丽山大------------

But was it successful? Out of all those people, only 419 people agreed to cycle to work. Nineteen percent of those cyclists had switched from driving; most were already car-pooling. The French transport minister had hoped the scheme would increase bike use for commuting by 50%. The number of commuters who switched from their own cars was actually closer to 5%.

但它成功了吗？所有人之中，只有419位愿意骑自行车通勤。 19%的骑自行车者已经不再开车；而大部份的人则选择共乘汽车。法国交通部长原本寄望该项政策能让利用自行车通勤的人数增加50%，但实际上从自驾者转换过来的通勤人数还不到5%。

-------------译者：逆骑的译想空间-审核者：雅丽山大------------

Though there’s evidence to show a need for paid cycle-to-work schemes, some researchers argue these schemes aren’t enough. Currently, the benefits of commuting to work by other modes of travel dwarf cycling-related benefits. Governments also need to consider improving parking infrastructure and companies should provide shower facilities, critics say.

虽然有迹象显示补贴自行车通勤的政策出现了困境，一些研究人员仍坚持这些政策是不够的。目前，和其他通勤上班的移动方式相比，骑自行车不太具有优势。评论家们认为各国政府必须改善停车设施，而各公司则应提供淋浴设备。

In any event, another small Italian town is also experimenting with the idea. Massarosa, a small town just north of Pisa, also launched a similar pilot scheme last year. Fifty workers were included in the 12-month scheme, which will use an app to record distance travelled each day.

事实上，还有另一个意大利小镇也在试验这个做法。位于比萨(Pisa)北部的小镇马萨罗萨(Massarosa)，在去年推出了类似的测试计划。这项为期12个月的计划共有50名工人参与，他们将使用app去计录每天移动的距离。

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