没有女权主义的一天 [美国媒体]

两位作者介绍（从wiki搜来翻译了一下）：

【Jennifer Boumgoidnei】https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Baumgardner
Jennifer Baumgardner (born 1970) is a writer, activist, filmmaker, and lecturer whose work explores abortion, sex, bisexuality, rape, single parenthood, and women's power. Since 2013, she is the Executive Director/Publisher at The Feminist Press at the City University of New York (CUNY), a second wave feminist institution founded by Florence Howe in 1970.

Jennifer Baumgardner 出生于1970年，是一名作家、活动家、电影制作人，还是一名探索了堕胎、性、双性恋、强奸、单亲家庭和女性力量的演讲家。2013年开始，她担任了纽约城市大学Feminist Press出版社的执行董事和出版商，Feminist Press出版社由Florence Howe在1970年创立的第二次女权主义浪潮机构。

【Amy Richards】https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Richards
Amy Richards (born ca. 1971) is an American activist, writer, organizer, feminist and art historian.

Amy Richards出生于约1971，是一名美国活动家、作家、活动组织家、女权主义者和艺术历史学家。

原文（头两段应该是前言）：



A Day without Feminism

没有女权主义的一天

作者：Jennifer Boumgoidnei & Amy Richards

We were both born in 1970, the baptismal moment of a decade that would change dramatically the lives of American women. The two of us grew up thousands of miles apart, in entirely different kinds of families, yet we both came of age with the awareness that certain rights had been won by the women's movement. We've never doubted how important feminism is to people's lives—men's and women's. Both of our mothers went to consciousness-raising-type groups. Amy's mother raised Amy on her own, and Jennifer's mother, questioning the politics of housework, staged laundry strikes.

我们两都出生于1970年，那个让美国女性的生活产生巨变的、洗礼一般的十年。我们的出生地点距离上千英里，我们成长的家庭完全不同，不过我们在成长中都知道女性运动争取了一些特定的权利。我们从未怀疑女权主义对人们的生活的重要性——无论是男人的生活还是女人的生活。我们两个的母亲都去过那种提高觉悟的小组（consciousness-raising-type翻成“提高觉悟”感觉怪怪的）。Amy的妈妈独自养大了Amy，而Jennifer的妈妈因为质疑家务政治参与了家政罢工。

With the dawn of not just a new century but a new millennium, people are looking back and taking stock of feminism. Do we need new strategies? Is feminism dead? Has society changed so much that the idea of a feminist movement is obsolete? For us, the only way to answer these questions is to imagine what our lives would have been if the women's movement had never happened and the conditions for women had remained as they were in the year of our births.

随着新的千禧年、而不只是一个新世纪的曙光，人们回顾过去并总结女权主义的经验教训。我们需要新的策略吗？女权主义是否已死？社会是否已经改变太多，以至于女权运动已经毫无用处？对于我们来说，回答这些问题的唯一办法就是想象：如果女权运动从未发生、女性的状况和我们出生时一样，那么我们的生活会变成什么样。

Imagine that for a day it's still 1970, and women have only the rights they had then. Sly and the family Stone and Dionne Warwick are on the radio, the kitchen appliances are Harvest Gold, and the name of your Whirlpool gas stove is Mrs. America. What is it like to be female? Babies born on this day are automatically given their father's name. If no father is listed, "illegitimate" is likely to be typed on the birth certificate. There are virtually no child-care centers, so preschool children are in the hands of their mothers, a baby-sitter, or an expensive nursery school.  

想象一下现在仍然是1970年，女性只有她们以前的权利。电台里还能听到Sly and the family Stone（乐队）和Dionne Warwick（歌手和主持人），厨房设备是Harvest Gold牌的，你的Whirlpool牌煤气灶名为美国夫人（Mrs. America）。作为女性是什么样呢？出生在这个时候的婴儿自动署上父亲的姓氏。如果没有父亲，“非法出生”可能会打印在他们的出生证明上。儿童托保育中心（托儿所）基本上不存在，所以学龄前儿童由她们的母亲、保姆或是昂贵的幼儿园照料。

In elementary school, girls can't play in Little League and almost all of the teachers are female. (The latter is still true.) In a few states, it may be against the law for a male to teach grades lower than the sixth, on the basis that it's unnatural, or that men can't be trusted with young children.

小学里，女生们不能参与Little League（少年棒球或垒球联盟），几乎所有的老师都是女性（后一条仍然符合现实）。在一些州，法律禁止男性教授六年级以下的年级，理由是这有悖自然，或是儿童不信任男性。

In junior high, girls probably take home ec; boys take shop or small-engine repair. Boys who want to learn how to cook or sew on a button are out of luck, as are girls who want to learn how to fix a car. Seventeen magazine doesn't run feminists influenced current columns like "Sex + Body" and "Trauma-rama." Instead, the magazine encourages girls not to have sex; pleasure isn't part of its vocabulary.

初中女生们可能上家政课（做饭之类）；男生们则上手工课（例如木工，做椅子板凳之类）或是学习小型发动机修理。想要学习做饭和缝纫的男生们就不走运了，同样不走运的还有想要学习修车的女生。《十七岁》杂志上不会有那些现在因女权主义者影响而出现的栏目，比如“性+身体”和“尴尬时刻”。取而代之的是，杂志会鼓励女孩们不要性交；“愉悦”并不在它的字典里。

Judy Blume's books are just beginning to be published, and Free to Be ... You and Me does not exist. No one reads much about masturbation as a natural activity; nor do they learn that sex is for anything other than procreation. Girls do read mystery stories about Nancy Drew, for whom there is no sex, only her blue roadster and having "luncheon." (The real mystery is how Nancy gets along without a purse and manages to meet only white people.) Boys read about the Hardy Boys, for whom there are no girls.

Judy Blume（作家，读者群为儿童和青少年）的书刚开始开始发行，《我和你……尽情做自己》不存在。没人对手淫这项本能活动有足够了解；他们也不知道性交除了生殖之外还有更多意义。女孩们读以Nancy Drew为主角的神秘小说（有点类似推理小说），这位主角的世界里没有性爱，只有她的蓝色敞篷跑车和吃“正式午餐”（真正神秘地在于Nancy如何在没钱的情况下只和白人交往）。男孩们读Hardy Boys（类似探险小虎队），而Hardy Boys的世界里没有女孩。

In high school, the principal is a man. Girls have physical-education class and play half-court basketball, but not soccer, track, or cross country; nor do they have any varsity sports teams. The only prestigious physical activity for girls is cheerleading, or being a drum majorette. Most girls don't take calculus or physics; they plan the dances and decorate the gym. Even when girls get better grades than their male counterparts, they are half as likely to qualify for a National Merit Scholarship because many of the test questions favor boys. Standardized tests refer to males and male experiences much more than to females and their experiences. If a girl "gets herself pregnant," she loses her membership in the National Honor Society (which is still true today) and is expelled.龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com

高中里，校长是个男人。女生们上体育课时玩半场篮球，而不是橄榄球、田径或越野；她们也没有体育运动队。女生们唯一有声望的体育运动是拉拉队或是鼓手队长（就是乐队前面拿个棍子指挥的那个）。即使女性比她们的男同胞成绩要好，她们拿到国家优秀学生奖学金的可能性也只有男生的一半，因为很多考试问题都利于男生。规范化考试提到男性和男性经历比提到女性和女性经历多得多。如果一个女孩“让她自己怀孕了”，她就失去了在国家荣誉协会的会员资格（如今仍然一样）并且被开除。

Girls and young women might have sex while they're unmarried, but they may be ruining their chances of landing a guy full-time, and they're probably getting a bad reputation. If a pregnancy happens, an enterprising gal can get a legal abortion only if she lives in New York or is rich enough to fly there, or to Cuba, London, or Scandinavia. There's also the Chicago-based Jane Collective, an underground abortion-referral service, which can hook you up with an illegal or legal termination. (Any of these options are going to cost you. Illegal abortions average $300 to $500, sometimes as much as $2,000.)  

女孩们和年轻女性可能有婚前性行为，不过这样做就毁了找个好人嫁了的机会，而且有可能败坏了名声。如果一个有进取心的女孩怀孕了，她只有住在纽约才能合法堕胎，或者她有钱飞到纽约、古巴、伦敦或是斯堪的纳维亚。芝加哥也有地下堕胎中介组织Jane Collective可以给你提供合法或者非法的堕胎服务。（以上任何一个选项都要花钱。非法堕胎平均需要300到500美元，有时候要2000美元。）

To prevent pregnancy, a sexually active woman might go to a doctor to be fitted for a diaphragm, or take the high-dose birth-control pill, but her doctor isn't likely to inform her of the possibility of deadly blood clots. Those who do take the Pill also may have to endure this contraceptive's crappy side effects: migraine headaches, severe weight gain, irregular bleeding, and hair loss (or gain), plus the possibility of an increased risk of breast cancer in the long run. It is unlikely that women or their male partners know much about the clitoris and its role in orgasm unless someone happens to fumble upon it. Instead, the myth that vaginal orgasms from penile penetration are the only "mature" (according to Freud) climaxes prevails.

为了避孕，一名性活跃的女性可能要去医院装一个避孕圈（不知道diaphragm怎么翻译，见下图，会技术的同学可以自由地翻墙搜图），或是服用高剂量避孕药，不过她的医生不太可能告诉她致命的血栓的可能性。那些吃药的女性可能也不得不忍受避孕药糟糕的副作用：偏头痛，严重增重，不规律出血，和掉发（或是增发），加上长远看来乳腺癌风险增高的可能性。女性和她们的男性伴侣不太可能知道阴蒂和它在高潮中扮演的角色，除非有人偶尔研究了一下它。取而代之的是，从阴茎插入得来的阴道高潮的迷思是唯一“成熟的”（弗洛伊德语）高潮形式。
（灯：插入一句，约有70%的女性无法通过活塞运动得到高潮，还不如自己揉来得爽，所以男性同胞们不要一天到晚YY自己那根又多神武了，又不是镶了钻。）
Diaphragm，看起来像是软软的小帽子：
 


Lesbians are rarely "out," except in certain bars owned by organized crime (the only businessmen who recognize this untapped market), and if lesbians don't know about the bars, they're less likely to know whether there are any other women like them. Radclyffe Hall's depressing early-twentieth- century novel The Well of Loneliness pretty much indicates their fate.

女同性恋们很少出柜，除非是在有组织犯罪者（唯一认可这片未开发市场的商人）开的酒吧里，同时如果拉拉们不知道这些地方，她们更少有可能知道是否有像她们一样的女性。Radclyffe Hall（英国女作家）二十世纪早期令人心生绝望的小说《寂寞之井》（1928年出版的一本女同性恋小说）基本上描述了她们的命运。

The Miss America Pageant is the biggest source of scholarship money for women. Women can't be students at Dartmouth, Columbia, Harvard, West Point, Boston College, or the Citadel, among other all-male institutions. Women's colleges are referred to as "girls' schools." There are Take Back the Night marches to protest rape and violence against women, but not many join them because college girls aren't allowed out much after dark anyway. Curfew is likely to be midnight on Saturday and 9 or 10 p.m. the rest of the week. Guys get to stay out as late as they want.  

Miss America盛会（向17至24岁女性开放的学术盛会，每年举办一次）是女性最大的奖学金来源。女性不可能进入达特茅斯、哥伦比亚、哈佛、西点军校、波士顿学院、卡姆登军校或是其他只招收男性的机构就读。女性大学被称作“女孩们的学校”。有抗议强奸和针对女性的暴力的“收回夜晚”游行，但是参与的人不对，因为无论如何大学女生也不怎么被允许天黑后在外逗留。宵禁可能在周六晚上开始，平时在晚上九点或是十点开始。男人们则想在外面呆多晚就呆到多晚。

Women tend to major in teaching, home economics, English, or maybe a language—a good skill for translating someone else's words. The women's studies major does not exist, although you can take a women's studies course at six universities, including Cornell and San Diego State College. The absence of women's history, black history, Chicane studies, Asian-American history, queer studies, and Native American history from college curricula implies that they are not worth studying. A student is lucky if he or she learns that women were "given" the vote in 1920, just as Columbus "discovered" America in 1492. They might also learn that Sojourner Truth, Mary Church Terrell, and Fannie Lou Hamer were black abolitionists or civil-rights leaders, but not that they were feminists. 

女性的专业大多数是教书、家庭经济、英语，或是一门语言——一项翻译其他人说的话的优秀技能。“女性研究”这门专业不存在，虽然你可以在包括康奈尔和圣地亚哥州立大学在内的六所大学上一门女性研究课程。大学并没有设置女性历史、黑人历史、墨西哥裔美国人历史、亚裔美国人历史、男同性恋历史和美国原住民历史的课程，这暗示了这些历史并不值得研究学习。如果一名学生如果学到了女性在1920年被“给予”了投票权，他或她无疑是走运的，就像哥伦布在1492年“发现”了美洲大陆一样。他们也可能学到Sojourner Truth（女权活动家）、Mary Church Terrell（第一个拿到大学学位的非裔美国人，女权活动家，女性参政论者）和Fannie Lou Hamer（女权领袖，投票权活动家，慈善家）都是非裔废奴主义者或是民权领袖，除了她们也是女权主义者。

There are practically no tenured female professors at any school, and campuses are not racially diverse. Women of color are either not there or they're lonely as hell. There is no nationally recognized Women's History Month or Black History Month. Only 14 percent of doctorates are awarded to women. Only 3.5 percent of MBAs are female.

任何学校里几乎都没有女性终身教授，也没有种族多元化。有色女性又不根本没有，要不就孤独得要命。没有国家认可的女性历史月（美国三月，加拿大十月，英国和澳大利亚和三八妇女节一起过）和黑人历史月（美国二月，英国十月）。只有14%的博士是女性。只有3.5%的工商管理硕士是女性。

Only 2 percent of everybody in the military is female, and these women are mostly nurses. There are no female generals in the U.S. Air Force, no female naval pilots, and no Marine brigadier generals. On the religious front, there are no female cantors or rabbis, Episcopal canons, or Catholic priests. (This is still true of Catholic priests.) 

军队里所有人中只有2%是女性，而且这些女性大多是护士。美国空军中没有女将军，没有女性海军飞行员，没有女性海军准将。在宗教方面，没有女性领唱（例如基督教唱诗班的独唱、犹太教中领着大家祈祷的人）或拉比（犹太人中的一个特别阶层，主要是有学问的人，又多为犹太教仪式中的主持）、牧师主教，或是天主教神父（现在仍然没有女性天主教神父）。

Only 44 percent of women are employed outside the home. And those women make, on average, fifty-two cents to the dollar earned by males. Want ads are segregated into "Help Wanted Male" and "Help Wanted Female." The female side is preponderantly for secretaries, domestic workers, and other low-wage service jobs, so if you're a female lawyer you must look under "Help Wanted Male." There are female doctors, but twenty states have only five female gynecologists or fewer. Women workers can be fired or demoted for being pregnant, especially if they are teachers, since the kids they teach aren't supposed to think that women have sex.

只有44%的女性出门工作。同时这些女性的工资平均只有男性的52%。招聘广告分为“招男性”和“招女性”。女性的那一边多为招聘秘书、家政工和其他低收入的服务工作，所以如果你是一名女律师，你必须在“招男性”那边找。有女医生，但是20个州只有5名妇科医生或是更少。女性工人会因为怀孕而被炒或被降职，特别是对于那些老师，因为她们教的孩子们不应该有“女人会做爱”的意识。

If a boss demands sex, refers to his female employee exclusively as "Baby," or says he won't pay her unless she gives him a blow job, she has to either quit or succumb—no pun intended. Women can't be airline pilots. Flight attendants are "stewardesses"—waitresses in the sky—and necessarily female. 

如果上司有性需求，只称他的女性雇员（而不是男性雇员）为“宝贝”，或是说如果她不给他咬就不发工资，她只有辞职或是屈从——此处并不是双关。女性不能做飞行员。飞行侍者是“女服务员”——空中的女招待——则必须是女性。

Sex appeal is a job requirement, wearing makeup is a rule, and women are fired if they exceed the age or weight deemed sexy. Stewardesses can get married without getting canned, but this is a new development. (In 1968 the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission—EEOC—made it illegal to forcibly retire stewardesses for getting hitched.) Less than 2 percent of dentists are women; 100 percent of dental assistants are women. The "glass ceiling" that keeps women from moving naturally up the ranks, as well as the sticky floor that keeps them unnaturally down in low-wage work, has not been named, much less challenged.

性吸引力是职业要求，化妆是是规定，女性如果超过了被视为性感的年龄或体重就会被解雇。女性服务员结婚可以不被炒，但是这是新进步（1968年平等就业机会委员会EEOC规定解雇怀孕女服务员违法）。少于2%的牙医是女性；100%的牙医助理是女性。阻碍女性自然升职的“玻璃天花板”和让她们不自然向下、从事低收入工作的“粘性地板”还没有被命名，也极少被挑战和质询。

When a woman gets married, she vows to love, honor, and obey her husband, though he gets off doing just the first two to uphold his end of the bargain. A married woman can't obtain credit without her husband's signature. She doesn't have her own credit rating, legal domicile, or even her own name unless she goes to court to gel it back. If she gets a loan with her husband—and she has a job—she may have to sign a "baby letter" swearing that she won't have one and have to leave her job.

当一名女人结婚，她要发誓爱慕、崇敬和服从她的丈夫，而他只需要做到前两个就可以脱身。一名已婚女性如果没有她丈夫的签名就不能贷款。她没有自己的信用评级、合法住所，甚至还有她自己的名字，除非她上法庭拿回来。如果她和她的丈夫贷款——同时她有一项工作——她可能不得不签一份“婴儿信”（baby letter是什么东西，google都没有，难道是说女性连人都不算，只能算baby）辞职并发誓她以后也不会找工作。（插花：这是什么鬼逻辑，难道贷款之后不是更应该工作还贷么？）

Women have been voting for up to fifty years, but their turnout rate is lower than that for men, and they tend to vote right along with their husbands, not with their own interests in mind. The divorce rate is about the same as it is in 2000, contrary to popular fiction's blaming the women's movement for divorce. However, divorce required that one person be at fault, therefore if you just want out of your marriage, you have to lie or blame your spouse. Property division and settlements, too, are based on fault. (And at a time when domestic violence isn't a term, much less a crime, women are legally encouraged to remain in abusive marriages.) 

女性已经投票50年了，可是她们的投票率低于男性，而且她们倾向于跟着她们的丈夫投票，而不是依据自己的兴趣和选择。离婚率和现在2000年差不多，但是那时候的流行小说都将离婚归咎于女性运动。不过，离婚需要一人是过错方，所以如果你只是想要离婚，你得不得说谎或是责备你的配偶。财产分割和房产也取决于过错。（当那时候还没有“家庭暴力”一词，也没有犯罪那么严重，女性也被鼓励继续维持充满暴力的婚姻。）

If fathers ask for custody of the children they get it in 60 to 80 percent of the cases. (This is still true.) If a husband or a lover hits his partner, she has no shelter to go to unless she happens to live near the one in northern California or the other in upper Michigan. If a woman is downsized from her role as a housewife (a.k.a. left by her husband), there is no word for being a displaced homemaker. As a divorcee, she may be regarded as a family disgrace or as easy sexual prey. After all, she had sex with one guy, so why not all guys?

如果父亲要求抚养权，60%到80%的案子里孩子会判给父亲。（这一条现在仍然正确。）如果丈夫或是情人殴打了他的配偶，她可能无处可去，除服她正巧住在加州北部的一座庇护所，或是在密歇根上半岛的另一所旁边。如果一名家庭主妇被嫌弃了（也就是被她的丈夫抛弃了），甚至都没有确切的词来形容这个流离失所的家庭主妇（这句话是这么翻的吗？）。作为离过婚的人，她会被认为是家庭的耻辱或是容易上手的性猎物。总之，她和一个男人上过床，为什么不和所有男人上床呢？

If a woman is not a Mrs., she's a Miss. A woman without makeup and a hairdo is as suspect as a man with them. Without a male escort she may be refused service in a restaurant or a bar, and a woman alone is hard-pressed to find a landlord who will rent her an apartment. After all, she'll probably be leaving to get married soon, and, if she isn't, the landlord doesn't want to deal with a potential brothel.

如果一名女性的称呼不是夫人，那么她就是未婚小姐。一名女性不化妆、不做发型，那么人们就可以怀疑她有男人陪伴。没有男性的护送，她可能会被餐厅或酒吧拒绝，如果一名女性孤身一人，那么她很难找到愿意租给她公寓的房东。总之，她可能会赶紧结婚，如果她不结婚的话，房东可不想处理这种潜在妓院。

Except among the very poor or in very rural areas, babies are born in hospitals. There are no certified midwives, and women are knocked out during birth. Most likely, they are also strapped down and lying down, made to have the baby against gravity for the doctor's convenience, if he has a schedule to keep, the likelihood of a cesarean is also very high. 龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com
除非是在非常穷或是非常农村的地方，婴儿会在医院降生。没有注册助产士，女人们会在生产的时候被打晕过去（被打晕了怎么生？还是翻错了？）。更有可能的是，她们为了医生方便而被被绑住、躺下来，让孩子反向于重力方向（四脚朝天怎么生？）。如果医生赶时间，剖宫产的可能性也非常高。

Our Bodies, Ourselves doesn't exist, nor does the women's health movement. Women aren't taught how to look at their cervixes, and their bodies are nothing to worry their pretty little heads about; however, they are supposed to worry about keeping their little heads pretty. If a woman goes under the knife to see if she has breast cancer, the surgeon won't wake her up to consult about her options before performing a Halsted mastectomy (a disfiguring radical procedure, in which the breast, the muscle wall, and the nodes under the arm, right down to the bone, are removed). She'll just wake up and find that the choice has been made for her.龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com

《我们的身体，我们自己》（1971年发行的一本有关女性健康的书）不存在，女性健康运动同样不存在。女性们学不到如何观察她们的子宫颈，她们漂亮的小脑袋也不用担心她们的身体状况；不过，她们应该担心如何让她们的小脑袋保持美丽。如果一名女性去开到检查她是否有乳腺癌，外科医生不会把她叫醒并询问她的意见，而是直接给她做霍尔斯特德乳房切除手术（一项导致毁容的激进手术，期间乳房、肌壁、腋下赘生物一直到骨头都会被切除）。她一醒来就会发现医生们已经替她做了决定。

Husbands are likely to die eight years earlier than their same-age wives due to the stress of having to support a family and repress an emotional life, and a lot earlier than that if women have followed the custom of marrying older, authoritative, paternal men. The stress of raising kids, managing a household, and being undervalued by society doesn't seem to kill off women at the same rate. Upon a man's death, his beloved gets a portion of his Social Security. Even if she has worked outside the home for her entire adult life, she is probably better off with that portion than with hers in its entirety, because she has earned less and is likely to have taken time out for such unproductive acts as having kids.

因为支撑家庭的压力、压抑的情感生活，丈夫们有可能比他们相同岁数的妻子早八年去世；如果与女性遵循了与更老、权威和父权的男性结婚的传统，他们会比妻子去世得更早。抚养孩子的压力、管理家庭和价值被社会贬低这些因素杀死的女性看起来并没有（杀死的男性）那么多。当一名男性去世，他的爱人会得到他社保的一部分。即使她成年后一直在外工作，有了这一部分社保，比起只依靠她自己的全部社保，她会过的更好，因为她挣得更少，而且有可能已经花了时间从事非生产工作，例如生孩子。

Has feminism changed our lives? Was it necessary? After thirty years of feminism, the world we inhabit barely resembles the world we were born into. And there's still a lot left to do.

女权主义改变了我们的生活吗？这是否有必要？女权主义已经诞生了三十年，我们现在生活的世界与我们出生时的世界有很多不同。同时，仍然有很长的路要走。