为何中国认为自己能建立乌托邦的世界秩序 [美国媒体]

-------------译者：№.L-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Nobel laureate Rudyard Kipling argued in “The White Man’s Burden” that it is the moral responsibility of the superior white race to occupy lands populated by people who are “half-devil and half child” and to rule over them for their own good. He implied that the purpose of Western colonialism and U.S. imperialism was not to amass wealth and power but rather to civilize savages and lead them in the process of building a grand society. Similarly the Chinese regime has taken upon itself the burden of guiding the whole world in the process of jointly achieving a prosperous harmonious and unified order. The fundamental difference is that Chinese intentions are mostly genuine. Beijing believes that its superior civilization provides the leadership with the necessary skills to lead mankind in the process of building a utopian world order known by Chinese since ancient times as Tianxia.

诺贝尔奖的获得者鲁德亚德·吉卜林在“白人的负担”一诗中认为占领那些被“尚未开化”的土着居住的土地，和使用他们的道德标准进行统治，是上等白人的道德责任。他暗示西方殖民主义和美国帝国主义并不是为了积累财富和实力，而是为了教化野蛮人并且领导他们走进一个建设伟大社会的进程。相似的是，中国政府已经承担起自身对引导整个世界走向共同达成富饶和谐且秩序统一的责任。最根本的不同是中国的目的大部分是真诚的。北京坚信自己的优越文明有能力领导人类建设乌托邦世界秩序，即自古以来为中国人所熟知的“天下”。

-------------译者：magicqueen99-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

A widely accepted translation of Tianxia is “all under the heaven” referring to the unx of all the lands and peoples on earth. It is worthwhile to note that historically the gods did not appoint Chinese emperors to rule just over a limited region of the world such as the Central Kingdom but over Tianxia over all the lands and peoples under the heaven. Hence uniting the whole Chinese Empire would result in its frontiers overlapping “the limits of the Universe” i.e. the whole earth. Additionally for the full establishment of Tianxia the emperors had to achieve “a universal agreement in the hearts of all people” a common identity and a global institution to grant “universal order.” For this reason Chinese emperors were fixated with achieving unity – territorial political social cultural unity – to turn the chaotic world into the utopianTianxia.

"天下"被广为接受的一种翻译是”天空之下的一切“，指的是地球上所有的土地和人民。值得注意的是，自古以来神灵们从未指定中国皇帝们仅仅管辖一块有限的区域，比如”中央之国“，而是统御天下，统御苍天之下所有的土地和人民。所以统一中华帝国就意味着它的疆域和”世界的极限“即整个地球重叠。此外，要构建完整的天下，帝王们就需要做到”所有人心里普遍认同“的一种共有的身份和一个全球性机构，以确保”寰宇秩序“。因此，中国的帝王们热衷于统一----领土的、政治的、社会的、文化的统一----从而把混乱的世界改造成乌托邦的天下。


-------------译者：天羽屠龙舞-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

dog999999999
china can't build a utopian world order. It can barely keep its own house in order.

中国不可能建立一个乌托邦式世界的秩序，他几乎不能使自己内部井然有序。
Titangus

Not sure why you say this. In the last 35 years Chinese economy education infrastructure health care and freedoms have improved exponentially.

不明白为什么你要说这些话。在过去三十年中，中国的经济，教育，基础设施，医疗卫生和自由都有了极大的提高。
Mr Zhao

When I was a CEO of a company I made 10 million loss at the first five years but made 3 million profit at the last three years.
Am I a good CEO?
Why last 35 years and not last 70 years?

当我是一个公司的CEO时，在前五年我造成了1000万的损失，但是在最近的三年中，我创造了300万的利润。
能说我是一个优秀的CEO吗？
为什么是过去的三十年中，而不是过去的七十年中？

imm1
Your parable is unfound. You are fired wall Street wouldn't allow you to screwed up more than 2 quarters.
All the Maoists hardliners are purged or fired when they made terrible losses.
The new socialist created 2 trillion profile over the past 35 years.

你的比喻是不合理的。你会被解雇，华尔街不允许你搞砸超过两个季度。
所有的毛主义强硬派在他们造成巨大的损失时，都会被清除出去。
新社会主义者在过去35年中创造了2万亿的经济规模。

-------------译者：大汉故土-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Mr Zhao
Some shareholders are unbelievably naive and tolerant of abuses.
The Chinese should know. They stuck with their CEO after the disastrous Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution and can't be happier these days with him.

有些股东还真是天真和宽容得过分。中国人应该知道：他们的CEO制造了灾难性的大跃进和文化大革命，致使他们过得并不愉快。

imm1
Yes. It was taking too long to rectify wasted 30 years.

是的，花了太长的时间来纠正（失误），浪费了30载的光阴。

Titangus
Good point. I differentiate the last 35 years because it is the period since China made its last fundamental change in leadership and approach summarized by some as the "opening up" of China.

说得对，我之所以区别对待过去的这35年是因为，这段时间中国领导层经历了重要的改变，并总结出了一条改革开放的发展道路。

Mr Zhao
No fundamental change in leadership and approach. They discarded communism in favour of capitalism.
China was much more open pre-1949 compared to now. What is the 'opening up' that you are talking about?

并没有什么改变，他们只是抛弃了共产主义，拥抱资本主义。中国在1949年以前甚至比现在还开放，所以你说的开放是什么？

-------------译者：未树oo-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------
Cdog999999999
Improved exponentially from what? The cultural revolution days of poverty? chinese freedoms have improved? It was a very low bar in the 1970s to begin with.

指数增长来自哪里？贫穷的文革时代？中国人的自由度提高了？还不如说70年代时中国的各方面水平都很低。


Titangus
Sure you are right. The bar was very low in the 70s. But to assess China's evolution you should compare the situation of China at different points in time...not compare it to other countries. So since the early 80s China has made a lot of progress in all the areas I mentioned.

你说得没错。70年代中国的发展水平确实很低。但是对于评定中国的发展，你应该比较中国在不同时间阶段发展的情况……而不是拿中国与其他国家进行横向比较。所以从80年代开始中国在我所提及的各个领域都取得了重大发展。

question?

问题？

At the cost of millions of lives.

百万生命的牺牲为代价。

Titangus
Not sure where you got your numbers...but the life expectancy of Chinese went from 45 years in the 60s to 74 years in recent years (WHO) practically the same as in the US

不确定你从哪里得到的数字……但是根据WHO中国人的预期寿命从在60年代的45岁到近些年的74岁，实际上和美国是一样的。

Cdog999999999
With chinese pollution it's going back down again.

随着中国的污染，它会再次下降。

imm1
It had improved you can't deny it.
No question about it!

你不能否认的是它确实有进步。
这是毫无疑问的！

Roddy Pfeiffer
The life expectancy in the large polluted cities is greater than America.

这个预期寿命值在污染很多的城市仍然比美国高。

-------------译者：卡思-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

imm1
It is a great opportunity for US Investors to clean up the pollutions in China according to Wall Street investor Roger. It takes decades to clean up in his opinion.
We should be open mind to seize opportunity to improve our trade balance with China.

据华尔街投资者罗杰所言，这是美国投资者清理中国污染的
一个极好的机会。他认为需要花费几十年时间去清理。
我们应该开放心态，抓住机遇来改善我们与中国的贸易平衡。

General_Chaos
Perhaps if China is attempting to show it ability to lead a multilateral international order it should start by ceasing its intimidation of it smaller neighbors as it attempts to claim sovereignty of the entire South China Sea while militarizing it.
What one sees when one looks at rhetoric and sexted economic initiatives stands in stark contrast to what one sees when one looks at China's military efforts. I know which one provides me greater clarity.

或许如果中国试图表明它有能力领导一个多边国际秩序，它应该开始停止对那些较小的邻国的恐吓，因为它声称对整个南中国海拥有主权并进行军事化。
人们看到冠冕堂皇的言辞和多方面经济举措时所想到的，与看到中国的军事影响时所想到的形成了鲜明对比。我知道哪一个能让我看得更清楚明白。

-------------译者：naddylee-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

boonteetan
For Chinese historically tianxia is taken to mean the nation excluding other countries. President Xi is more worried about how CCP could rule the country for many more years and how he would stay in power till 2023. Why would he care about an utopian world order that is forever elusive if not illusive.

在中国人的历史观念中，“天下”用于表示自己的国家，不包括其他国家。习更担忧TG如何更长久地去统治这个国家，和自己掌权到2023年。他为何要关心一个不是梦幻泡影，就是永不可达的乌托邦世界秩序。

Mr Zhao
Historically there is no concept of 'nation'.
There were dynasties with emperors and tianxia means personal territory of the emperor.

从历史观念上来讲，没有“国家”的概念。
只有朝代和君主，“天下”表示君主的个人领土。

MD
The Chinese Communist Party wants to build a utopian world and they have plenty of labor camps for anyone who doesn't agree.

TG想建立一个乌托邦世界，对不同意的人，他们有足够的集中营。

peck
"More significantly China argues that it is capable of finding globally beneficial answers to the complex challenges that the world is facing."
Does not sound like the same China that is taking over the entire SCS. What a load of shiz.

“更值得关注的是，中国主张，对世界面临的复杂挑战，找到全体都受益的方案是有可能的。”
听起来跟夺取了整个南海的中国不是同一个国家。好大一堆粪。

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

outer_rl
The problem with old style colonialism was that they killed lots of people. If the old Europeans had only sailed around building ports and cities and living alongside Africans and Asians that would not have been a bad thing. Since that is what the Chinese are doing now I can't criticise that. Corruption is bad but that's the job of the national governments to sort out. It's not the job of the Chinese to end corruption in the countries they are investing in.

老式殖民主义的问题在于他们滥杀无辜。如果当时欧洲人仅仅是去亚非建造港口和城市并与当地人和平共处，那倒不是坏事。因为这就是中国人现在在做的事情，我不会去批评。腐败是不好的，但是这是当地政府应该解决的事情。中国人去这些国家是去投资的，不是去那里打击腐败的。

Mr Zhao
Are you saying it is ok for China to collaborate with corrrupted government leaders so long as she benefits from infrastructure projects even though it may be unneccessary and overpirced by many times?
Is that the Utopia the author was talking about? I thought the British did the same thing with opiates. It was not their responsibility to fight opiate abuses in countries they sold to.

你的意思是说中国可以和腐败政府领导人合作，只要中国可以从基建项目中获利即使这些项目可能是不必要的而且价格过高的？
这就是作者所谈论的乌托邦吗？那英国人之前用鸦片也这么干过。他们也没有责任打击所出售国家的鸦片滥用了。

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Taishanese
The author uses language that is intended to jab at the reader a little bit i.e. "The White Man's Burden" and "Chinese Utopia". Both terms are meant to poke at the reader with one term having more bite than the other depending on what side of the aisle you are on.
However the reality is Western countries have long had a leading influence in the world for the last several centuries. Much of the early influence have included colonialism and later influence the driver of global economic growth.
China's participation in the global order from my perspective is simply an understanding that China will join (or have joined) the Western countries in helping further establish global order. Many in the West won't like it of course but many will welcome it.
In the end China's influence is growing and will join (or rather have joined) the Western countries at the decision table it's as simple as that. And articles like this will always incite debate because there are many anti-China Westerners out there that resent China's growing influence and rise.

作者所使用的语言有意刺激读者，即“白人的负担”和“中国的乌托邦”。这两个词汇都意图刺激读者，分量的轻重就看读者所持的立场了。
然而，现实是西方国家在过去的几百年时间里都对世界产生了绝对的影响力。早期的影响力主要是通过殖民主义，后期的影响力主要是推动全球经济增长。
在我看来，中国对全球秩序的参与仅仅是中国加入（或者说已经加入）西方以帮忙更好的建立全球秩序。当然很多西方人不喜欢这一点，但是同样也有很多西方人表示欢迎。
总而言之，中国的影响力会继续上升，并将加入（其实已经加入）西方家国一起制定政策，就这么简单。而像本文这样的文章总会激起人们的争论，因为存着很多反华的西方人，他们仇恨中国不断增加的影响力和崛起。