美版知乎：越南人如何看中国人

What do Vietnamese think about China?

越南人如何看中国人？

 以下是Quora读者的评论：

Beo Lai, former Voracious Reader. I Simply Love Reading.

All the answers before cover a significant part of what Vietnamese think about China and why it is so.

I should clear up some stereotypes first:

之前的答案已经涵盖了越南人对中国的大部分看法和原因。

我首先要澄清一些成见：

1.Vietnamese hate Chinese because of Vietnamese propaganda.: NO, our propaganda and the ministry responsible for it suck ass. . All of these are all supposed “for the good of Vietnam” ( if the names don’t ring a bell). When fake news media is popular, you know the government sucks at propaganda. Our news try keep a neutral tone when it comes to China and every other country to adhere to VCP’s policies.

2.Vietnamese hate Chinese because of history: No, actually we hate China because of the attitude and narrative of many Chinese when discussing that history.

1. 越南人讨厌中国人是因为越南媒体的宣传。不，我们的宣传和外交部要为此负责。所有这些都被认为是“为了越南的利益”。当假新闻媒体传播极广的时候，你就知道政府的宣传有多烂了。当涉及到中国和其他国家时，我们的新闻尽量保持中立的基调，遵守越共的政策。
2. 越南人讨厌中国人是因为历史：不，实际上我们讨厌中国是因为许多中国人讨论那段历史时的态度和言论内容。

Vietnamese deeply admired China as a cultural hegemony and center of East Asia. We voraciously consume China’s cultural exports. Vietnamese and Chinese can agree in almost everything in real life except for history, politics and some others. We tend to say that Vietnamese know China better than anyone(except for Chinese of course) and generalize very quickly. I personally think that is our strong ties that make Vietnamese becoming arrogant when it comes to China: We think “we know you best”. The grass is always greener on the other side, and in this case, we think China is “on our side”. The more and more Vietnamese are exposed to the world, the more we appreciate China.

Doesn’t mean we don’t hate you though. We still hate you!

越南非常钦佩中国作为文化霸权和东亚中心的地位。我们如饥似渴地享用中国的文化输出。越南人和中国人几乎在现实生活中的所有事情上都是一致的，除了历史、政治和其他方面。我们倾向于说，越南人比任何人(当然除了中国人)都更了解中国，而且很快就能加以学习。我个人认为，正是我们紧密的联系让越南人对中国变得傲慢：我们认为“我们最了解你”。这山望着那山高，在这种情况下，我们认为中国是“站在我们这边的”。越南人接触世界的越多，我们就越欣赏中国。

但这并不意味着我们不恨你们。我们还是恨你们的！

 

Pham Hung Lam

As a Vietnamese I think China is a very beautiful country

I love Chinese art

作为越南人，我觉得中国是一个非常美的国家

我喜欢中国艺术

Traditional architecture

喜欢中国传统建筑

Poetry

中国的诗

Modern cities

现代化的城市

And especially Chinese food

特别喜欢吃中国菜

Everything about Chinese history is very interesting. I especially love Hanzi, Chinese characters, and Hanfu - traditional Chinese clothes

有关中国历史的一切都是非常有意思的，我特别喜欢汉字，喜欢穿汉服。

It’s a country blessed with natural scenery

中国是一个自然风光得天独厚的国家

I know China just finished building the biggest airport in the world

我知道中国刚刚建成了世界上最大的机场

And China just tried to imitate Vietnam’s hand bridge

中国在模仿越南的“手桥”

This shows everything is possible in China including grand construction project

这说明在中国一切皆有可能，包括大型建设项目

More high speed trains than the world combined

高铁比全世界加起来还多

But I am very disappointed in China - how China is behaving in the East Sea of Vietnam.

Being such a powerful country, but China has not been kind to Vietnam.

不过，我对中国非常失望。

作为一个如此强大的国家，中国对越南并不友善啊。

 

Edward Kenway, M.S. Economics & Mathematics, Queen Mary, University of London (2014)

I’m chinese. And when I first went to Vietnam, before I took off a Vietnamese girl happened to add me on Facebook. I just chat with her and she told me that she wanna take me around when I arrive at Ho Chi Minh~ so I agreed and that day I arrived at Ho Chi Minh city around 22:30, since the flight was a little bit delayed and I was on the flight for more than 6 hours. So when I arrived, she sent me message, and the chat was like this

Girl: hallo did you arrive? Why don’t you send me message? Send me your hotel address so I can pick you there and we can walk around

Me: OK, but Trang sorry I’m too tired today and I hope I can take a break so we can go outside somewhere tomorrow. Is that ok for you? ^^

Girl: OK, no problem. I won’t forget this insult. We Vietnamese don’t eat our words like you chinese who are used to cheating and lying~ now fxxk off and don’t call me again, you chinese idiot~

And then she deleted and blocked me…

我是中国人。我第一次去越南时，在动身之前，一个越南女孩碰巧加了我的Facebook。我和她聊了聊天，她说等我到达胡志明，她想带我参观参观~我同意了，由于航班有点延误，我22:30时到达胡志明市，我在飞机上呆了6个多小时。我抵达的时候，她给我发了信息，聊天内容是这样的：

女孩：你好呀，到了吗？怎么没给我发个短信？把你的酒店地址发给我吧，我可以去酒店接你，然后带你四处走走。

我：好的，但是不好意思，我今天太累了，想休息一下，明天我们再去外面走走行吗。

女孩：行，没问题。我不会忘记这种侮辱。我们越南人不会像你们中国人那样食言，你们总是说谎骗人~滚吧，别再打电话给我，你这个中国白痴~

然后她就把我删掉了…

Me: WTF???

So I just hanged out by myself for the next whole week, and this was a disastrous experience

first when I arrived first day, the custom asked me to pay him $10 or otherwise he won’t let me pass… almost all the Chinese travellers had been asked for the tips but all the other foreigners didn’t.

and lots of churches and museums didn’t allow me in because I’m a chinese. Moreover, every shop and restaurant tried to charge me a little bit more when they knew that I’m chinese…

Even in Hanoi when a Vietnamese waitress noticed that I’m chinese, she spitted in my soup…

mans the stuff girl in the front desk of my hotel smiled and said “đĩ mẹ mày” to me … I asked her why she said that and she told me this is “hallo” in Vietnamese. She didn’t realise that I learnt Vietnamese before and this phrase is actually a dirty word…

我：发生了什么？（问号脸）

所以我就独自一人出去玩了整整一周，这真是一次灾难性的经历。

当我第一天到达时，海关让我付10美元，否则他就不让我通关……几乎所有的中国游客都被要求付小费，但其他的外国人都不用。

很多教堂和博物馆不让我进去，因为我是中国人。而且，每家商店和餐馆在知道我是中国人后都想多收我一点钱……

甚至在河内，当一名越南服务员发现我是中国人时，往我的汤里吐了一口……

酒店前台小姑娘笑着对我说“去你妈的！”…我问她为什么这么说，她告诉我这是越南语的“你好”。她不知道我以前学过越南语，而她说的话实际上是句脏话……

before I went to Vietnam I once got very positive impression on this country, cuz I got many Vietnamese friends here and I’m also keen on the socialism country which is similar to us. We even share similar culture.

but after I went there, all the good impression on this country disappear… Vietnam might be the most anti-China country in southern Eastern Asia (the next one must be Thailand). So if you are a chinese, I suggest that you can choose another country for travel such as Malaysia, Singapore or Philippine where people are more friendly.

AND AT last, let me mention you, that Vietnamese guys are far much more friendly than Vietnamese girls. I got quite a lot Vietnamese male friends with whom we could chat a lot and go travel together. While when I met Vietnamese girls, no matter whether on internet or in reality, 60% will be regardless of me even without a glance, and 40% will directly say :”fxxk you china dog”…

PS: someone might misunderstand me. I like Vietnamese people very much, and spent lots of time learning “TiếnG Việt”. And quite a lot of my Vietnamese classmates and colleagues once helped me before, which I really appreciated. I just wanna say I was shocked and disappointed that the Vietnam I once expected and the real vietnam i saw when I arrived are totally different. This made me very upset.

and I don’t mean Vietnamese girls are bad. Just for me, according to my experience, Vietnamese guys are easier to make friends with than Vietnamese girls

在我去越南之前，我对这个国家的印象非常好，因为我在这里有很多越南朋友，我也很喜欢这个和我们相似的社会主义国家。我们甚至拥有相似的文化。

但当我去过之后，我对这个国家所有的好印象都消失了…越南可能是东南亚最反华的国家(第二个肯定是泰国)。所以如果你是中国人，我建议你可以选择其他国家旅游，比如马来西亚、新加坡或菲律宾，那里的人更为友好。

最后，我要说一下，越南男人远比越南女孩友好。我有很多越南男性朋友，我们可以一起聊天，一起旅行。而我遇到的越南女孩，不管是在网上还是在现实生活中遇到的，60%会对我不屑一顾，40%会直接说:“去你的中国狗”……

PS:有人可能会误解我的意思。我非常喜欢越南人民，花了很多时间学习“越南语”。还有很多越南的同学和同事曾经帮助过我，我很感激。我只是想说，让我感到震惊和失望的是，我曾经期待的越南和我刚来时看到的真正的越南是完全不同的。这让我很不安。

我并不是说越南女孩不好。就我而言，根据我的经验，越南男人比越南女孩更容易交朋友。

 

Ngo The Hoan, Software Engineer with an interest in history

Since other people have given answers about what the Vietnamese think already, I won’t repeat the same answer. I will instead tell you what I think about China.

I think China is a great country, but Vietnam needs to be careful of China, forever and always.

Why do I think China is a great country?

China has a history of 5000 years, one of the four great civilizations of the ancient world, the only one to survive and continue to be a powerful country.

既然其他人已经谈及了越南人的想法，我就不再赘述了。我会告诉你我对中国的看法。

我认为中国是一个伟大的国家，但是越南需要永远提防中国。

为什么我认为中国是一个伟大的国家？

中国有5000年的历史，是古代世界四大文明之一，是唯一一个幸存下来并继续强大的国家。

 

The continuity of China and Chinese civilization is scary.

The concept of being Han Chinese is so pervasive that they not only make up 90% of China’s population but have spread their culture and gene pool to all other countries in Asia.

To understand the power of Chinese culture, you can just look at Southeast Asia, a region of 655 million people. The ethnic Chinese only makes up a very small minority of the population, yet they have become the dominant economic elite in the region.

中国和中华文明的延续很吓人。

汉人的概念是如此普遍，他们不仅占中国人口的90%，而且把他们的文化和基因库传播到亚洲其他国家。

要了解中国文化的力量，你可以看看东南亚，一个拥有6.55亿人口的地区。华人只占人口的一小部分，但已成为该地区占主导地位的经济精英。

 

Thanh Nguyen

If you ask this question, you’ll get hundreds of answers. Because there isn’t one way that Vietnamese think about China.

To quote a Vietnamese professor about the role of China to Vietnam:

Với Việt Nam, Trung Quốc đồng thời là: người thầy vĩ đại, người bạn thân thiết và đối thủ nguy hiểm.

To Vietnam, China is simultaneously a great teacher, a close friend and a dangerous enemy.

Using this quote, you can see that Vietnamese feeling towards China can be summed up as: Respect, familiarity and fear.

The Vietnamese feeling towards China is a blend between these 3 states. Just as the traditional religion of Vietnamese people is a fluid blend of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism.

Can you identify exactly one feeling Vietnamese people have towards China?

No, because it’s not static, it’s actually a moving spectrum.

如果你提问这个问题，你会得到几百个答案。因为越南人对中国没有固定的看法。

引用一位越南教授关于中国对越南的影响力的话：

对越南来说，中国既是伟大的老师，也是亲密的朋友，更是危险的敌人。

通过这句话，你可以看到越南人对中国的感情可以总结为：尊重、熟悉和恐惧。

越南人对中国的感情是这三种情感的混合体。正如越南人民的传统宗教是佛教、儒教和道教的混合体。

你能确切地说出越南人对中国的一种感觉吗?

不，因为它不是静态的，而是一直在变。

“But many Vietnamese told me that they hate China!”

Yes there are Vietnamese who hate China permanently, but to most Vietnamese this is just a state of mind. The person can change their opinion towards China when a different event occurs. This has happened and is happening.

During the most tense period between China and Vietnam in 2014, when anti-China protests broke out all over Vietnam.

“但是很多越南人告诉我他们讨厌中国!”

是的，有些越南人永远讨厌中国，但对大多数越南人来说，这只是一种心态而已。当发生不同事件时，人们对中国的看法也会改变。这种情况之前发生过，现在也常常发生。

中国与越南之间的最紧张的时期，是2014年越南反华抗议爆发时。

The Three States of Mind that Vietnamese have towards China:

1.Viewing China as a great teacher - Respect

1)China is seen as a country with long history and great civilization

2)China influenced Vietnam a lot in terms of culture

3)China influenced Vietnamese literature, arts, beliefs, philosophy

4)China gives inspiration in economic and political development

5)In ancient time, Vietnam simply imitated a lot of things that China did

2.Viewing China as a close friend - Familiarity

1)China shares a culture with Vietnam

2)Vietnam interacted the most with China in history

3)Vietnamese feel close to Chinese people and culture because of history

4)China helped Vietnam in independence wars against France

5)If China didn’t warn the U.S to not send soldiers into Northern Vietnam, then Vietnam would never have won against the U.S and become a united country

越南人对中国有三种心态：

1.视中国为伟大的老师—尊重

1)中国被认为是一个有着悠久历史和伟大文明的国家

2)中国对越南的文化影响很大

3)中国影响了越南的文学、艺术、信仰和哲学

4)中国在经济和政治发展方面给了启示

5)在古代，越南只是简单地照搬了中国做过的许多事情

2.视中国为亲密的朋友—亲密

1)中国和越南有共同的文化

2)历史上越南和中国的互动最多

3)由于历史的原因，越南人对中国人民和文化感到很亲近

4)中国帮助越南在独立战争中对抗法国

5) 如果中国没有警告美国，不要派兵进入越南北部，那么越南就永远不会战胜美国，成为统一的国家

Conclusion

The Vietnamese feeling about China is not static because of the many roles that China take, including both friendly and aggressive.

It is hard for people in other countries to understand because they don’t have a giant neighbor, who had simultaneously invaded, occupied and destroyed their country but also gave cultural, political inspiration and defended Vietnam in the past

结论

越南人对中国的感觉不是一成不变的，因为中国扮演过许多角色，也曾友好，也曾咄咄逼人。

其他国家的人很难理解这一点，因为他们没有一个强大的邻国，这个邻国曾入侵、占领和摧毁过他们的国家，但也曾在文化和政治上启发过越南，并在过去保卫过越南。

 

Peter Nguyen, Grew up in Vietnam, speak, read Vietnamese

Not me, but I see many Vietnamese express a sentiment close to loathing of China, as if China was full of Orcs and ruled by Sauron from the Lord of the Rings story by Tolkien. It’s an almost mystical and seemingly irrational dislike.

But for most Vietnamese if questioned about places inhabited by Chinese PEOPLE, like Taiwan or Singapore, then they will express admiration for the efficiency and wealth.

我本人不这样，但我看到许多越南人都对中国有一种近乎厌恶的情绪，就好像到处都是半兽人，由托尔金的《指环王》故事中的索伦统治。这是一种近乎神秘的、看似非理性的厌恶。

但对于大多数越南人来说，如果被问及中国人居住的地方，比如中国台湾或新加坡，他们会对那里的经济和财富表示赞赏。

 

Anonymous

I can’t speak to all Vietnamese, but since I am Vietnamese descendant from a family in Poland, I do not know other individuals speak. But I suppose they see China with fear and hatreds.

Some reasons:

1.China is big and has a havoc of invading Vietnam.

2.Vietnam and China fought the 1979 war which remained as a painful memoir.

3.Vietnamese believe China always want to tear Vietnam down.

4.Politically, both are communist-ruled, and Vietnamese nationalists hate both.

5.Vietnamese dislike Chinese investors and tourists.

6.They hate to be seen as small Chinese.

Personally I don’t see Vietnamese truly love Chinese people much. Hardly it changes in the future anyway.

我不能代表所有的越南人，我是来自波兰的越南人后裔，我不知道其他人怎么说。我想他们对中国是怀着恐惧和仇恨的。

原因如下：

1. 中国很大，曾侵略越南，造成了巨大破坏。
2. 越南和中国在1979年的战争至今仍是一本痛苦的回忆录。
3. 越南人认为中国一心想要摧毁越南。
4. 政治上，这两个国家都是党统治的国家，而越南的民族主义者对这两个国家都深恶痛绝。
5. 越南人不喜欢中国投资者和游客。
6. 他们讨厌被看作小个子中国人。

我个人认为越南人并不是真的很喜欢中国人。未来也很难改变。