为什么中国有这些可疑的“盟友” [美国媒体]

-------------译者：bonjour-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

I generally like China and being a Chinese-American I do feel some pride when I hear of the success and achievements of the Chinese people and at times their government.

总体来说我挺喜欢中国的，作为一名美籍华人，有时我听到中国人民和中国政府的成就时还是能感到一点小骄傲的。

That said I've always struggled to defend China from an international relations perspective. It seems China is always defending North Korea improving relationships with Iran or increasing sales of weapons to African nations with very questionable human rights records.

所以说我经常努力从国际关系的角度为中国说话。中国似乎总是偏袒北朝鲜，跟伊朗打得火热，还向一些人权记录可疑的非洲国家贩卖武器。

To distill the question down why doesn't China become better friends with "the cool kids" of the global stage?

总结一下就是，为什么中国不跟国际舞台上其他“好孩子”交朋友呢？

I've heard it said that China does not want allies and is primarily interested in self-reliance which seems odd given the world we live in (and especially China's reliance on trade). 

我听说中国不想结盟，总体上倾向自立，在我们生活的这个世界上这似乎很奇怪（尤其是考虑到中国对贸易的依赖）。

If not true allies then they could at least develop closer relationships with some nice Nordic countries or Canada I don't know. Nouveau riche Chinese people spend billions on European luxury goods so maybe that would make sense.

如果不是需要真正的盟友，他们至少可以跟一些不错的北欧国家或者加拿大或者其他什么国家发展更亲密的关系。中国暴发户在欧洲花了几十亿购买奢侈品，说明这件事还是行得通的。

Do other countries just not want to be China's friend due to China's own human rights history/questionable government? Saudi Arabia is friends-ish with lots of western countries but doesn't do so great on those things either and China must be at least as vital to the global economy as Saudi Arabia.

其他国家真的不想跟中国做朋友么？仅仅因为中国的人权记录/可疑的政府？沙特阿拉伯跟许多西方国家都是朋友，但是它的人权纪录和政府也不是多好看啊？中国在全球经济里扮演的角色至少跟沙特一样重要啊？

Either China doesn't want better relations: Historical distrust fierce nationalism
Less pressure on censorship democracy human rights Diaoyu etc.
Justifies military/industrial build-up

所以或者是中国不想要建立更好的关系，主要是因为历史的不信任以及强烈的民族主义在作怪，同时在审查，民主，人权以及钓鱼岛问题上可以不用受到外国的压力，同时还能合法化自己的军工产业建设和发展。
 
Or other countries don't want better relations: China is a questionable friend (censorship democracy human rights)

亦或者是其他国家不想和中国建立更好的关系，因为不信任中国，表现在间谍，黑客和知识产权问题上

Don't trust China (spying/hacking/IP)
What's the key part/What am I missing?
(Pardon my ignorance modern international relations is by no means my forte)

哪个是重点/我还忽略了什么？
（抱歉，我对现代国际关系非常无知，这不是我的专长）


-------------译者：bonjour-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

obin Daverman World traveler
Written Dec 19 2014
They don't. 
The problem is with how news come to you. 
A "nice Nordic country" Sweden was the first to recognize China back in 1950. Switzerland recognized China even early. In fact China has friendly relationships with over 170 countries.  Here is a map of countries with diplomatic relationships with China:

他们没有。
问题是新闻是以何种方式向你传达信息的。
一个“不错的北欧国家”瑞典是1950年第一个承认中国的国家。瑞士甚至更早就承认了中国。事实上中国在世界上跟超过170个国家建立了友好关系。这张地图展示了跟中国建立邦交的国家：



China defends North Korea because there are ~ 30000 American soldiers at the border of the two Koreas. It's worried that without North Korea those 30000 American soldiers will be at the Chinese border. China wants to keep the buffer zone between their country and the U.S. Army. The South Koreans know it and that's why while the South Koreans are pointing their guns at North Korea they are also one of the largest trading partners of China.
 
中国保卫北朝鲜是因为有大约30000名美军士兵部署在南北朝鲜边境上。中国担心如果北朝鲜被消灭的话这30000名美军士兵就会开到中国边境。中国希望能够跟美国之间保留一块缓冲区。南朝鲜了解这个情况，这就是为什么南朝鲜在用枪指着北朝鲜的同时成为中国最大的贸易伙伴之一。

As far as EU is concerned China has excellent relationships with EU. EU is China's largest trade partner and China is EU's 2nd largest trading partner. 

对欧盟来说，中国跟它保持着非常好的关系。欧盟是中国最大的贸易伙伴，中国是欧盟第二大贸易伙伴。

What China does not want is to get involved in foreign wars. It still views itself as a developing third-world country with tons of domestic challenges to face. It wants to focus on domestic growth. So it does not take sides in international disputes. For example if the U.S. has a problem with Iran most EU countries will support the U.S. but China will stay out of it and keep friendly relationships with both countries. For example:
North Korea and South Korea are enemies China is friendly to both.
India and Pakistan are hostile to each other China is friendly to both.
Iran and Iraq are enemies China is friendly to both.
Israel and Palestine are enemies China is friendly to both.
US and Cuba are enemies China is friendly to both.
...

中国不想卷入外国的战争。它认为自己仍然是一个第三世界发展中国家，面临着大量国内问题的挑战。它想把注意力集中在国内发展上。所以中国在国际争端中不选边站。比如美国跟伊朗有矛盾时大部分欧盟国家站在美国一边，但是中国会站得远远的，同时跟两个国家保持友好关系。举个例子：
南北朝鲜互为敌人，中国跟它们都是朋友；
伊朗和伊拉克互为敌人，中国跟它们都是朋友；
以色列和巴勒斯坦互为敌人，中国跟它们都是朋友；
美国和古巴互为敌人，中国跟它们都是朋友；
……

If some country does something outrageous China will pay lip service as far as a "condemnation" but that's about it. 
China belongs to the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) which is a bloc of ~ 150 countries that all basically says "we don't want to take sides with major powers". Non-Aligned Movement 
I suggest you read a little bit more about China's international relationships from other sources. Your current news sources seem to be quite skewed.
Source: Foreign relations of Chinawikipedia.org

如果有些国家干了什么粗鲁的事，中国一般会动动嘴发表个“谴责”，但也就这样了。
中国加入了不结盟运动，这一运动有150个国家参与，基本观点就是“我们不想跟主要大国站在一起”。
不结盟运动
我建议你多从其他信息来源读一些关于中国国际关系的知识。你现在的信息来源有点太歪曲。
信息源：Foreign relations of Chinawikipedia.org

-------------译者：bonjour-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Ushnish Sengupta
Ushnish Sengupta28 votes Show
China is NOT a member of the Non-Aligned Movement. It never was and currently has “observer” status only. Also “friendly” is just diplomatic jargon and merely means “we are on talking terms and we do not wish to see each other destroyed/ annexed (or do we?)” it has nothing to do with the colloquial usage of the word.

中国不是不结盟运动的成员。它从来没参加过这个运动，最近也只是扮演“观察员”角色。另外，“友好”只是个外交辞令，意思就是“我跟你说话，我不想看到我们中任意一方被毁灭/吞并（或者我们想看到这事发生么？）”这跟“友好”这个词的口语用法没关系。

John Jelsovsky3 votes Show
China being in the Non-Aligned Movement made a whole lot of sense during the Cold War after their falling out with the USSR. They were basically saying "a pox on both your houses" to the US and USSR and going their own way. But today it seems very strange for them to belong to a grooup that says "we don't want to take sides with major powers" when they ARE a major power. Depending on the criteria you use and whether you consider the EU as a single power or multiple ones China falls somewhere within the top 4 powers in the world by any reasonable measure and by at least some measures as THE top power.

在冷战期间中国跟苏联闹翻之后，中国加入不结盟运动是非常合理的。中国基本就是同时对美苏诅咒“愿瘟疫降临到你们俩头上”然后自己走自己的路。但是今天奇怪的是它已经成为一个主要大国之后却还属于这个“我们不想站在主要大国一边”的组织。根据你的标准，以及你究竟认为欧盟是一个统一的势力还是组合的势力，以任何合理的标准来衡量，中国都是世界前四名的强权，根据某些标准来看中国甚至是世界第一的强权。

-------------译者：bonjour-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Rajesh Kumar24 votes Show
I have to disagree with one point "China is friendly to India and Pakistan" - this is wrong. China is more friendly and helpful to Pakistan than India. India currently has two major border disputes with China and went to war against China in 1962. 
India is China's competitor and to some extent a rival. While China may have a larger economy India now has stepped on the growth pedal and recently over took China in gdp growth. 
China has two ally-like nations - Russia and Pakistan. As it grows bigger and stronger you will definitely see it rise upto the U.S. and start gathering allies to change the world order.

我不能同意“中国跟印度和巴基斯坦保持友好关系”——这是错的。中国对巴基斯坦比对印度更友好更有帮助。印度最近跟中国有两次主要的边境冲突，在1962年还跟中国打过一仗。
印度是中国的竞争者，从某种程度上说是对手。当中国有了庞大的经济体量时印度已经加快了经济发展的步伐，并且最近已经超过了中国的GDP增速。
中国跟两个国家有类似盟友的关系——俄罗斯和巴基斯坦。等中国更加强大之后你肯定会看到它会直面美国并且广交盟友来改变世界秩序。

Mike Smith41 votes Show
Being "recognized" and/or "friendly" are hardly the same things as being "allies".  The US for instance recognizes and is "friendly" with China.  The US are *allied* with Canada the UK France Germany Japan etc.  There's a big difference.

被“承认”和/或“友好”很难说就是成为了“盟友”。例如美国承认并且跟中国“友好”。美国和加拿大、英国、法国、德国及日本等国是“盟友”。这区别可大了。

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Richard Naumann23 votes Show
The only thing I would add to Robin Daverman's comment is that China needs stability in North Korea to avoid a mass migration of North Koreans into China.

我会在Robin Daverman的评论中加上一句：为了避免大量的朝鲜难民涌入中国境内，中国希望朝鲜半岛的局势保持稳定。

Ishaan Singh4 votes Show
Doesn’t seem you know a lot about international relations. Iran and Iraq aren’t enemies and China isn’t friendly to India and neither do China and EU share excellent relations. China is the second largest economy a permanent member of the UNSC and maintains a capable stockpile of nuclear warheads and delivery weapons and it is by them that China enjoys the status that she does not because of their friendships all over the world. While trade is a factor it’s not as important as you seem to be making it.

看上去你不太了解国际关系。伊朗和伊拉克不是敌人，中国对印度不友好，中国和欧盟的关系也不太行。中国是第二大经济体，同时也是联合国的常任理事国之一，有维护和发射核武器的能力，是这些因素而不是与世界各国建立的友谊让中国拥有目前的地位。贸易这个因素并没有你想象的那么重要

-------------译者：fdv-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Somnath Mishra5 votes Show
China isn’t friendly at all to India it is friendly to Pakistan and funds Pakistan’s terrorist activities. India and China are more of enemies who know a fight will destroy both and thus try to avoid any sort of conflict.

中国对印度一点都不友好。但中国对 巴基斯坦很友好，还自助了巴基斯坦的恐怖活动。印度和中国更象是敌人，但双方都清楚战争会两败俱伤，所以都在极力避免产生冲突。

Lance Shim13 votes Show
I think the reference to “allies” is only in respect to war or military distrust. WW1 and WW2 was fought on a grand scale because of allies ganging up to take advantage of a incident. China does not want to join in any ganging up because it would pull them into a war. What they really want is trade and infrastructure developement. War is incomparable to trade and ID. One reason they are getting rich so fast is because they are not fighting any wars.

我认为'盟友'仅仅涉及到战争或军事信任。一战和二战有如此大的规模是同盟国合伙利用意外事件的结果。中国并不想结成任何联盟，因为这会把她推向战争。中国真正需要的是贸易和基建发展。战争同贸易和基建发展是没法比的。中国如此快的富裕起来的一个原因就是他们从不打仗。

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Piers Sutton
Nice answer though completely misses the point about U.S. troops stationed in North Korea. Without North Korea it is nearly certain that unless China made some threatening gestures toward a unified Korea they would leave in a matter of a few years. They are there to defend South Korea from North Korea so without North Korea their mission doesn’t exist. I should add also that their mission in defending the south from the north does not mean they are expected to repel an invasion / attack of South Korea. They are expected to take very heavy casualties which is then the reason for the U.S. military at large immediately coming to the aid of South Korea.

答的好，但是对于美军驻扎朝鲜这一点不得要领。没有朝鲜的话，几乎可以确定美军在几年时间里就会离开朝鲜半岛除非中国对一个统一的朝鲜做出危险的动作。美军驻扎在韩国就是为了保护他们不受朝鲜的侵略。所以如果朝鲜不存在的话，任务也就不存在了。 当然，帮助韩国抵御朝鲜的入侵并不意味着期望美军要击退朝鲜（评论人写的是韩国）的入侵。美军在韩国遭受重大伤亡的时候帮助韩国就行了。

Ankit Shrivastava (अंकित श्रीवास्तव)1 vote by Abhijit Shah
China and India are not friends by any definition of friendship. Depending on the issue their relationship ranges from neutrality to hostility

从任何友谊的定义来看中印都不是朋友。中印关系有中性的也有对抗的，这要看具体议题是什么。

-------------译者：daisygowet-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Lucas Karl Hahn16 votes Show
That's quite an elastic definition of "friendly".

这个“友好”的定义可是相当有弹性啊。

Mamin Fardo6 votes Show
Iran and Iraq are not enemies for at least 15 years. Cuba and American are no longer enemies either.

伊朗和伊拉克的敌对已经结束了至少15年了。古巴和美国也不再是敌人了。

Isaac Mao1 vote by Ian Aldrighetti
Friendly to both angel and devil? Chinese people don't think so sorry.

对天使和魔鬼都很友好？抱歉，中国人可不这么认为。

Bryce Emantsal
Where'd you get that map from?

你的地图从哪来的？

Caroline Glass2 votes Show
I find it interesting that they are happy to be friends with both North Korea and South Korea  and both Israel and Palestine but they won't let other countries be friends with both them and Taiwan.

我觉得挺有趣的地方在于他们能和韩国、朝鲜同时保持着友好关系，还有以色列和巴勒斯坦，但是他们不让别的国家在与他们保持友好关系的同时还交好台湾。

-------------译者：bonjour-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Cameron Janati1 vote by Abhijit Shah
Yes Sweden and other countries recognized China as they would do with many other countries but that was long time agobefore we learned what China really stands for I think we can say that we have seen true face of China they simply want to take the whole world if you let them. mark my word as soon as China lands a man on the Moon they will claim it belongs to them and they will site some silly old Chinese story to back it up!

是的，瑞典和其他国家承认了中国，就像它们会承认其他国家一样。但是很久以前了，那时我们还不知道中国真正的立场。我想我们可以说现在我们看到中国的真面目了。他们就是想占领整个世界。记住我的话，等中国把人送到月球上他们马上就会宣布对月球有主权，还会找些愚蠢的古代故事宣称“自古以来”！

Kenneth Lai2 votes Show
I was talking to a Pakistani man 2 years back about relation with China/Pakistan.  He said that Pakistan is willing to trade with China.  And he implies Pakistan seek China as an ally desperately since Pakistan's neighbours are frequently at war with each other.
He seems to think that Pakistan is having a hard time to maintain a balance of friendship between the middle east countries.  That's why he said although Pakistan has harbours for trade.  But if there is a railroad system between Pakistan and China would benefit a whole lot.

我在两年前曾经跟一个巴基斯坦人谈论过中巴关系。他说巴基斯坦愿意跟中国贸易。他暗示巴基斯坦拼命想跟中国做盟友，因为巴基斯坦的邻居经常跟他们开战。
他似乎认为巴基斯坦现在很难跟中东国家之间保持平衡的友好关系。这就是为什么他说尽管现在有港口可以用来贸易，他还是希望能够有一条连接中巴的铁路，这样会带来更大的好处。

-------------译者：bonjour-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Kiran Kumar
China friend of India?? you must be Kidding. China is supporting Pakistans terror attack on India so that it can build its prized highway thru Kashmir state. India knows it and does not trust China.

中国是印度的朋友？你真会开玩笑。中国支持巴基斯坦恐怖分子袭击印度，所以它可以在克什米尔地区修建重要的高速公路。印度明白这一切，所以印度不相信中国。

Peter Crawford1 vote by Abhijit Shah
The author overlooks China’s close relations with the repressive dictatorship in Laos not to mention the military junta that ruled Burma/Myanmar for decades. And dont forget who propped up the Khmer Rouge as they massacred millions of their subjects. A scarred history indeed.

作者没看到中国跟老挝的独裁者保持紧密关系，更不用说中国已经跟缅甸的军政府交好几十年了。不要忘记是谁给屠杀了几百万人民的红色高棉撑腰的。真是恐怖的历史。

Ben Bradfield
Having diplomatic relations isn't the same thing as an alliance by any academic standard but good effort.

有邦交关系跟任何理论标准定义的联盟不是一回事，那要靠好好努力。

Ken Harvey4 votes Show
You seem to not under the definition of the word "allies".  But the 50-centers all love your answer.

你似乎没有理解“盟友”的定义。不过那些五毛们会爱死你的答案的。

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PUJUN CHANG2 votes Show
It is so hard for u to talk some blind people who believe the whole world is just blackmost them never been China just rely on their “reasonable” source which was filtered by the us media to say China is evil why not? it save the strength and make them happy who care the truth…they only believe what they think

真是辛苦你跟那些睁眼瞎的人讨论中国，他们就相信世界是黑暗的。他们中大部分都没去过中国，只是相信那些“有理”的信息来源来说中国是不是邪恶的国家，这些信息来源都被美国媒体过滤了！看这些新闻很省力，也会让他们高兴，谁关心真相究竟是怎样的……他们只相信他们相信的。

Cyrus Cheung3 votes Show
'those 30000 American soldiers will be at the Chinese border. '
They wouldnt be and the CCP knows this.

“这30000名美军士兵会开到中国边境”
他们不会去的，中国共产党知道的。

Taylor Barnette3 votes Show
Poor answer if an answer at all. The question was about allies. China has few at this point.

这都是些什么回答。问题是关于盟友的。中国几乎没有盟友。

Jimmy Green
China’s actions in the South China Sea is rapidly changing the face of their “Allies”. If China is such a great place why are people with money doing their best to leave and come to the United States? There is a difference between a county having diplomatic relations and a country having allies. I cannot think of one true ally China has.

中国在南中国海的行动迅速改变了他们的“盟友”的表情。如果中国真是个伟大的国家为什么有钱的中国人都挤破头地往美国跑呢？有外交关系的国家跟有盟友的国家是不同的。我想不到中国会有什么真正的盟友。

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J.isaac Rajasekaran2 votes Show
The so called India's intelligentsia never get tired of eulogizing China irrespective of it being blatantly anti India in all major issues. The only aspect for which the Chinese trust India now isthat we are the largest market for their substandard produce of mobile phones.

印度所谓的知识分子从来都不知疲倦地赞美中国，不顾它在所有重大问题上都公开反对印度。现在中国相信印度的唯一原因是我们现在是中国粗制滥造的手机的最大市场。

Chandravadan Trivedi3 votes Show
China belonging to NAM? - what crazy stuff.

中国加入了不结盟运动？——多疯狂的事啊。

SUN Xiang Yu
Actually I think the reason why China would defend North Korean regime is that we can't imagine like half a million refugees of war who have been systematically trained with military skills flooding across China’s border. There was some news saying that defected DPRK soldiers killed Northeastern Chinese villagers near the border.

其实我认为中国保卫北朝鲜政权的原因是我们无法想象如何应对超过五十万受过系统作战训练的难民涌入中国。有些新闻说叛逃的北朝鲜士兵杀害了一些中国东北边境的村民。

Maximillian Adrian
I think China is not that always a friendly diplomacy. Exceptional is Japan I think. But thats a complicated case in east asia region.
I think it's from the WW2 history. But as I didn't research on this I also not sure how their each other view on this.
Some similiarly asian countries like China and Japan or India and Pakistan or Indonesia and Malaysia etc are somehow dislike each other and compete each other. Even though they are 'similiar'..

我觉得中国不总是个友好的国家。我认为中国对日本就是个例外。但那是个东亚地区的复杂例子。
我认为这来自于二战历史。但因为我没有研究过这段历史，我不确定它们是如何看待对方的。
有些相似的亚洲国家，例如中国和日本，或者印度和巴基斯坦，或者印度尼西亚和马来西亚等等，不是很喜欢对方，并且会跟对方竞争。即使它们很“相似”。