为什么墨西哥比中国和泰国更发达？ [美国媒体]

Why is México more developed than China and Thailand?

为什么墨西哥比中国和泰国更发达？





Pas Sean, Interested in cities and urban economics
Answered Jun 8
It depends which indicators you use to measure development. I'll just focus the answer on comparing Mexico with Thailand.
Of course Mexico is more developed if you measure wealth purely by looking at the country's economic outputs (GDP per capita). But does Carlos Slim Helu (one of the world's richest man) share his wealth around with your average Mexicans? Cleary not. So this way of looking at/measuring development is very skewed.

那要看你用哪个指标来衡量发展。我只比较墨西哥和泰国。
如果只看人均GDP的话，确实墨西哥更发达。但是墨西哥的世界首富卡洛斯会把财富同你们普通人分享吗？显然不会。所以这种衡量方式有点扭曲。

Considering this, Thailand has one of the best health care systems amongst the developing nations. 99.9% of the Thai population is covered by the universal healthcare scheme. Thai hospitals are consistently rank amongst the best in Asia. What does this mean really? Infant mortality rate in Thailand is lower than Mexico[1] : Mexico 18.4, Thailand 17.6
Thailand also does better in basic education. Comparing adult literacy rate[2]: Mexico 94.4%, Thailand 96.8%
What about poverty? The percentage of people living less than $3 a day (dollar adjusted parity)[3],
Mexico 10.32%, Thailand 1.23%

泰国拥有发展中国家最好的医保系统，99.9%的泰国人有全民医保。泰国医院一直都是亚洲排名最好的医院。这意味着什么？泰国婴儿死亡率比墨西哥低：墨西哥18.4，泰国17.6.
泰国在基础教育上也更好。成人识字率：墨西哥94.4%，泰国96.8%。
贫穷情况呢？每日生活费用低于3美元的人口比例：墨西哥10.32%，泰国1.23%。

Also in terms of infrastructure development Thailand is catching up, very fast. China is already well ahead of the curve.
I would say that poverty in Thailand is linked to the underdevelopment of the rural regions. Only 50% of the population lived in urban area. The society has traditionally been reliant on agriculture before recent diversification into other industries, ie. manufacturing and service industry. Tourism in Thailand only really took off in the last decade.

还有基建建设。泰国在追赶，非常快。中国已经遥遥领先。
我认为泰国的贫困主要和农村地区的未开发相关。只有一半人口居住在都市区。泰国社会传统依赖农业，直到最近才向其他产业多样化发展，即制造业和服务业。泰国旅游业最近10年才开始起飞。

In comparison Mexico is more urbanised and so you'd expect greater diversity of economic and employment opportunities than traditional farming or fisheries. The same can probably be said with China which was an agrarian based/closed economy until 30 years ago due to previous policies of the Communist regime.

而墨西哥更加都市化，经济和就业机会更加多样化，而不只是传统渔业和农业。中国也是如此，30年前还是农业的封闭型经济。

The other advantage that Mexico has over Thailand is geography. Mexico benefits from its proximity to the USA which is the world's largest economy and being part of NAFTA has its perks. Thailand's bilateral trade with the US is less than $40Billion. And eventhough Thailand was not directly involved in the Vietnam conflicts her neighbours are relatively poor. Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia are small economies. Eventhough they have seen rapid economic growth they are still amongst the poorest countries in Asia.

墨西哥对泰国的另外一个优势是地理。紧邻世界最大经济体美国，也是北美自由贸易区成员，有好处。泰国与美国的双边贸易不到400亿美元。泰国没有直接参与越南冲突，但是其邻国相对较穷。缅甸，老挝和柬埔寨都是小型经济体。虽然这些国家经济快速发展，但是依然是亚洲最穷国家。

I'm not saying either of these countries are better or worse off, but I think the term 'development' has been overused without people actually understanding what it meant.

我不是说这两个国家哪个更好，哪个更遭，只是觉得发展这个词被过度使用，人们没有理解其真正含义。

Minh Long, Oracle DBA (2014-present)
Updated Jun 22
Mexico more developed than China ? More developed than what?
I see many question on Quora is ridiculous, nonsense. They gave question without source or data.
GDP per capita in Mexico 2018 is 10,021 USD, China is 10,087 USD.
Mexico - Wikipedia
China - Wikipedia
Remember, according to IMF, Chinese GDP per capita in 2015 is $7990 while Mexican GDP per capita is $ 9009. It took China 3 years to catch up with Mexico in GDP per capita terms. In the future, China will surpass Mexico very far.

墨西哥比中国更发达？什么更发达？2018年墨西哥的人均GDP是10021美元，中国是10087美元。根据IMF，中国人均gdp2015年是7990美元，墨西哥是9009美元。中国花了三年就赶上了。未来，中国将远超墨西哥。

That is about GDP per capita. If we talk about the most advanced technologies in the world, economy, education, public safety (from violence, and to some degree also the “human security”/food-and-shelter kind), industrial and transportation infrastructure... Mexico has no chance to compare with China. You can compare Mexico with Thailand, but compare Mexico with China - I think is nonsense. Because China is in different level which higher than Mexico.
PS: I never have been to Mexico, but many news in Internet about Mexico is about many massacre related with drug gangs (shooting, behead,…). It makes me very scared when every time I think about Mexico.

这是人均GDP层面。如果我们谈论世界最先进科技，经济，教育，公共安全，产业和交通基建，墨西哥根本比不上中国。你可以拿墨西哥同泰国比较，但是和中国完全没法比。因为中国和墨西哥处于完全不同的等级上。我从没去过墨西哥，但是网上有很多有关墨西哥毒品集团的屠杀新闻，所以每次想到墨西哥我都感到害怕。

Mexico had its most homicides in decades in 2017 — and 2018 is off to a gruesome start
More than 25,000 murdered in Mexico in 2017, country's deadliest year
Bloody Mexico murder record - 69 killed in one day - NY Daily News
In most of countries, crime must be fear police. But in Mexico, police must be fear crime. Unfortunately !!! It proved Mexico government’s proficiency is so weak.
Mexico: Town's Entire Police Force Resigns in Fear of Drug Cartel
Meanwhile,
China is among world’s safest countries
China has one of the lowest homicide rates in the world

2017年墨西哥的杀人事件达到几十年来的巅峰。2017年超过25000人在墨西哥被杀死，是这个国家最致命的一年。最高的是一天之内有69人被杀死。在大部分国家，犯罪都害怕警察，但在墨西哥，警察害怕罪犯。这证明墨西哥政府的效率太低了。同时，中国是世界上最安全的国家，中国的谋杀率也是世界最低的

Gustavo Marquez-Zambrano, catholic yet a strong defender of science..
Answered Jun 30
This question should be answered by someone having visited both countries. I have. And sorry for those who want numbers and other crap, i don’t have them as I don’t believe they are good signs for uating the real development of a country.. Never been in Thailand so I keep my mouth shut about Thailand.

这个问题应该由去过这些国家的人来回答。我去过。但是我不会用数据来说明，因为数据无法衡量一个国家真正的发展情况。从未去过泰国，所以不会发表有关泰国的看法。

Now, while China has had an impressive growth I don’t really think that their people’s mentality has been growing at the same rate. Chinese are amongst the proudest, most selfish and most individualist people I have ever met and work with. When I say proud i say it in a negative aspect : they consider themselves as being a country higher than others in many ways and their openness to other cultures is very limited. Talking about social manners for instance it looks that they have been living in an oppressed society for years, they just don’t know to behave properly. I’ve seen people burping and spitting in the middle of a restaurant, it is really disgusting.

虽然中国的发展是惊人的，但是我认为中国人的心智没有跟上经济发展的步伐。中国人是最骄傲，最自私以及最个人主义的人，我说的骄傲是消极意义上的骄傲。他们认为自己国家比其他国家优越，他们对其他文化的开放也是非常有限的。就拿社交礼仪来说吧，貌似由于他们生活在一个压抑的社会里，所以他们不知道如何作出适当的举止。我看到有人在餐馆里面打嗝吐痰，真的很恶心。

Of course in Mexico you see bad things but society behaves differently. Mexicans are proud, yet we don’t believe our country is the best.. in Mexico the foreigners are treated with respect and I might say warmly, never have I felt this warmness in China. In big cities in China, you have the impression that everybody is running and that things go very fast, I would even say that it is rare to see people having fun in China. You don’t see this in Mexico.
I have never been in China’s countryside, so I’m only speaking about big cities as Shanghai here.

当然，墨西哥也有不好的地方，但是那里的社会行为不一样。墨西哥人是自豪的，但是我们不认为自己国家是最好的。在墨西哥，外国人受到尊重，但是我从没在中国感受到这种温暖。在中国大城市，感觉每个人都匆匆忙忙，感觉中国人都没什么乐趣。墨西哥就不一样了。我从未去过中国农村，所以只谈上海这样的大城市。