皮肤癌治愈新闻：个体化疫苗在实验中的结果展现出良好的前景 [美国媒体]

Skin Cancer Cure News: Personalized Vaccines Show Promising Results in Trials

皮肤癌治愈新闻：个体化疫苗在实验中的结果展现出良好的前景



Two experimental studies on vaccines for skin cancer cure showed promising results. 

2项对于皮肤癌的疫苗实验研究结果展现出了良好的前景。

The treatment used in the small-scale trials have been personalized or specifically tailor-made to match the patient's cancer mutations.

在本次小规模实验中，使用的是个体化的或更确切地说是按照病人的癌症变异而量身定制的疗法。

Both trials' initial results were published in the Nature journal on July 5. 

这两个实验的最初结果都在7月5日刊登在了《自然》杂志上。

The studies on personalized vaccines that target the body's neoantigens are groundbreaking endeavors in the field of medicine and cancer cure.

本次以身体的新抗原为目标的个体化疫苗研究，在医学和癌症治愈领域是一次开创性的尝试。

Cancer treatments like chemotherapy kill both healthy and cancer cells, which result in severe side effects for the patients. 

癌症的疗法比如化疗，会敌我不分地同时杀死健康细胞和癌细胞，这对病人会造成相当严重的副作用。

By targeting the neoantigens or mutations using a personalized vaccine, however, cancer cure can be safer and "consistently immunogenic," according to the study authors.

本次研究的作者称，通过以新抗原和变异为目标，使用个体化疫苗的方式，可以让癌症治愈变得更加安全并“产生持续性的免疫”。

The first trial involved looking into the patients' molecule ribonucleic acid (RNA). 

第一次实验包括调查病人的核糖核酸分子（RNA）。

Some 13 people with stage 3 or 4 melanoma were vaccinated and observed for a period of two years. 

实验中有13名黑色素瘤第3或第4阶段的患者接种了疫苗，并被观察了2天时间。

Of these patients, five relapsed while one fully responded well and remained free of the disease during the course of the study.

其中的5名患者依然旧病复发，而1名患者反应良好，并在整个研究阶段完没有再患过该疾病。

The rest of the patients showed partial and promising response to the vaccine.

而其余患者对疫苗的反应也部分地展现出了良好的前景。

The second trial involved targeting protein molecules. 

第二次实验的内容以蛋白质分子为对象。

Six patients were vaccinated seven times after their surgery. 

6名患者在手术后被注射了7次疫苗。

Four of the patients with stage 3 melanoma showed no signs of relapse after 25 months. 

在25个月之后，其中的4名黑色素瘤第3阶段的患者并没有再表现出旧病复发的迹象。

The other two patients with stage 4 melanoma had a relapse despite their bodies responding well to the vaccines.

剩余的2名黑色素瘤第4阶段的患者，尽管他们的身体对疫苗的反应良好，但还是旧病复发了。

The experts, however, cannot conclude that the vaccine is 100 percent effective for now. 

而专家认为，目前还不能断言该疫苗的100%有效。

"The number of patients who were treated is low, so there is certainly a likelihood that these patients would have stayed cancer-free without vaccine," co-study author Patrick Ott said. 

本研究的共同作者，帕特里克·欧特（Patrick Ott）说：“被治疗的病人基数还太少，当然这些病人在没有疫苗的情况下不再得癌症的可能性还是存在的。”

The experts want to purse the study in a larger scale to determine the viability of personalized vaccines.

专家们希望将该研究的规模扩大，以确定个体化疫苗的可行性。

Dr. Catherine Pickworth of the Cancer Research UK agreed that the study should be expanded in order to see if the vaccines could replace current treatments. 

英国癌症研究中心的医生凯瑟琳·皮克沃思（Catherine Pickworth）认为，应该扩大该研究的规模以检验该疫苗是否能够代替目前的治疗方法。

A bigger trial will also help researchers learn about the vaccines' long-term effects.

此外规模更大的实验也可以帮助研究者研究该疫苗的长期效果。