长征2丁成功发射张衡1号 [美国媒体]

A Chinese Long March 2D rocket successfully delivered seven satellites into a 300-mile-high (500-kilometer) orbit Friday, boosting international missions to measure seismic signals that could help predict future earthquakes, take detailed imagery of planet Earth and test compact camera, propulsion and radio technology.

周五中国长征2D火箭成功将七个卫星送入300英里（500公里）的高空轨道，这将能够促进解决测量地震信号的国际问题，可以帮助预测未来发生的地震、绘制地球详图还有测试小型化的相机、推进器和无线电通讯技术。

The main payload carried aboard the two-stage Long March 2D rocket was Zhangheng 1, a Chinese-built satellite designed to sense precursor signals emitted before earthquakes, research that could eventually lead to quake predictions.

两级构造的长征2D火箭的主要载荷是张衡1号，这是一颗中国制造的卫星，用来探测地震发生前的先兆，这项研究将可以对地震进行预测。

Nine scientific instruments aboard the 1,600-pound (730-kilogram) Zhangheng 1 spacecraft will measure Earth’s magnetic field, plasma and other particles to search for disturbances triggered in the early stages of underground seismic events.

重1600磅（730公斤）的张衡1号上搭载的九台科学仪器会对地球磁场、等离子体等其他粒子进行测量以发现地震早期阶段发出的干扰。

Also known as the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, or CSES, the mission was developed in partnership between Chinese and Italian scientists from the China Earthquake Administration and the Italian Institute for Nuclear Physics.

张衡1号又名中国地震电磁卫星，缩写CSES，由来自中国地震局和意大利原子物理所的中国和意大利两国科学家合作研发。

The joint mission is part of a collaboration between the China National Space Administration and the Italian Space Agency, or ASI.

这次任务是中国国家空间机构和意大利空间局的合作的一部分。

Named for Zhang Heng, an ancient Chinese scholar who pioneered earthquake detection, the Zhangheng 1 satellite will monitor Earth’s ionosphere, a region at the boundary between the atmosphere and space. Scientists will search for waves in the ionosphere’s plasma and magnetic field environment that could be linked to tremors and volcanic eruptions far below.

名字来源于中国古代学者张衡，他开创了地震检测技术。张衡1号会对地球电离层进行监测，电离层是大气与太空的分界线。科学家们将对电离层的等离子体波动和磁场环境进行研究，这两者与地底深层的震动和火山活动有关。

“Zhangheng 1 cannot be used to predict earthquakes directly, but it will help prepare the research and technologies for a ground-space earthquake monitoring and forecasting system in the future,” said Zhao Jian, a senior official at the China National Space Administration, in a report published by China’s state-run Xinhua news agency.

“张衡1号不能直接检测地震，但它会预先帮助在未来建立一个地面-空间地震监视预测系统”，中国国家空间局官员赵健在中国国家媒体新华社的报道中说道。

Zhangheng 1’s mission is expected to last five years.

张衡1号的任务期预计是五年。

“Zhangheng 1, with a wider coverage and better electromagnetic environment from space, will be an important supplement to earthquake monitoring in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and sea areas that cannot be fully covered by the ground observation network,” said Shen Xuhui, deputy chief designer of Zhangheng 1 and chief engineer of the Institute of Crustal Dynamics at the China Earthquake Administration, according to Xinhua.

跟据新华社消息，张衡1号的副总设计师和中国地震局地壳动力学机构的总工程师申旭辉说“张衡一号在更好的探测覆盖和宇宙中良好的电磁环境下，能够对青藏高原的地震监测站和地面监测网无法覆盖的海域形成有效补充”。



Detecting weak disturbances in the ionosphere triggered by seismic activity requires highly-precise instrumentation.

探测地震对电离层造成的微弱扰乱需要高精度仪器。

One of Zhangheng 1’s largest science payloads, a high-energy particle detector, was developed by Italian scientists. Several other Chinese-built sensors were tested in a plasma chamber in Rome before their installation on the spacecraft.

张衡1号上面最大的科研载荷，一个高能粒子探测仪，是由意大利科学家研发的。而几件中国研发的其他传感器在被装上火箭之前是在位于罗马的等离子研究室里面进行测试的。

Once in space, Zhangheng 1 was expected to deploy six instrument booms to a length of more than 13 feet, or 4 meters, to ensure the sensors are well away from magnetic field disturbances generated by the spacecraft itself. Engineers also designed the satellite to use components, such as titanium screws, to minimize their magnetic effects on Zhangheng 1’s sensitive instruments, Xinhua reported.

一旦进入太空，张衡1号预计将会把六个仪器散布在四米之外，确保传感器远离航天载具本身造成的磁场的干扰。
新华社报道，工程师同样使用了像是钛金属螺丝这样的零件制造卫星，使卫星磁场对于张衡1号上面敏感的仪器的影响最小化。

Italian officials nicknamed their part in the mission the “Limadou collaboration” for Matteo Ricci, a 16th century Italian missionary and explorer who traveled to China, where he was known as Li Madou.

意大利官方对于其中他们制造的那部分起了个昵称叫“利玛窦合作”，意语 Matteo Ricci，是十六世纪来到中国的探险家和传教士，在中国，他被叫做利玛窦。

In a statement released after Friday’s launch, the Italian space agency said the Zhangheng 1 mission will also aid in the study of solar physics and cosmic rays.

周五发射之后发布的声明中，意大利空间局称张衡1号同样会对太阳物理和宇宙射线的研究形成帮助。

Six other satellites rode into orbit with Zhangheng 1 on a Chinese Long March 2D launcher.

和张衡号一起被送入轨道的卫星由中国长征2丁火箭发射。

The 134-foot-tall (41-meter) rocket lifted off at 0751 GMT (2:51 a.m. EST; 3:51 p.m. Beijing time) Friday from the Jiuquan space center in northwestern China’s Inner Mongolia region.

这架41米长的火箭于北京时间周五下午3：51分中国西北内蒙古的酒泉发射中心发射升空。

The rideshare launch opportunity was provided by China Great Wall Industry Corp., a government-owned company responsible for marketing Chinese launch services to commercial and international customers.

这次发射机会由负责经营中国商业和国际客户发射服务的中国国营公司中国长城工业公司提供。

Approximately 12 minutes after launch, the satellites were placed into orbit around 500 kilometers (300 miles) above Earth on a track inclined 97.3 degrees to the equator.

发射后12分钟，卫星进入距地面500千米与赤道形成97.3度角的轨道里。

Two European CubeSats, each the size of a cereal box, were deployed by the Long March 2D’s upper stage. Named GomX-4A and GomX-4B, the satellites were built by GomSpace in Denmark.

欧洲两个粮食盒那么大的立方形卫星在长征2丁的上面级进行部署。名字是GOmX-4B和GomX-4A，由德国GomSpace制造。

 

GomX-4A will collect data for the Danish Ministry of Defense on airplane and ship movements over the Arctic region, and GomX-4B is an experimental nanosatellite funded by the European Space Agency.

GomX-4A将为丹麦国防部收集北极地区的飞机和船舶位置信息，BomX4-B是由欧洲空间署提供资金支持的纳米卫星。

The twin satellites will fly in long-distance formation — GomX-4B will do the maneuvering — at a range of up to 2,800 miles (4,500 kilometers) to test an S-band radio link between the craft. GomX-4B carries miniature cold-gas thrusters to guide its flight away from GomX-4A, along with a hyperspectral multi-color camera, a star tracker and components that will be checked to gauge their susceptibility to space radiation, according to ESA.

这两个卫星将会相对飞行很长的距离——长达4500公里——测试两个卫星之间的S波段无线电联系，其中由GomX4B做出机动。GomX47B装载了小型低温气体推进器，还有高光谱摄像机、追星仪和测试它们对于宇宙射线的敏感度的部件。

The GomX-4 satellites build on experience gathered on a predecessor nanosatellite named GomX-3 released from the International Space Station in 2015.

GomX-4建立在2015年发射的前代纳米卫星GomX-3的基础上。

“Unlike GomX-3, GomX-4B will change its orbit using cold-gas thrusters, opening up the prospect of rapidly deploying future constellations and maintaining their separations, and flying nanosatellites in formations to perform new types of measurements from space,” said Roger Walker, head of ESA’s CubeSat program.

欧洲航天局的Roger Walker说“不像是GomX3，GomX4B可以用低温气体推进器改变轨道，将能打开快速部署卫星群并让卫星之间保持一定间距的技术大门，控制纳米卫星编队飞行执行新型空间测量任务。”

GomSpace said its ground team established contact with both satellites around six hours after their liftoff from China.

GomSpace公司说它的地面团队在卫星升空后的六个小时就与其建立了联系。

“The GomX-4B satellite is the most advanced satellite design we have initiated to date and we are very happy that ESA will participate in this project that will demonstrate possibilities of satellites flying in formation,” said Niels Buus, CEO of GomSpace. “We are very happy to work with ESA and together take the nanosatellite technology to a new level.

该公司CEO Niels Buus说：”GomX4B卫星我们目前为止制造的最先进的卫星，我们很高兴欧洲航天局能够参与这个项目，这将会证明卫星编队飞行的可行性。我们很高兴能同欧洲航天局一道努力将纳米卫星的技术提高到新的水平。”

“Also, we look forward to working closely with (the Danish Ministry of Defense) on this exciting project and jointly develop and demonstrate the GomX-4A mission,” Buus said in a statement. “Our satellite and radio technologies are a perfect match for monitoring the vast and remote arctic area with the satellite flying over the scene every 90 minutes.”

“同样我们也期待着与丹麦国防部在这个激动人心的项目上的紧密合作，共同发展证明GomX4A任务”Buus在声明中说，“我们的卫星和无线电技术与对广阔偏远的北极地区进行监视是一个完美的搭配，卫星会以每90分钟一次的频率飞过这一地区。”

The ÑuSat 4 and ÑuSat 5 microsatellites owned by Satellogic, an Argentine company, were also aboard the Long March 2D rocket launched Friday.

阿根廷的一家公司所有的ÑuSat 4和ÑuSat 5微型卫星也在长征2丁上升空。

Nicknamed Ada and Maryam, the satellites were built in Montevideo, Uruguay, and each weighed around 80 pounds (37 kilograms). The ÑuSat 4 and ÑuSat 5 satellites join three others launched on two Chinese rocket missions in May 2016 and June 2017.

昵称Ada和Maryam，在乌拉圭蒙得维的亚建造，每个重37公斤。这两个卫星于2016年和2017年也搭乘中国火箭进行过发射任务。

Satellogic confirmed the ÑuSat 4 and ÑuSat 5 satellites were alive in orbit after Friday’s launch.

Satelloci证实ÑuSat 4和ÑuSat 5升空后正常。

Satellogic intends to deploy dozens, and potentially hundreds, of satellites in the next few years to collect high-resolution and hyperspectral imagery to aid urban planners, emergency responders, crop managers, and scientists tracking the effects of climate change.

Satelloci打算明年部署几十颗至上百颗来收集高成像率高光谱图像来帮助城市规划者、公司管理者和科学家追踪气候变化的影响。

The hyperspectral imager aboard each ÑuSat is tuned to measure the chemical composition of what it sees on Earth, helping identify pollutants, plants, building materials and other features.

高光谱成像仪会对卫星观测到的地面进行化学成分分析，帮助分辨出污染物、工厂、建筑材料和其它物体。

Two CubeSats named FMN 1 and Shaonian Xing also launched Friday for Chinese start-up companies.

中国初创公司的FMN1和少年星立方体卫星也搭载发射。


Ross Nelson
"earthquake research craft " - at least the cover stories are getting more interesting.
Like · Reply · 7 hrs

“地震研究卫星”——起码这个想出来的借口更加引起了人们的兴趣。

Paul Thomas
It's a collaboration with Italy, so hardly going to be Chinese secret mission.
Like · Reply · 3 hrs

这是和意大利合作的，很难成为中国的秘密项目。

Ross Nelson
Paul Thomas the HAARP nutters are all over this they know the truth
Like · Reply · 2 hrs

PaulThomas，HAARP{译注：高频主动极光研究项目}的疯子们就研究这个，他们知道真相。

Paul Thomas
Ross Nelson I have no idea what that acronym stands for. It is good writing practice to write it out in full the first time it is used.

Ross Nelson,我不知道这个缩写是什么意思，在第一次使用的时候用全名写是个好习惯。