美国一直努力传播民主，为什么不被某些国家看做“好人”？（正文上篇，评论见下篇） [美国媒体]

Why does some of the world not recognize the United States as the "good guys" in most situations, when they have been consistently trying to spread democracy around the world?

美国一直努力传播民主，为什么不被某些国家看做“好人”？



John MacIntosh
This question is reminiscent of George W. Bush’s plaintive cry after 9/11/2001: “Why do they hate us?” The Pentagon did a study shortly afterward to answer that question, and came up with exactly the same results that Eisenhower’s National Security team did in 1958 when he asked essentially the same thing: “Why does there seem to be a campaign of hatred against us in the Middle East?” The answers obtained by their polling efforts are highly instructive.

这个问题让人联想到911之后布什的哭诉：“他们为什么仇恨我们？”五角大楼（美国国防部）在不久之后做了一个调研正可以回答他的问题，其结果与1958年埃森豪尔国家安全小组得出的一致，当时埃森豪尔（美国第34任总统， 提出插手中东事务“埃森豪尔主义”）也有着一样的疑惑：“为什么中东地区有针对美国的仇恨运动？”调查所呈现的结果非常具有指导性。

In both cases, they concluded that a large majority of the people of the Middle East disliked U.S. foreign policy because they believed that the U.S. supported brutal dictatorships in the region, and actively blocked both economic and democratic progress in order to exert control over its oil resources.

两次调查都得出结论，大部分中东人民不喜欢美国外交政策，是因为他们觉得美国支持当地残酷的独裁政权，并积极阻碍地区经济、民主进步从而控制当地石油资源。

They also concluded that this opinion would be very difficult to counter because it was true! And not only was it true, it was exactly the way it ought to be: the U.S. should continue to support dictators and block economic and democratic progress in the Middle East because it’s the best way to control the oil resources there.

他们还总结道，这种观点很难反驳，因为千真万确！不仅是真的，也是应当的：美国应该继续支持独裁者，阻滞、遏制中东经济、民主进步，方是控制当地石油资源的最佳策略。

In short, “We own the world, who cares what a bunch of Arabs think?”

言简意赅地说，“我们拥有世界，谁在乎阿拉伯人的想法？”

Of course, U.S. leadership is required to proclaim to be the “good guys”, spreading freedom and “democracy around the world,” but this is mere pablum for the populace. At least the Nazis had the decency to describe their lies accurately: as propaganda. America still believes it is the shining “city on a hill”, guided by its magnificent principles, always trying to do good but occasionally blundering or making mistakes, always well-intentioned of course (by definition, since “we’re” doing it).

当然，美国领导者们必须宣称自己是“好人”，宣扬自由和“民主遍天下”，但这只是面向民众的空虚说辞。 连纳粹都至少花了心思精确地表达其谎言：以政治宣传的形式。而美国依旧笃信自己是耀眼的“山巅之城”，由其崇高的纲领所引导，偶尔在试图做好事的过程中失策或犯错，但意图当然是正义的（既然是“我们”做的事，按定义就必然是好的）。

Strange though, that things look a bit differently at the other end of the club, which is why most of the rest of the world doesn’t buy it for a minute.

奇怪的是，这些事从另一端来看就变味了，其他国家大部分都不能信服。

International polls taken a few years back attempted to identify which country was seen as the greatest threat to world peace. They discovered that it was not North Korea, Iran or China—it was the United States! Note: this was not “some of the world”, this was the majority opinion of those polled. Most Americans, I think, would be shocked to learn how most of the world views their government. But they never will. It wouldn’t do to report such heresies.

国际民调过去曾花费几年时间锁定哪个国家被视为世界和平的最大威胁。他们发现，答案并不是朝鲜、伊朗或者中国，而是美国！注意：这不是“某些国家”的观点，而是主流意见。我认为大多数美国人，会对世界对于美国政府的看法感到由衷的震惊。但他们永远不会知道，没人会报道这样荒谬的异端邪说。

Incidentally, the majority polled also had a deep and abiding respect for purported American values: freedom, democracy, tolerance, justice, fairness, etc., as well as a general liking for the American people themselves. What they hated instead was U.S. foreign policy, just as Eisenhower’s and Bush II’s research teams had found. Naturally, Bush couldn’t say this publicly, instead it was: “They hate us for our freedoms and our values.” Also known as “complete and utter nonsense,” as his own polling clearly showed.

附带一提，民调中大多数人对被标榜的所谓美国价值其实有着深刻而持久的尊重：自由、民主、宽容、公正、公平，等等，对美国民众也有普遍好感。他们讨厌的是美国外交政策，就像艾森豪尔和布什研究队伍所发现的那样。布什自然不能公开承认，他反而将其归结于“他们因我们的自由和价值观仇恨我们。”这当然是纯粹的胡说八道，他自己发起的民调都不能苟同。

Since you asked, what the world dislikes about the U.S. are:

不过既然你发问了，那我就好好说一说世界不喜欢美国的具体原因：

Its bully-boy tactics militarily, politically and economically

其军事、政治、经济上的霸凌策略与手段

Its employment of brutal dictators to provide the requisite “stability” for American multinationals to generate profits destined for stuffing U.S. pockets rather than benefitting the population (monsters like Suharto in Indonesia, Marcos in The Philippines, both Duvaliers in Haiti, the Shah in Iran, Saddam in Iraq, the South African apartheid regime, etc., etc.)

雇佣赞助残酷独裁者（惨无人道诸如印度尼西亚的苏哈托，菲律宾的马科斯，海地两世杜瓦利埃，伊朗的沙阿，伊拉克的萨达姆，南非的种族隔离制度等等），以支持美国跨国公司产生盈利所需要的“稳定”环境，最终充盈了美国的钱包而不是当地人民。

Its two-faced claims to be spreading democracy while it instead consistently blocks its growth

两面三刀地一边宣称传播民主，一边持续地阻遏其发展。

Its crimes of fomenting or supporting international terrorism (Cuba, the mujahideen in Afghanistan, the Contras in Nicaragua) and coups d’etat against countries who made the mistake of voting “the wrong way” (for Mossadegh in Iran, Arbenz in Guatemala, Lumumba in Congo, Allende in Chile, other reformers in Brazil, Argentina, and Venezuela, Aristide in Haiti, the Palestinians in Gaza in 2006, the list is just too long—so much for “spreading democracy”)

煽动、支持国际恐怖主义（古巴，阿富汗圣战者，尼加拉瓜的反政府组织），针对民主选举结果“方向错误”国家的政权颠覆运动（伊朗的摩萨台，危地马拉的阿本斯，刚果的卢蒙巴，智利的阿连德，巴西、阿根廷、委内瑞拉的变革者，海地的亚里斯提德斯，2006年加沙的巴勒斯坦人，被美国策动政变“修正民主”的名单无际，这就是所谓的“传播民主”。），罪行累累。

Its reliance on aggression (“the supreme war crime” in the words of the American Chief Justice Robert Jackson at the Nuremberg trials) to get its way internationally (Vietnam, Grenada, Panama, Afghanistan, Iraq)

依赖于侵略性战略手段（纽伦堡审判中美国大法官罗伯特杰克森说得好：“最高战争罪”）在国际实现自己的目的。（越南、格林纳达、巴拿马、阿富汗、伊拉克）

Its support and training of murderous death squads to destabilize countries and terrorize the civilian populations (the SAVAK in Iran, the Contras in Nicaragua, thugs in El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Colombia, Egypt, etc.)

支持、训练凶残杀人部队，动摇国家，恐吓平民。（伊朗的秘密警察组织，尼加拉瓜的反政府组织，萨尔瓦多、洪都拉斯、危地马拉、哥伦比亚、埃及的暴徒，等等）

Its refusal to recognize international law and abide by international treaties (like the Geneva Conventions governing the treatment of prisoners of war and prohibiting torture, or by unilaterally withdrawing from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action or “Iran Nuclear Deal” on the flimsiest of pretences)

拒绝承认批准国际法和遵守国际条约（比如管理战俘待遇和禁止酷刑的日内瓦公约，或者以最站不住脚的借口单边退出联合全面行动计划和“伊朗核协议”）

Disregarding or vetoing UN Security Council Resolutions (particularly those concerning its client states, like Israel)

漠视或否决联合国安理会决议（特别和金主爸爸（客户就是衣食父母）有关的决议，比如以色列）

Contemptuously ignoring judgements of the International Court of Justice (which found the U.S. guilty of international terrorism for Reagan’s proxy war in Nicaragua and ordered it to immediately cease its aggression—instead the U.S. escalated the conflict—and pay Nicaragua reparations—naturally it didn’t, for as Thucydides said, “The strong do what they will, the weak suffer as they must.”)

藐视国际审判法庭的判决（其判定美国在尼加拉瓜展开的里根的代理战争，犯有国际恐怖主义罪，并命令美国立刻停止侵略行为——美国反而将冲突升级——并支付尼加拉瓜赔款——美国当然拒付，就像修斯底德所说，“强者行其志，弱者受其苦”。）

For disregarding its own Constitution (international treaties under the Constitution are given the force of the highest domestic law—this includes the above-named agreements as well as others, like the U.N. Charter, the Non-Proliferation Treaty which calls upon all signatories to work in good faith toward the elimination of nuclear weapons, and even the Magna Carta, which guarantees the right of habeas corpus—access to a lawyer, accusatory evidence, and a free and fair trial in front of a judge and/or a jury of one’s peers prior to being deprived of liberty)

漠视本国宪法（符合宪法的国际条约具有最高国内法效力——包括文章之前提到过的协约，还有其他如联合国宪章，呼吁所有签约国共同消除核武器的核武器不扩散条约，甚至保证人身保护权的大宪章——被剥夺自由之前，能够获取律师，控告证据，并在一名法官或陪审员前进行自由公正审判的权利。）

As expected, the only ones blissfully unaware of all this are Americans, since only their opinions count. Therefore, they must be kept in the dark, otherwise they might became active and aware, possibly entering the arena of political decision-making (are you sure that YOU have a democracy?)

如人所料，唯一不知道这一切的就是美国人，因为只有他们自己的观点有价值。正因如此，他们必须被留在真相的黑夜里，否则积极、通达的美国人或许会加入政治决策的舞台。（你确定这是民主吗？）

Most of the rest of the world sees the U.S. government for what it is — arrogant, self-interested and self-absorbed, interested in democracy, development and justice if and only if it serves the “national interest”, meaning the interests of corporate power not the U.S. population — and wishes dearly that the people of the U.S. would finally rise up to demand that their leaders actually live up to the lofty (and praiseworthy!) ideals upon which the country was founded, like those contained in the Constitution/Bill of Rights, or the inscription on the Statue of Liberty.

世界大部分地区已看清了美国政府的本质——自负，自私和自恋，只对符合“国家利益”的民主、发展、公正感兴趣，即公司商业利益高于美国人民——我真切地希望美国能最终要求他们的领导人，履行实现美国建国之初提出的崇高理想，就像宪法（权利法案）的内容，或者自由女神像上的铭文。

Only then could the tide of world opinion turn. Until such time, the United States will continue to isolate itself further and further from the rest of the world (not that it seems to care much). Indeed, the current President is doing a marvellous job of that.

只有那时世界的观点才能转变。在彼之前，美国会进一步从世界孤立自己（当然美国也满不在乎）。更别提现任总统添柴加火、锦上添花。

Come on America, we know you can do better!

加把劲啊美利坚，我们知道你能做得更好！