中国正逐渐战胜空气污染，至少在北京是这样的。 [美国媒体]

China Is Winning Its War on Air Pollution, at Least in Beijing


中国正逐渐战胜空气污染，至少在北京是这样的。

China is seeing signs of success in its fight against smog as pollution levels slump dramatically in the capital region Beijing.

随着首都北京污染水平的大幅下降，中国在抗击雾霾方面取得了初步的成效。

Concentrations of PM2.5 -- the tiny particles that pose the greatest health risks -- plunged 33 percent from a year earlier in the fourth quarter across Beijing, Tianjin and 26 surrounding cities, Greenpeace East Asia said in a report Thursday. Levels in the capital alone tumbled 54 percent. The drops come after government policies last year forced millions of homes and businesses to switch from coal to cleaner-burning natural gas.

东亚绿色和平组织在周四发表的一份报告中声称，北京、天津以及周边26个城市第四季度面临的PM2.5污染浓度相较于去年同期下降了33%。（PM2.5是会带来极大的健康风险的微小颗粒。）而在首都北京，这个指数下降了54% 。这一改善取源于政府于去年出台的政策，该政策促使百万家庭和企业从煤炭转向了更加清洁的天然气能源。

Bluer Skies in Beijing

北京的蓝天



The bluer skies came at a price, as the widespread switching to natural gas contributed to shortages of the fuel, leaving homes frigid and factories shut.“The switch from coal to gas has dramatically reduced pollution,” Bernstein analysts including Neil Beveridge  wrote in a report Thursday. “While there have been problems in implementation, the plan is delivering results.”

但是蓝色的天空的到来也伴随着一些代价。因为大量的家庭和企业从使用煤炭转向了天然气，也导致了该燃料的短缺问题，使得一些家庭和工厂面临了暖气不足和停业的问题。“从煤炭到天然气的转变极大地减少了污染，”包括Neil Beveridge在内的伯恩斯坦分析员在周四的一份报告中指出。“尽管在实施方面依然存在着一些问题，但是该计划正在取得成果。”

Replacing coal with gas for residential and industrial use is part of a series of measures to clean smoggy cities, along with closing outdated or illegal steel mills, coal mines and aluminum smelters. Natural gas demand rose 19 percent through October, the latest government data show. It will probably rise by 15 percent this year as Beijing sticks to its anti-coal guns and spurs development of gas infrastructure, Beveridge wrote.

在住宅取暖和工业能源上用天然气取代煤炭是中国一系列的清理城市雾霾的措施之一，同时他们还关闭了过时或者非法的钢铁厂、煤矿、和炼铝厂。最新的政府数据现实，天然气需求自10月份以来上升了19% 。Beveridge表示，今年中国的天然气需求将会增长15%，因为中国将坚持反煤炭，并进一步推动天然气基础设施的发展。

Worth It?
The shift toward cleaner heating fuels proved problematic in November and December, as some regions ran short of natural gas, forcing the government to halt factories to prioritize supplies for residential users, and in some cases let homes go back to burning coal.

值得吗？去年11月和12月，转向更清洁的取暖燃料这一做法被证明存在着一些问题，因为一些地区所面临的天然气短缺问题，迫使政府优先为住宅用户供应天然气，并暂停了对工厂的天然气供应。而且某些家庭也不得不回到了煤炭供暖的老办法。

However, “negative effects caused by the transition from coal to gas are relatively small," making it worthwhile for China to expand the switch and start up nuclear power plant construction, said Jiang Kejun, a researcher at the Energy Research Institute under the National Development and Reform Commission.The NDRC in December announced a winter-heating plan for northern regions expected to cut coal use 150 million metric tons by 2021. Natural gas, biomass, heat pumps, direct electric heating and geothermal power will replace the dirtier-burning fuel.

然而，国家发改委能源研究所的研究员蒋可军表示，“从煤炭到天然气的转变所造成的负面影响相对较小，这也使得中国进一步普及天然气能源和启动核电站建设的举措显得物有所值。”国家发改委在去年12月份宣布了一项针对北方地区冬季取暖的策略。预计到了2021年，煤炭的使用量将会减少1.5亿吨。天然气、生物质、热泵、电加热和地热能将会取代会造成污染的燃料能源。

Besides a reduction in household coal use, measures to cut industrial emissions and favorable weather conditions “contributed to the very dramatic reduction in pollution levels” in Beijing and surrounding areas, Lauri Myllyvirta, an energy analyst at Greenpeace in Beijing, said by phone.

绿色能源组织的能源分析师Lauri Myllyvirta在电话中表示，除了家庭取暖煤炭使用量的减少外，工业排放的减少和北京良好的天气状况也是最近北京和周边地区的空气污染水平大幅下降的原因之一。

Nationwide, the air-quality improvement was less dramatic, with a 4.5 percent decrease in PM2.5 levels during 2017, according to Greenpeace."We shall expect the winter in 2018 to be even cleaner as the government carries out the campaign on coal to gas more thoroughly," said Tian Miao, a Beijing-based energy specialist at Everbright Sun Hung Kai Co

据绿色和平组织提供的数据显示，全国范围内的空气质量改善则没有那么的显着。2017年全国范围内的PM2.5指数下降了4.5%“我们可以期待2018年的冬季将变得更加清洁，因为政府将展开更加彻底的煤炭开采整治活动。”中国光大集团公司驻北京的能源专家田淼表示。



[–]steavoh 88 指标 4 天前 
I think air pollution gets attention when it's a visible problem. That proved true in Europe, the Americans, then Japan and now China. When a big city is covered in a pall of smog and you can smell/feel it going outside then even people in high places start to get concerned.The tough thing for environmentalists may be raising concern over things that are abstract or invisible. Climate change isn't something you easily notice or get alarmed by unless you think long term.

我认为空气污染只有在显而易见的时候才会成为人们所关注的问题。这已经是在欧洲、美国、日本和现在的中国都被证实的观点。当一个巨大的城市被雾霾笼罩时，你可以在出门时闻到或者感觉到它的存在，甚至是一些身处高位的人们也为开始担忧。对环境主义者而言，最艰难的事情是引发大众对一些抽象或者不可视的环境问题的关注。除非你能以长远的目光看待问题，否则气候变化并不能很容易地引起人们的注意。

[–]sxakalo 44 指标 4 天前 
The Chinese do know climate change is real and they've been taking action against it.

中国人确实地知道气候变化是真实存在的，而且他们一直都在采取一些行动去应对这一问题。

[–]Colandore 30 指标 4 天前 
Absolutely. The rising sea levels is of particular concern in China given that many of their wealthiest cities are directly on their coast. Cities like Shanghai would be devastated.

千真万确。鉴于中国许多最富有的城市都出于沿海地区，海平面的上升对他而言是非常令人担忧的。因为（如果他们毫无作为的话）像上海这样的城市将会被摧毁。

[–]ArchmageXin 11 指标 4 天前 
so are America's...

美国的情况也同样如此...

[–]Colandore 11 指标 4 天前 
Yeah, very true.I mean, I can say something something Trump/Republican administration not caring, etc... But the reality is, plenty of Americans are aware of it too. Everyone in San Francisco is at risk, so is New York (Sandy) and New Orleans (Katrina). Seattle, Miami, etc... American's aren't unaware, this has been a topic of concern for American environmentalists as well.The current administration can't be helped unfortunately.

是的，非常正确。我的意思是，我可以说一些特朗普或者共和党政府不关心之类的话。但是现实是，很多美国人都已经意识到了这一点。旧金山的每个人都面临着危险，纽约（桑迪飓风）和新奥尔良（卡特里娜飓风）也同样如此。还有西雅图，迈阿密等等...美国人并非毫不知情，这一直以来都是美国环保主义者最关注的话题。但不幸的是，如今的政府无药可救。

[–]AtoxHurgy 0 指标 3 天前 
But their massive coal plants are still around

但是他们那些大型的煤矿依然还在运行着。

[–]RaceChinees 6 指标 3 天前 
but everybody's coal plants are still around.Considering China is also the biggest investors in green energy and coals plants there are replaced with far more efficient ones; means they are certainly on the right track.

每个国家都依然在运行着自己的煤矿。考虑到目前的中国是绿色能源最大的投资者，而煤炭也正被一些更加高效的能源所取代着；这意味着他们肯定走在了正确的轨道上。

[–]sxakalo 1 指标 3 天前 
Yeah they are closing the oldest ones and switching to less polluting ones, nuclear and renewables.

是的，他们正在关闭一些最老旧的采煤场，并逐渐转而使用污染更少的核能以及其他一些可再生能源。

[–]insipid_comment 154 指标 4 天前 
If whatever they're doing is working, they should keep it up! Hopefully they can pass along some of their tricks to other countries mired in air pollution, like India.

如果他们现在做的事情是有效的，那么他们就应该坚持做下去！希望他们能够把自己的一些技巧传给其他一些深陷空气污染问题的国家，比如印度。

[–]karangoswamikenz 49 指标 4 天前 
This. Delhi and ahmedabad are getting worse

的确。德里和艾哈迈达巴德正变得越来越糟糕。

[–]bipolarbeargrills 62 指标 4 天前 
As someone who actually lives in Beijing, can verify that the pollution this winter has been almost nonexistent. Especially compared to the alarming photos many will likely judge the city by, its been gorgeous since November. Comes with the caveat that there are still pollution issues all over the country, but the one year turnaround on making progress in the capital has been extraordinary.

作为一个实际上居住在北京的人，我可以证实，在这个冬天污染几乎是不存在的。尤其是和那些许多人拿来批判这座城市的一些照片比起来，自去年11月份以来，北京美丽极了。尽管就全国范围而言，污染问题依然存在。但是首都在这一年时间里所取得的进展，依然是无与伦比的。

[–]spinmasterx 36 指标 4 天前 
Honestly, the Chinese government is scary efficient. I remember during the Beijing Olympics opening ceremony, that night was humid like hell and by all normal weather conditions should have rained, but didn't. Apparently, the government used some things to delay the rain by a few hours and it started to pour down immediately after the ceremony.

说实话，中国政府的效率简直高的可怕。我记得在北京奥运会开幕式期间，那个晚上如同地狱般的潮湿，照理说这样的天气环境无论如何都应该下雨的，但是当时并没有。显然政府用了一些什么东西将雨水的到来推迟了几个小时，而在开幕式结束后的那一瞬间，倾盆大雨不期而至。

[–]diverofcantoon 13 指标 4 天前 
That's what happens when you have one party rule. Everyone's on the same page, nobody fighting each other for political points.Not saying their system of government is better, just more efficient like you pointed out.

这就是当你们的国家只有一个政党时会发生的情况。每个人都能达成共识，没有人会为了政治观点而互相争斗。我并不是在说他们的政府体系更加的优秀，只是他们就像你指出的那样，拥有更高的效率。

[–]WhyBuild 41 指标 4 天前 
Cool, I hope they continue in there efforts in making a clean place to live. Don't really understand the negative comments in this thread

酷,我希望他们能够继续努力，将那里改造成一个更干净宜居的环境。无法理解这个帖子中的一些负面评论。

[–]365_Canal_St_70130 15 指标 4 天前 
When China has problems, they know how to solve them. The US just gets distracted with incumbent interests, a two-party system and lobbyists.

当中国面临问题时，他们知道如何解决。而美国则会因为在位者的利益，两党制和游说者而分心。

[–]garlicroastedpotato 11 指标 4 天前 
Do you feel like America has unsolved air quality problems?

你觉得在美国还有未被解决的空气质量问题？

[–]karangoswamikenz 13 指标 4 天前 
But we have water issues

但是我们有水质问题啊。

[–]sicurri 4 指标 4 天前 
I may not like, or agree with a lot of what China does, or what their policies on some things are. However, I do admit their solution to pollution, and starting to adopt green energy is fantastic.That's one thing they have on the U.S. it seems, China looks at the long game, the U.S. looks at the short game. We are reactionary, while China is responsive to how the world is changing.

我可能不喜欢或者不赞同中国做的很多事情，也不同意他们在某些事情上的政策。然而我必须承认，他们对于环境污染的治理，以及他们开始拥抱绿色能源的行为实在是太棒了！这是他们优于美国的一个地方。中国的目光更加的长远，而美国则只专注于眼前的利益。我们是反动的，而中国则对世界的变化做出了积极的反应。