人类最具毅力和纪律的极端例子是？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

What is the most extreme example of human willpower and discipline?

人类最具毅力和纪律的极端例子是？


-------------译者：zmx_cici-审核者：谈笑风扔------------

Kevin Luo studied at University of Michigan Ross School of Business upxed Jun 4 2017
Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima

范德莱·科代罗·德·利马



Story: He was the leading runner in the 2004 Summer Olympics marathon. 

故事内容：他是2004年夏季奥运马拉松赛的领跑者。

At his pace he was sure to win first place and secure the gold medal which would’ve brought pride and glory to his family and country.

以他的步速，（大家都知道）他肯定会获得第一名并且揽下能为他家人及国家带来骄傲与荣誉的金牌。

Near the end of the marathon he was attacked by a spectator. The spectator actually sidelined into him. Intentionally. In public.

然而就在接近马拉松终点的时候，一位观众袭击了他。这名观众，在众目睽睽之下，就这样故意地将他强推进（一旁观看比赛的人群里）。

That brief 10 second-long distraction was enough to completely disrupt De Lima’s mental AND physical rhythm both of which are critical to running long distance marathons.

只是短暂的10秒钟，就足以使德·利马分心，完全打乱了他心理和生理上的节奏，而节奏对跑长距离的马拉松是极为重要的。

He was quickly surpassed by two other runners and was evidently off his game for the remainder of the marathon. He finished in third place in surprisingly good spirits and received the bronze medal.

很快就有另外两名跑者超过他，而这无疑破坏了他剩余的马拉松赛程（使其失去了获得金牌的机会）。出人意料的是他以良好的精神面貌（完成了剩下的赛程）获得第三名，取得了铜牌。

What people remember is that he crossed the finish line with a smile despite what had happened to him just moments before.

给广大观众留下深刻记忆的是他是带着微笑冲过终点线的，尽管就在刚刚他发生了那样的一些事。

This was a man who was robbed of first place and an Olympic gold medal in a matter of seconds.

只是几秒之差，这个男人就被抢夺了第一名以及获得奥林匹克金牌（的荣耀）。

Imagine training for something your entire life and being so close to accomplishing something extraordinary. Something that brings you your family and your country great pride and happiness and puts you in the history books.

试想一下，你这一生都在为某件事而辛苦训练，如今你与实现你梦寐以求的非凡成就仅仅只有一步之遥。那是一件使你的家人、你的祖国无比自豪与幸福并能让你载入史册的大事。

Only to be robbed in a matter of seconds in the most outrageous and nonsensical way possible. By something that should never have happened in the first place.

仅仅几秒钟，就被人以粗暴荒谬至极的方式给阻止了。被从一开始就不应该发生的事给阻止了。

De Lima could’ve stopped running when that incident happened. He could’ve attacked the trespasser. He could’ve complained endlessly to the officials.

在这件意外发生后，德·利马完全可以停下步伐。他可以反击那个不法侵入者。他可以向官方没完没了地抱怨。

But he pushed past he ran and he finished.

但是他翻篇了，他继续他的步伐，并且完成赛事。

Even after the fiasco words like “furious” or “hatred” were evidently not in De Lima’s vocabulary. Holding a relentless vendetta against his perpetrator was clearly not important to him.

即使在惨败之后，德·利马的词典里也明显地没有“狂怒”或者“憎恨”等这些词。显然，对他来说，对袭击者进行无情的报复一点都不重要。

Even when a fellow Olympian earnestly offered his own gold medal to De Lima De Lima responded “I am happy with mine - it is bronze but means gold.”

即使当另一位奥运选手真诚地将自己的金牌赠给他时，德·利马婉拒后这么回道：“我自己的铜牌很满意——尽管它是铜牌但（在我眼里）却和金牌一模一样。”

De Lima went on to win a variety of awards commemorating his self-discipline and spirit of sportsmanship.

因其自律及运动员精神，德·利马赢得许多奖赏 。

He also went on to light the cauldron at the 2016 Rio Olympics.

他也在2016年里约奥运会上点燃了圣火炬。



It takes immense willpower and discipline to run and finish as a top contender for a marathon in the Olympics but I think what makes De Lima so special is his willpower and discipline to look past something so ill-fated and still come out on top. He truly lives a life of no regrets.

想获得冠军之名，进行和完成奥林匹克的马拉松赛需要巨大的意志力以及自律，但是我认为使得德·利马独一无二的正是其放下不幸仍然取得成功的坚强意志力和自律。他真的是活得无怨无悔死而无憾。

And I don’t remember who won first or second place in that 2004 Summer Olympics Marathon.

我并没有记住谁获得2004年夏季奥林匹克马拉松赛的冠军或亚军。

But I remember Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima.

但我记住了范德莱·科代罗·德·利马这个人。

The man is a legend.

他即传奇。

-------------译者：zmx_cici-审核者：hht288------------

Peter T Mayer Cofounder at Myfingerprintart.com upxed Jun 12 2017
Triathlons are tough. Marathons are tougher. Ironman distance triathlons are even tougher.

三项全能运动很难完成。马拉松更难。长距离铁人三项全能运动就更难上加难了。

Meet Mr. Dick Hoyt who finished about 1100 different races of various kinds.

让我们来认识下狄克·霍特先生，他完成了1100多场各种各类的赛事。

Mr. Hoyt is 72 years old.

迪克·霍特先生已经72岁了。

Now you probably say ok great there are other people who regularly participate and finish these races.

好了，你可能会说，好吧，这很赞，但也有其他人定期参加和完成这些赛事的。

Some of you might even say that there are even older people who participated in even more races.

你们中的一些人甚至会说这世上还有年纪更大的参加过更多赛事的人。

You might be right.

或许你说的是对的。

What makes Mr. Hoyt stand out is actually the fact that this guy participated in every single one of these races with his son Rick Hoyt who was diagnosed with cerebral palsy after his birth and was given a very grim life prognosis.

让迪克·霍特先生与众不同的是，他每一场赛事都会带上他儿子一起参加，而他儿子瑞克·霍特自出生起就被诊断为脑瘫，医生预测其之后的生活很是严峻。

How does Mr. Hoyt do it?

那么霍特先生是怎样做的呢？

Like this:

像这样：



And like this:

以及这样：



And like this:

还有这样：



If this is not the most extreme discipline and willpower I do not know what is.

如果这都不是最极端的自律以及超强意志力，那我还真不知道什么是了。

Hats off to you Mr. Hoyt you have my utmost respect!

向您致以最高敬意，霍特先生！

-------------译者：aspenblack-审核者：hht288------------

Maiwenn Alix French Writer (2015-present) upxed Jan 5
The below pic is not of a statue.

以下图片并不是一座雕像。



It is of a monk Liuquan suspected to have mummified himself alive.

这是僧人，六全，被怀疑木乃伊化自己以长存。



Self mummification used to be an extreme way to reach enlightenment and be recognized and revered as a “living Buddha”. It was quite popular with the Sokushinbutsu a group of Japanese buddhist monks with inspiration from Shintoism.

自我木乃伊化，曾作为一种达到开悟而被认定并尊崇为“肉身菩萨”的极端方法。这在即身佛中大受欢迎。即身佛，一支受神道教启发的日本佛教僧侣。

The process demonstrates in my opinion the most extreme willpower :

这个过程展示了在我看来最极端的意志力：

The monk had to starve himself for a thousand days ingesting only water seeds and nuts to suppress all the fat in his body.

僧人必须在一千日内只摄入水、种子、果仁，其他都禁食以抑制其体内脂肪。

Then he would change his diet to some pine roots and needles for another thousand days to get rid of his body fluids.

接下来一千日，他会改吃些松根和松针以去除其体液。

The last stage would be to drink a toxic tea that would slowly poison and dehydrate him. This would prevent the body from being attacked by insects and worms.

末尾阶段将饮用一种毒茶缓缓毒化身体并使自身脱水。这样可以让其肉体免受虫害。

Finally the monk would be put in a small cavity : basically buried alive with just a hole to breathe chanting sutras and with a string attached to a bell to ring once a day to tell others he was still alive. When the bell would stop ringing they would know he was dead and the tomb would be sealed.

最终僧人会被放入一个小坑内：大体算是活埋，只留一个小孔以呼吸。僧人诵经，每日摇响用绳系着的铃以告知他人自己还活着。当铃声不再响起，他们就知道他已圆寂，墓坑会被密封起来。

It is believed that the monk in the statue went through this process - even though the presence of paper instead of the organs could also indicate he was mummified later - as dozens of others.

据信，雕像中的僧人是成功经受了这个过程的后，即使是通过文字记录而非器官来显示也表明他最后是木乃伊化了。还有几十个这样的人。

If slowly transforming yourself into a mummy for decades and burying yourself alive is not an example of extreme willpower I don’t know what is.

如果用几十年缓慢地将自己转化为木乃伊并活埋自己都不算是极端意志力的范例，我不知道还有什么算是了。

-------------译者：aspenblack-审核者：roroho------------

Murphy Rodriguez Interviewed a former Navy Seal Answered May 3 2017 
I think one great example is seen in the Navy Seals. I just interviewed a former Navy Seal for a history project. While I knew it was hard to become one I had no idea the extent of the difficulty. I mean these guys are insane.

我觉得海豹突击队是一个很好的范例。我刚为一个历史课题采访了一名前海豹突击队队员。尽管我知道成为其中一员很难，但我完全没想到会这么难。我是说这些人简直是太疯狂了。

The man whom I interviewed reflected on his training specifically on this one period of time called “hell week.” It was appropriately named to say the least.

我采访的那个男人回想了下他的训练，特别是这段叫“地狱周”的时期。至少可以说，这命名起的挺恰当。



Over five days the men get a total of four hours of sleep. The time they are awake is filled by physically draining mind-throbbing activities

整整五天，受训者总共只能睡四小时。他们清醒的时间都挤满了肉体和精神都被掏空的活动。

They put the men in cold water almost but not quite to the point of hypothermia. They run do push-ups swim and carry heavy loads. Nonstop almost 24 hours a day for five days.

他们把受训者投入几乎是寒冷的水中，但水温不低过体温。他们跑步、做俯卧撑、游泳和搬重物。五天，几乎每天24小时，不停歇训练。

The guy reflected on how on the second day his buddy was sitting across from him crying and sobbing snot drenched everywhere and finally walked off and quit.

受访者回想起，他的伙伴是怎样于第二天坐在他对面，涕泗横流全身湿透并最后离开退出的。

For the ones who do make it through it is truly a testament to the discipline the human mind can achieve especially when there is a way out available. To go through all that when you have a choice to not do so would be as I imagine it (though I'm not sure I can) extremely difficult.

对通过的人来说，这确实证明了人的心智能达到自律，尤其是还有一条出路可以离开的时候。在你可以选择不承受这样严酷的训练却咬牙坚持到了最后，这就是我所想的（尽管我不确定我可以做到）极端困难的事。

Sean Kernan Son of Quora Answered Dec 1
SEAL Hell Week

海豹队的地狱周。



It’s the bottleneck of SEAL training that weeds out the majority of a very tough and talented final pool of applicants.

这是通过海豹训练的瓶颈，它会从最后一批坚强又有天分的申请者中淘汰掉大部分人数。

You wake up on a Sunday night to gunfire. You then exercise run into cold water carry logs do painful calisthenics and go with no sleep all the way until Friday.

你周日晚上在枪炮声中醒来，紧接着操练、跑进冷水、搬大原木、做痛苦的体操训练，全程无眠直至周五。

I repeat Sunday to Friday no sleep.

我再说一次，从周日到周五，无眠训练。

Just exercise cold water lots of yelling and teamwork.

只有操练、进冷水，大量叫喊和团队活动。

It’s part of what produces (arguably) the most elite soldiers on the planet.

（可以说）这是全球最精英的士兵产生的一部分原因。

-------------译者：willdemon-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Nathan Jackson Explorer of Quora Answered Dec 6
On April 26th 2003 a man called Aron Ralston set out on a canyon hike in a remote part of Utah—when a large rock became dislodged and fell on him.

2003年4月26日，一名叫阿伦·罗斯顿的男子出发前往犹他州偏远地区的大峡谷进行远足——途中一块巨石松动掉落到他的身上。

His right hand was crushed and pinned against the canyon wall.

他的右臂被巨石压碎并钉死在峡谷的侧壁上。

This is a real photo by the way.

顺便说下，下图就是当时的真实照片。



Before leaving on the hike Aron told nobody of his plans.

出发远足前阿伦没有告知任何人此次行程。

He had no means of calling for rescue.

他也没有任何手段能呼叫救援。

He was utterly alone.

他彻底地与外部失去联系。

Over the course of three days he desperately tried to free his trapped arm . He attempted to wrench it out. He chipped at the boulder with his penknife. He tried rigging up a pulley system to lift the rock.

在三天时间里，他绝望地试图抽出被压住的胳膊。他尝试过把胳膊扭出来，也试过用小刀一点点挖开石头，甚至他还尝试过组装一个滑轮系统把巨石吊起来。

Nothing worked.

这些尝试都没有用。

With virtually no food or water left and no hope of rescue Aron was left with only one hope of survival: to saw his arm off with a blunt penknife.

最终，由于没有食物、没有水、没有救援希望，阿伦唯一自救的方式就是： 用一把已经摩钝了的小刀把自己的胳膊锯断。



At this point many people would have given up.

在这种情况下大多数人估计就放弃了。

And Aron nearly did.

阿伦差点也放弃了。

He recorded a goodbye video for his family and carved his name date of birth and supposed date of death into the stone.

他给家人拍了临终告别录像，还在岩石上刻下了他的名字，出生日期以及可能的死亡日期。

But it was not to be.

但这不是最后的结局。

Five days after being trapped he finally amputated his right arm over the course of an hour with the tiny dull blade of his knife. He tied the stump with a makeshift tourniquet.

被困5天后，阿伦花了一个小时，用他那把早已磨钝了的小刀锯断了自己的右臂。并用临时止血带包扎了残肢。

One-armed and dying of dehydration and blood loss he roped himself down and out of the canyon where he found rescue.

在失去一条胳膊、严重脱水及失血的情况下，阿伦还是用绳索降到地面，并走出峡谷并找到救援。



After losing his arm Aron continues to climb and hike to this day.

今天，失去了一条手臂的阿伦仍然继续在远足及攀岩。

His experience was later made into a hit film—127 Hours.

他的经历后来被拍成电影 《127小时》。

It amazes me how a human could have the sheer willpower and determination to physically excruciatingly saw their own arm off with nothing more than a blunt penknife.

让我震撼的是，一个人怎么会有如此强大的意志和决心，仅仅用一把磨钝了的小刀，在忍受极大痛苦的状态下生生把自己的胳膊锯下来。

Wansai Ounkeo Dec 6 
There is also another lesson in this:

这件事还说明了一个教训。

Always let someone know where you are going.

永远要让别人知道你的行踪。