[ 美国 CNN ]中国投资新意向国——埃及 [美国媒体]

Egypt is getting a new capital - courtesy of China

中国投资新意向国——埃及

By Kieron Monks, for CNN Updated 0725 GMT(1525 HKT) October 10, 2016


 
Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject to replaceCairo
Grand vision – Model of the new capital on display during theannouncement of the project in Sharm el Sheikh.

宏伟远景——沙姆沙伊赫（注：埃及西奈省滨海城市）宣布建设新的投资项目



Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject toreplace Cairo
New home – The as yet unnamed new capital -rendered by architect firm SOM - would be the new seat of government andprovide housing for five million people.

新的家园——这还是一个尚未命名的新都市，该图由SOM建筑事务所制作渲染，政府新坐落地，可解决5百万人居住问题。


 
Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject toreplace Cairo
Rivers to cross – The Egyptian government expects the city to be ready forresidents within five years, with the help of over $30 billion of Chineseinvestment.

城中河流横穿——埃及政府预计在中国300亿美元的大力投资下，该市将在五年内为居民做好准备。



Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject toreplace Cairo
Breaking the gridlock – Part of the reasonfor the new city is the anticipated population growth and congestion in Cairo,which is already famous for its traffic problems.

打破交通禁锢——新城市所面临的部分原因是开罗人口的增长与交通拥挤。


 
Future city – There are many eye-catchingproposals for the new city, including an innovation district, smart village andindustrial zones.

未来之城——新城市的许多功能让人注目，比如开发区，智慧村落和工业区。



Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject toreplace Cairo
Power hub – The government district,rendered here, will be constructed in phase I of the project, along withresidential blocks.

权力中心——首期项目将新建政府（建筑）区并附带一处住宅小区


 
Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject toreplace Cairo
Global capital – The city will alsofeature a high-tech international airport. Housing Minister Mostafa Madbouly says it will be a "global capital."

全球金融中心——该城市将拥有一处高科技国际机场。住建部长Mostafa Madbouly表示，这里将成为一个“全球金融中心”


 
Photos: Mutli-billion megaproject toreplace Cairo
Worst case scenario – But there are fearsthat the new capital could suffer the same fate as satellite towns such as 'NewCairo,' afflicted by low occupancy despite high investment.

最坏的情形——有人担心，新首都可能会遇到类似像卫星城“新开罗”那样的命运，既虽吸引大量投资但入住率较低。

(CNN)Egypt's newcapital city moved a step closer to reality with the announcement that Chinesedevelopers will largely fund the megaproject.

埃及距新首都的建成又近了一步，因为中国开发商在该项目上倾注了大部分资金。

The ChinaFortune Land Development Company (CFLD) agreed to provide $20 billion for thecurrently unnamed city, after a meeting between heads of the firm and EgyptianPresident Abdel Fattah El Sisi.

中国财富地产开发公司（CFLD）与埃及总统阿卜杜拉法塔赫塞西在进行首脑会员后，同意向这座目前暂未命名的城市注入200亿美元资金。

This follows aprevious commitment of $15 billion from another Chinese state-owned company,bringing the project close to its $45 billion budget requirements for phase I.

加上之前另一家中国企业的150亿美元的投资承诺，使该城市建设预算资金达450亿美元。

Plans for thenew capital were first announced in March 2015. Government officials describedthe development as a solution to crowding, pollution and rising house prices inCairo.

2015年首次公布新建首都计划。政府官员表示新首都可缓解开罗城市拥堵、环境污染及房价上涨问题。

"Cairo Capital is a momentous endeavor to build national spirit,foster consensus, provide for long-term sustainable growth," said theproject website. "(The)new city will create more places to live, work and visit."

该项目网站介绍说到“‘开罗资金’将努力打造民族精神，培育共识，致力于可长期、持续增长，”。“新城市将创造更多的居住，工作和旅游环境。”


 
Model of the newcity on display in Sharm El Sheikh.

沙姆沙伊赫展出的城市规划模型

Under construction

正在兴建中

The 700 squarekilometer city to be constructed in the desert to the East of Cairo wouldbecome the new seat of government, and it is presented as a far grander visionthan the current capital.

新首都将建在开罗东部700平方公里的沙漠地带，竣工之后的景观将比现在的首都更为壮观。

Proposals for the city include housing for five millionpeople, over 1,000 mosques, smart villages, industrial zones, a 5,000-seatconference center, and the world's largest park.

新城市将包括：五百万人的住房，超过1000座清真寺，智慧村落，工业区，一个可容纳5000人的会议中心，还有世界上最大的公园。

Interest in theproject has been brisk. An Indian company is reportedlyplanning a vast medical center and university, while a Saudi firm intends tobuild a 12.6 hectare mosque and Islamic museum.

一些公司对参与该工程的也愈加感兴趣。（比如）印度一家公司正筹划建一座庞大的医疗中心和大学，而沙特公司打算建一座有12.6公顷的清真寺和伊斯兰博物馆。

Construction isalready under way. According to Egypt's Al-Ahramnewspaper, engineers have begun work on infrastructure includingbridges and 210 kilometers of roads.

目前建设已经开始，据埃及金字塔报报道，工程师们已开始建设约210公里长包括公路桥的公路基础设施。

The first phaseof the project will see government ministries and residential blocks rise fromthe sand. This phase could be complete within five years, with the firstresidents moving in.

政府部门和住宅小区将在该工程第一阶段建设完毕。该阶段将在五年内完成，并完成迁移工作。



Ghost town?

鬼城？

Despite theoptimism from officials, there are concerns that the project will encounterfamiliar problems. Egypt has already constructed several satellite towns aroundCairo, which have registered low occupancy despite high investment.

尽管官方乐观，但仍有人担心该项目会遇到波折。比如埃及已在开罗周边建造了好几个卫星城，投资庞大但入住率较低。

Abandoned architectural marvels inChina's largest ghost town

（遭遗弃的中国最大“鬼城”）

"The needsof Cairo should be met by the existing eight new towns around it," saysDavid Sims, an urban planner and author based in the Cairo. "But peoplecall them ghost towns."

“开罗周边有8个新城，可人们称之他们为鬼城”，开罗城市规划师、作家，大卫西姆斯说到。

The satellitesrepeated the same mistakes, says Sims, which are also likely to affect the newcapital.

西姆斯表示，这些卫星城正犯着相同的错误，可能会对对新首都造成影响。

"The newtowns produced housing that is unaffordable, unobtainable and inaccessible forthe majority of Cairo's inhabitants," says Sims. "The new towns werebuilt with a high modernist approach that did not allow the informalenterprises and activities that most Egyptians rely on."

“新城中的住房无人消费得起，大多开锁百姓买不到，住不进去，”西姆斯说。”这里建设的是一个高度现代化的新城镇，不会让多数埃及人通过非正规企业形式进行活动。”


 
A street ofindividually owned villas and apartment blocks rises from the sand in NewCairo, one of the new satellite 'ghost towns.'

开罗其中一座被称为鬼城的卫星城，城区中的一条街道，街道两边坐落着未建成的私人别墅以及公寓。

Learning lessons

经验教训

Egypt has afundamentally misguided approach to development planning, according toarchitect and planner and Kareem Ibrahim of the NGO Tadamun.

据非政府组织Tadamun城建规划师卡里姆易普拉欣表示，埃及的发展规划从开始就是错误的。”

"We have achronic problem with the urban government of existing cities, and no matter howmany cities you build you are not solving this problem," he says.

目前，我们市政府面临一个长期问题，建多少城市也解决不了这个问题，”他说到。

Ibrahim's researchfound that around 50% of Cairo neighborhoods lacked access to sewage services,while public services were failing, and municipal councils were operating withas little as $4 per capita per year.

易卜拉欣的研究发现，开罗有50%的社区缺少污水处理系统，公共服务相当贫乏，市政委员会，人均年收入仅有4美元。

"The levelsof deprivation were shocking," says Ibrahim. "The investment shouldbe going towards providing equal rights to public services and utilities. Let'sthink about how to develop better governing structure for the cities we have,and then build new cities."

“贫困的程度令人震惊，”易卜拉欣说。投资应该是向公共服务和公用事业提供平等权利。还是让我们来思考如何可让我们城市发展更好的治理结构，之后在考虑建设新城市。