你会如何向新人去介绍中国历史？500字以内。 [美国媒体]

How would you summarise Chinese history within 500words for a newcomer?

你会如何向新人去介绍中国历史？500字以内。

Gwydion Madawc Williams, Read a lot about history,and note some general patterns.
Answered Sep 5
· China was the 4th of the majorRiver Valley civilisations, after Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus Valley.
· It may have been inspired byMesopotamia, but it used completely different crops, millet and rice. Wheatonly arrived later.

中国是仅次于美索不达米亚、埃及和印度河流域的第四大河谷文明。
它的灵感可能来自美索不达米亚，但它使用了完全不同的作物，小米和大米。小麦是后来的。

· It invented its own ideographicwriting system, and the Oracle Bones from 1200 BC show it well developed. Italso confirmed Chinese histories, dealing with the last nine Shang kings. Fewdispute the reality of the rest, dating back to 1600 BC.

它发明了自己的表意文字书写系统，公元前1200年的甲骨文证明了它的发展。它也证实了中国的历史，与商朝的最后九位国王有关。几乎没有人质疑其他的事实，这可以追溯到公元前1600年。



· The western kingdom of Qinunified the country using Legalist philosophy. But this encouraged treachery,and ministers mismanaged the state and lost power after the death of theformidable First Emperor. After a period of chaos, a peasant rebel repeated theunification with the long-lasting Han dynasty.
· Thereafter, the idea of a unifiedChina was never lost, even if there was sometimes a north-south split andsometimes fragmentation.

西方的秦国用法家哲学统一了这个国家。但这助长了背信弃义，大臣们管理不善，在令人敬畏的第一位皇帝去世后失去了权力。在经历了一段混乱时期后，一位农民起义军再次与持久的汉朝统一在一起。
从那以后，统一中国的思想从未消失，即使有时南北分裂。

· China valued peace and education.It was much the best pre-industrial state. It made the key inventions ofgunpowder, paper, block printing and the magnetic compass, which were vital tothe rise of the West. Also lesser but significant ideas like stirrups,wheelbarrows and efficient horse collars. The Romans had a system thatstrangled the horse and prevented it using its full strength.

中国重视和平与教育。它是前工业时代最好的国家。它创造了火药、纸张、印刷术和磁罗盘等重要发明，这些发明对西方的崛起至关重要。还有一些相对次要的想法，比如马镫、独轮车和高效的马项圈。罗马人有一种制度，抑制了马，阻止它充分利用它的力量。

China also had a very stableculture. Though commerce was widespread, it was strictly controlled. Successfulmerchants would buy land and join the scholar-gentry. This formidable classallowed merit to count for more than birth outside the actual Imperial Family,and Emperors also were able to choose their heir and choose the son of aconcubine rather than one from the official wife. This meant a lot more goodrulers, though most dynasties ended with weak rulers controlled by theirattendants, who did not understand the wider world.

中国也有非常稳定的文化。虽然商业很普遍，但受到严格控制。成功的商人会购买土地，加入士绅阶层。这个令人敬畏的阶级使得功绩在真正的皇族之外比出生（血统）更重要，皇帝也可以选择继承人，选择妾的儿子而不是正式的妻子。这意味着有更多的好统治者，尽管大多数王朝的结束都是由于他们侍从控制了软弱的统治者，他们不了解更广阔的世界。

The system was disrupted andfinally fell after the Opium Wars. Replacing it was an enormous task, withlittle success before 1949. Contrary to most Western authorities, Mao did morefor modernisation than Deng, changing the basis of the society. Matching worldrates of economic growth despite US hostility. Extending life expectancy fasterthan other poor countries, despite the setback after the over-ambitious GreatLeap Forward.

鸦片战争结束后，这一制度被打破并最终瓦解。取代它是一项艰巨的任务，1949年以前几乎没有成功。尽管美国对中国怀有敌意，但依然与世界经济增长率相当。
这是547个单词，基本上足够了。

Naricy Du
Answered Aug 31
Please suggest edits, even if thegrammars are correct please suggest more natural expressions. Because to learnEnglish from fluent speakers is the only reason I write on Quora.
This is for Merlijn, who’sfollowing this question & gave me a good advice earlier. 500 words countstarts from below.
China was a very good countryuntil 1000 years ago. The most advanced system in the world. No democracy, butsome very good emperors and more importantly, systems to curb emperors’shortcomings.
Unfortunately then too there werecycles, periods of rise and prosperity followed by periods of decline. When anew dynasty began, everything was fresh, intelligent emperors created newsystems to correct the mistakes of the previous dynasty; chancellors were wellplaced to give emperors advice, local bureaucrats properly maintained the ruralpopulace’s welfare. But a few generations later things always started to deteriorate,there were behind-the-door politics inside the palace, which often lead tomassacres of bureaucrats and royal members, sometimes even to the death of theemperor himself. Because of this loss of control rural bureaucracy also becamecorrupt, which lead to everyone’s dissatisfaction, and thus to the overthrow ofthe dynasty, and utter chaos for dozens of years, followed by a new bright erabrought by the start of a new dynasty.
But since 1000 years ago Chinesecivilization itself has been in a decline (yes, including HK, Taiwan &everywhere). Entering a medi period that’s strictly controlled by a centralgovernment which replaced the ancient historical period, the people just lostits freshness. (Think about it like a college youth badass yankee enteringmiddle age, becoming a salary-man who has to kiss ass and feed his family). Yesthe people kept living, some can argue they were more ‘mature’, but they lostthe spirit of innovation & creation. Everything was already laid out byprevious generations, and every effort to change it would be condemned by thecentral government (and the common sense of other people). The best way to livehappily in such a culture is to mind one’s own business and follow in otherpeople’s footsteps. In other words, China became a typical ‘Asian’ country from1000 years ago, but before that we were different. Everything was young andfresh, and people actually believed the world would change.
It is sad that in every countryof the world, that kind of youthful, spontaneous spirit will eventually bereplaced with control and conformity. Europe has taken this path a while ago.US is taking this path right now. It is really sad.
After 1000 years of conformityand ‘harmony’ (to use the word used in Japanese culture), we are in the uglystate that’s called ‘modern China’. In other words, don’t think conformity ismature. It is a way of dying. Creativity, innovations, American dreams, fightagainst all odds, believe in yourself and challenge the norm, are the only waysfor a society to survive long term.

直到1000年前，中国还是一个非常好的国家。世界上最先进的系统。没有民主，但有一些很好的皇帝，更重要的是，制度来遏制皇帝的缺点。
不幸的是，那时也有周期，上升和繁荣的时期，然后是下降的时期。当一个新的朝代开始的时候，一切都是新鲜的，聪明的皇帝创造了新的制度来纠正前一个朝代的错误;大臣们很好地为皇帝出谋划策，地方官员也很好地维护了农村人民的福利。但几代之后，事情总是开始恶化，皇宫内部有幕后政治，经常导致官僚和皇室成员的屠杀，有时甚至导致皇帝本人的死亡。由于失去控制的农村官僚主义也变得腐败，导致了每个人的不满，从而导致了王朝的覆灭，几十年的彻底混乱，随之而来的是一个新王朝的开始带来的一个新的光明时代。

但自1000年前以来，中华文明本身就在走下坡路(是的，包括香港、台湾和其他地方)。进入一个由中央政府严格控制的中世纪时期，取代了古代的历史时期，人民失去了新鲜感。(想想看，就像一个上大学的年轻美国佬进入中年，成了一个不得不拍马屁、养家糊口的工薪族)。
是的，人们继续生活，一些人可以说他们更“成熟”，但他们失去了创新和创造的精神。每一件事都是前几代人已经安排好的，每一次试图改变它的努力都会受到中央政府(和其他人的常识)的谴责。
在这样的文化中快乐生活的最好方法就是管好自己的事，追随别人的脚步。换句话说，从1000年前开始，中国就成为了一个典型的“亚洲”国家，但在那之前，我们是不同的。一切都是年轻和新鲜的，人们实际上相信世界将会改变。



During the feudal period, Chinawas at its peak in Tang and Song dynasty. But Qing, the last dynasty, wasterrible, it was a dictatorship empire, it was a huge drawback.
From 1912 to 1949, China wasmainly in chaos, it had 2 major civil wars and was invaded by many countriesseeking for money, lands, labor, etc. It was really a drawback time of China;but it had its unique story. For example, many architecture of that time aresymbolic in Nanjing.

他们充满激情和情感，形成了中国古代小说、诗歌、歌曲等的辉煌遗产。诸葛亮、关羽等艰苦或有策略性的人，帮助古代皇帝或领袖为帝国开发更多的土地，实现他们的野心。直到今天，他/她的追随者们仍然记得那些牺牲的人。他们的英雄事迹被记载在书中，他们的精神流传至今。

China’s beautiful landscape andits prosperous culture&history attracted many people.
It is impossible to summarise allof China’s history in 500 words. If I must,even billions of wordsare insufficient.

在封建时代，中国在唐宋时期达到顶峰。但是清朝，最后一个王朝，很可怕，它是一个独裁的帝国，是一个巨大的缺陷。
从1912年到1949年，中国主要处于混乱状态，经历了两次大的内战，被许多国家侵略，寻求金钱、土地、劳动力等。但它有它独特的故事。例如，当时许多南京建筑都具有象征意义。
中国美丽的风景和繁荣的文化历史吸引了许多人。用500字来概括中国的历史是不可能的。如果我必须这样做，即使是几十亿字也不够。