你国家最可耻的历史篇章是哪一个？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：好烦啊要取名字-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The period of which you and your countrymen are the most ashamed. For India I guess we are ashamed of our partition Destroying places of worships because they were not of our faith Using army and violence to curb the dissent. We are slightly ashamed of what our ancestors did to each other during that episode. Germans might be ashamed of the Nazi period. So stuff like that. What do you consider to be the lowest point in your country's history morally speaking?

你和你的国家最不光彩的那段。对印度来说，我觉得我对我们的分裂感到可耻，因为信仰不同就摧毁别人的宗教场所，或者用军队和暴力来镇压异见者。我们对我们祖先在那段时期的相互残忍对待感到些许难为情。类似这样的例子，你认为在你国家的历史上最背德的那段儿是什么？

upxe:
To be clear mention an incident where your country/countrymen/govt committed the shameful act ie your country was the perpetrator. You can also mention the cases where both perpetrators as well as victims belonged to your country. But don't mention incidents where the perpetrators are from other countries and only victims are from your country. That is not the intent of this question.

说说你的国家/国人/政府所犯下的可耻行为，即犯罪者是你的国家。你也可以说说犯罪者和受害者都来自你国家的事件。但别去说别国干的事儿和受害人只是来自你的国家的事儿。这不是这儿的重点。

PS:
Please mention the country name!

PS：
带上你国家的名字！


-------------译者：graper2010-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Priya Swaminathan A Herbivore.
Written May 26 2016
Odisha India:

印度奥里萨邦

Graham Staines an Australian Christian missionary had been living in Odisha since 1965. His entire family - His wife daughter and two sons lived in India with him . They established the Mayurbhanj Leprosy Home to cure the lepers in the remote tribal area.

Graham Staines是澳大利亚基督教传教士，从1965年就住在奥里萨邦，他的整个家庭-妻子女儿和两个儿子都和他住在印度。他们建了一个Mayurbhanj麻风病康复中心用于治疗偏远部落地区的麻风病人。



On the night of 22nd January 1999 Graham and his sons were sleeping inside their wagon in the jungles of Manoharpur. Their wagon was set on fire while they were fast asleep and were burnt alive. This included Graham's sons aged 10 and 6.When one of them tried to escape the armed mob prevented him from doing so.

在1999年一月22号晚上，Graham和他的两个儿子正睡在他们停在Manoharpur丛林的车中。在熟睡中，他们的车子被人为纵火，三人被活活烧死。；两个儿子一个10岁一个六岁。他们中有曾一个试图逃脱但被暴徒阻止了。

Reason - They were alleged to have forcefully converted Hindus to Christianity.

原因-他们被宣称在说服印度教徒转为基督教徒



His wife Gladys and his daughter were in a different city when this happened.

当这些发生时，他的妻子Gladys和他的女儿在另一个城市。

Gladys stayed back in India with her daughter even after this incident and continued the service. She was awarded Padma Shri and Mother Teresa Memorial award for her service.

Gladys在事件发生后和她的女儿依旧留在印度并继续服务。因为她的贡献，她被授予卓越贡献奖和特蕾莎修女纪念奖。



-------------译者：becky.kai-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Klaus Rubrecht would like to understand where we come from.
upxed Sep 12
Belgium.
When I was still an innocent little 8-year old we learned about all the Belgian kings in school. How proud we were to learn about Leopold II our king that got us a colony of our own. The Congos an area full of natural riches with a size croughly 76 times that of our own dear country!

当我还是个懵懂的8岁孩童，在学校学习了所有的比利时国王。以学习给我们打出殖民地的国王利奥波德二世为荣。刚果是个富饶之地，面积是我们心爱国家的76倍！

It was only later on I learned what a despicable part of our history it was. Pure exploitation.

直到后来我才直到这段历史有多卑劣，纯粹的剥削。

Congo Free State started of in fact as the personal empire of Leopold II who desperately craved an empire. He managed to lay claim on a big chunk of central Africa explored by Henry Morton Stanley (who famously met David Livingstone there) by careful politics and negotiation at the Berlin Conference.

刚果自由邦刚开始时是十分渴望成为帝王的利奥波德二世的私人帝国。在柏林会议上，他通过精心的政治手段和协商成功的对亨利·莫顿·史丹利（闻名于与大卫·利文斯通的会面）探索过的非洲中部的一大块地提出了所有权。

 -------------译者：好烦啊要取名字-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

At first it was a money draining operation but King Leopold II was able to turn this around by brutally exploiting and enslaving the native population. People were put to hard work on rubber farms in a violently oppressive system. If leaders of the farms did not manage to attain some unreasonable quota they had show that they 'punished their workers enough' by providing the man higher up the ladder with a number of chopped of hands. This became common practice and the hands even became a kind of currency in the trading system.

起初，整个的运作非常的耗钱，但是国王利奥波德二世成功的通过残忍的剥削和奴役当地人而扭转了局面。人们被送到暴力镇压体系下的橡胶农场辛苦工作。如果农场领导没能实现不合理的配额目标，他们必须展示一定数量的一堆手来显示他们对工人进行了足够的惩罚。这成为了普遍的做法甚至剁下来的手成为了交易系统的一种通货.



It is difficult to estimate how many people lost their lives due to the starvation murders and mutilation but figures range from 3 million to 20 million and are still a topic of much debate even today.

很难估计多少人因为饥饿、谋杀和残害而丧命而直到今天为止关于这个数字的范围从三百万到两千万都还是一个争议话题

Leopold invested a lot of the wealth back in to Belgian infrastructure. The Cinquantenaire park is one example:

利奥波德回馈大量的财富修建比利时的基础设施，五十周年纪念公园是其中之一：



-------------译者：黑色艺术-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

I think this is one of the reasons people still celebrate 'the greatness' of this king.

部分说明了为何还有人仍在赞颂这位国王的“伟大”。

The situation in Congo was brought under the spotlight by E. D. Morel who was in turn inspired by a famous novel Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad . Under the pressure of the international community Leopold II gave over the control of the Congos to the Belgium government. What a testament to writing that is!

收到了《黑暗之心》的启发与鼓舞，E.D.莫雷尔将刚果的真实情况展现在大众的目光之下。由此引发的来自国际社会的压力让利奥波德二世把刚果的控制权交由比利时政府。好一份遗产！

注：①E.D.Morel： 着名记者、作家，和平主义者。曾成立“刚果改革协会”揭发利奥波德二世的暴政。
      ②《黑暗之心》：约瑟夫·康拉德所着小说，描述了在非洲大陆上殖民者所作所为的丑恶。

The situation ameliorated under Belgian rule but remained dire for decades.

在比利时政府的控制下，情况稍有改善，但仍然悲惨，并持续了数十年。

Unfortunately many Belgians are not really aware of the magnitude and scale of this genocide and his statue is still standing proudly on many parks and squares in our tiny country. Like this one below:

不幸的是，大多数比利时人根本不了解这一场大屠杀的规模庞大。利奥波德二世的塑像仍然骄傲地伫立在我们这个小小的国家的众多公园、广场上。像下面这个：



If you look closely however you'll see that some activist has chopped of the hands of the guy at the left. In his words: "To make the statue more closely resemble true historical reality."

如果你仔细观察的话，就能看到左边的一个家伙的手被某个愤青切掉了，“为了让雕像更贴近史实”，他说。

-------------译者：黑色艺术-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Luckily nowadays things are a lot better.

好在近来事态有所好转。

The Belgian Prince Emmanuel de Merode is the director of the Virunga National Park in the DRC and a fierce protector of the wildlife there a great example of how one should actually lead.

比利时王子Emmanuel de Merode就为我们树立了一个榜样。他是刚果民主共和国（DRC）维龙加国家公园的主管，也是坚定的野生动物保护者。

We should never forget the dark parts of our history and must keep on acknowledging that Belgium held back the development of this region for decades. This means teaching our kids also the dark parts of our history.

我们永远不该遗忘我们历史中的阴暗一面，要承认是比利时让这个地区的发展落后长达数十年。要让我们的后代知道这一点。

We must also keep fighting the oppression and exploitation that is still a reality in this region today. This is the least we can do as a country because we are forever indebted to this beautiful region who enriched us with so much of its treasures.

我们同时也要继续向仍未从这里消失的压迫与剥削抗争。我们受这个美丽国度的恩惠，由她丰富的瑰藏所滋养，团结在一起作为一个国家来奋斗，是我们力所能及的报答。

-------------译者：布拉格鸽子蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



(Ishango bone)

（伊尚戈骨头）（译者注：伊尚戈骨头发现于非洲乌干达与扎伊尔交界处的伊尚戈村，骨头上面的刻符为公元前8500年的作品。）

EDIT:
The local government of Ostend the city where the statue is located announced today (9/11/2016) that they are going to change the text on the plaque near the statue because is taken away quite often by activists. The text is now going to include a small 
reference to the colonial period of Leopold II (freely translated from Dutch):

编辑：
雕像坐落在奥斯坦德市，当地政府今日（2016年9月11日）宣称他们要更改雕像旁边牌匾上的文字，因为它经常被激进分子拿走。新文本将略参照利奥波德二世殖民时期。（从荷兰语随意翻过来的）
…

Not only the colonial symbolism of the monument but also the conducted colonial politics create great controversy even to this day. The hand of one of the slaves that was chopped of in 2004 is a silent witness of that fact.

纪念碑不仅仅是个殖民象征，即使在今天，其实施的殖民政治也存在着巨大的争议。2004年一只被砍下的奴隶的手就是这一事实的无声见证。

-------------译者：黑盒子-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Alex J. Pizarro Fascinated and repulsed by history.
upxed Jun 11 2016
For Mexico I will say The Cristero War. Over 250000 were killed and other 250000 fled from the country. Citizens from both sides lost their lives due to resistance of changes after the revolution.

对于墨西哥，我会说到克里斯特罗战争。在这场战争中超过250000人被杀，另有250000人逃离这个国家。由于革命后的对抗，两方人民都失去了生命。

Mexico for the most part has always been a Catholic country. Even tooday 85% of the people declare themselves as Catholic Catholicism was first brought from the Spanish during the Conquista of Mexico.

墨西哥很大部分可以说一直是天主教国家。甚至今天85%的墨西哥人宣称自己是天主教徒。天主教在征服墨西哥时期从西班牙传来。

Before the revolution the constitution of 1857 stated that Catholicism “shall the be the only religion of the country”. After the Mexican Revolution of 1910–1920 several revolutionaries wished to restrict and even suppress the political influence of the Catholic church from the government of Mexico and repeal Catholicism as the national religion.

在革命之前，1857年的宪法规定天主教“是国家唯一的宗教”。1910-1920年的墨西哥革命后，一些革命者希望限制甚至压制天主教会对政府的政治影响，并废除天主教作为国家宗教的地位。

 -------------译者：渣渣的喵-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The new constitution of 1917 was adopted which indeed restricted the power of the Catholic church in the law and in the government. President Plutarco Elías Calles was among the individuals that radically believed in this doctrine. He worked to suppress several Catholic meetings.
For many politicians this was a traditional way of getting into office. And now it just came to an end. For citizens this was a massive suppression on their freedom of religion. Regardless of their view bloodshed began to start.

新宪法1917年被通过，当时的总统普鲁塔克个人完全认同这个做法的，他本人也曾镇压过几次天主教会议。政府的镇压行动严重限制了墨西哥天主教会的自由，法律禁止公开宣讲宗教，并驱逐外国教士。对许多政治家来说，这种做法只是将宗教势力从他们的办公桌上赶了下来。但是对于普通平民来说，这是对他们的私人生活和宗教自由的一次巨大压制。不管他们的看法如何，流血的战争开始了。（摘自搜狐）





As you can see The federal Army targeted several priests and members of the clergy without warranted arrests and most of them were executed. The second picture is a Priest named Miguel Pro who is one of the most known victims of the Cristero War. Persecutions of Catholics also happened the government assuming that any catholic would most likely be a Cristero. Killings and massacres inside churches while having mass were common for this time period.

正如你所看到的，政府军队有针对性的对牧师和他们的成员展开了逮捕，他们中的大多数被处决，其中包括后来被封为圣徒的六名神父。第二张照片是一个叫米格尔亲的牧师，他是克里斯特罗战争受害者中最着名的一个。迫害普通天主教徒的事件也发生过，政府认为天主教会最有影响力的地区是在克里斯特罗。所以军队大举进驻该地区，为了达到最终目的，政府开始选择在教堂屠杀教徒，这种做法在那一段时期是很常见的事。（摘自搜狐）

-------------译者：渣渣的喵-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



The Cristeros also forced many children to be soldiers giving them bullets and armed guns just like the adults. Several parents forced their children to go fight just like their fathers. Some of the poor creatures had the misfortune to be in the middle of a riot only to be mistakenly shot by federal forces.
The Cristero War is a part of the modern political carelessness that has haunted Mexico after the revolution. It is usually recorded as the very end of the Mexican revolution even though the war had already ended by then. It was the mark of a country that moved to modernity and where its policy on politics changed lives had to be sacrificed.
No matter the purpose. War is a war. It never ends well neither during and after.

在这场战争为了免于宗教迫害，一些家长强迫他们的孩子像他们的父亲一样去打仗，许多儿童像成年人一样装备了的枪支和子弹。这些可怜的孩子在随后的战争中成了联邦军队的受害者。
革命战争胜利后的墨西哥革命制度党一直统治着墨西哥，直到20世纪末墨西哥才首次实现政党轮替。所以克里斯特罗战争这个墨西哥历史中的污点一直没有太多的资料可查询。在大多数的记录中它通常被记录为墨西哥反独裁革命结束的标志事件而一笔带过。
我们无疑去争论当初挑动这场战争的人究竟是出于何种目的，但是生活不该是政治的牺牲品。战争就是战争，它只会带来无辜的牺牲。（摘自搜狐）