quora网友:朝鲜最亲密的盟友是中国。朝鲜和中国同日本作战。为了表示感谢,中国新政权承诺,如果朝鲜陷入危险,将支持朝鲜。自那以来,中国一直支持朝鲜。然而,现在情况正在发生变化。曾经被形容为“唇齿相依”的中国和朝鲜关系,在相当长的一段时间内,将变的糟糕....
Why is China supportive of North Korea? Why does China still protect North Korea? Why has China historically been an ally of North Korea?
【 Quora 】:为什么中国要支持和保护朝鲜?(下)
Because they are our bordering country. If we abandoned North Korea, they would probably rot under the pressure of the United States and finally become a puppet of the US or a total mess, both of that will significantly endangered our national security. If we take a look of what the US have done in Iraq, Syria, Libya, Egypt and Afghanistan, we don’t have so much faith that things will end up good after North Korea’s breaking down. If you don’t care about 1.3 billion people’s security and interests, please care about those poor North Korean people.
Actually we were dragged into this shit by the United States. By the name of protecting democracy, the United States use South Korea, Japan and Taiwan to tie us up. The so-called first and second islands chains controlled our east coast and countless military bases and advanced troops are trained to be ready to hit China hard. China fought the Korean war 67 years ago because the US not only wanted to occupy the entire peninsula but also interested in cracking down Chinese government. They sent their aircraft across the Yalu river and bombed our land and they are still looking for any chances for weakening us. In fact I think all of this Kim’s naughty shows are openly conspiracies, Kim knew it, the US knew it, and China knew it.
因为他们是我们的邻国。如果我们放弃朝鲜,他们很可能会在美国的压力下崩溃,最终成为美国的傀儡,或者变的完全混乱,这两件事都将严重危及我们的国家安全。如果我们看看美国在伊拉克、叙利亚、利比亚、埃及和阿富汗所做的事情,我们就不会有太多的信心认为,在朝鲜解体后,事情最终会变的好起来。如果你不关心13亿人的安全和利益,那也请关心那些可怜的朝鲜人民。
事实上,我们被美国拖进了这个烂摊子。美国以保护民主的名义,将韩国、日本和台湾捆绑在一起对抗我们。所谓的“第一、第二岛链”在控制着我们的东海岸,无数的军事基地和训练有素的先进军队,随时准备袭击中国。67年前中国在朝鲜参战,不仅仅是因为美国想占领整个朝鲜半岛,而且还对镇压当时的中国政府感兴趣。他们派飞机越过鸭绿江轰炸我们的土地,他们还在寻找任何削弱我们的机会。事实上,我认为金正恩所有的顽皮表演都是公开的小把戏,金正恩知道,美国知道,中国也知道。
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North Korea's closest ally is China. Korean and Chinese communists had fought side by side against the Japanese and several Korean communists participated in the Chinese civil war under Mao's banner. In thanks, the new Chinese regime pledged to support North Korea if the latter were ever in peril. China stood by North Korea since then.
However things are changing now
China and North Korea, a relationship once described “as close as lips and teeth”, is going south for quite some time. While China reformed and prospered, North Korea calcified and starved. As these countries are developing in opposite directions, their old alliance is at the breaking point. More and more, Beijing views Pyongyang as a liability. And that's leading to some seismic shifts in Asia's power dynamics. North Korea’s relations with China are so poor that Kim Jong-un hasn’t been there once since taking over from his father, Kim Jong-il, in December 2011. This, along with strengthening trade ties between China and South Korea, is fundamentally changing China's relationship with its troublesome ally.
Gone are the days when world diplomacy used to be bi-directional (Us or USSR)- in today's interconnected world, each country has multi dimensions foreign policy. So while China still support's North by aids, oils, internets and everything else, it (China) is warming up its relationship with South Korea. For Beijing, the benefits of closer ties with Seoul are obvious; it remains South Korea’s largest trade partner. Beijing has surpassed Washington as Seoul's biggest trading partner. At the same time, Beijing’s traditional alliance with Pyongyang has come under particular strain since the latter disregarded Chinese objections and carried out its third nuclear test in 2013.
朝鲜最亲密的盟友是中国。朝鲜和中国同日本作战。为了表示感谢,中国新政权承诺,如果朝鲜陷入危险,将支持朝鲜。自那以来,中国一直支持朝鲜。
然而,现在情况正在发生变化。
曾经被形容为“唇齿相依”的中国和朝鲜关系,在相当长的一段时间内,将变的糟糕。在中国改革和繁荣的同时,朝鲜却变得僵化和饥饿。由于这些国家正朝着相反的方向发展,他们的旧联盟正处于破裂的边缘。北京越来越将平壤视为一种负担。这也将导致了亚洲局势的地震。自2011年12月金正恩接替其父金正日出任朝鲜领导人以来,金正恩从未去过中国。朝鲜与中国的关系正变得非常糟糕。这一点,再加上中韩两国加强了贸易关系,正在从根本上改变中国与这个棘手盟友的关系。
世界外交过去是双选择的(美国和苏联)的时代已经一去不复返了——在今天这个相互联系的世界里,每个国家都有多维度的外交政策。因此,尽管中国仍然通过援助、石油、互联网和其他手段支持朝鲜,但中国也正在加强与韩国的关系。对中国政府而言,与韩国加强关系的好处是显而易见的;它是韩国最大的贸易伙伴。北京已超过华盛顿,成为首尔最大的贸易伙伴。与此同时,北京与平壤的传统同盟关系尤其紧张,因为朝鲜无视中国的反对,在2013年进行了第三次核试验。
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It's not.
China has withdrawn support of North Korea ever since Kim JU took over as "Fattie #3" (his nickname in China) in 2012.
North Korea is completely and utterly isolated now. You can tell by the fact that Kim JU didn't attend either of the 70th Anniversary Parades (the ones in Moscow and Beijing).
Food and energy supplies from China to NK have been cut off, escapees from NK are no longer repatriated, and NK tanks have already been deployed to the Chinese border.
Since the end of the Cold War, China has always felt NK to be more of a burden than an asset. The common wisdom of "NK is a buffer state for China" is misleading. For China, NK is a solution a to NK problem. No NK, no problem, no need for a solution to said problem.
Kim JU, the impetuous young playboy now at the helm, made his anti-Chinese stance very clear when he fed his pro-China uncle in-law to the dogs (literally). That guy was the last one in NK that the Chinese were still willing to deal with.
Anyone who understands the South Korean-American alliance knows that the only reason it still exists is because NK exists, the continued presence of US military bases in SK is extremely unpopular. Even the US has expressed desire to withdraw its forces on the peninsula, citing the fact that the South Koreans themselves are more than capable of defending against NK.
China is now South Korea's largest trading partner, bigger than the US and Japan combined. Moreover, SK enjoys a massive trading surplus with China.
Strategically speaking, a Sino-SK pseudo alliance will make the continued presence of the US military in SK redundant. The fact that it was the SK and not the NK head of state attending the military parade in China is the final, official declaration of China's standing.
不是。
自2012年金正恩接任以来,(他在中国的昵称金三胖),中国已不再支持朝鲜。
朝鲜现在是完全孤立的。你可以从这个事实看出,金正恩并没有参加70周年庆典(莫斯科和北京的阅兵)。
从中国到北韩的食品和能源供应已被切断,北韩逃亡者不再被遣返,北韩坦克已经部署到中国边境。
自冷战结束以来,中国认为朝鲜半岛与其说是一种资产,不如说是一种负担。“北韩是中国的缓冲国”的这个普遍看法是错误的。对于中国来说,北韩是一个解决北韩问题的方法。没有北韩,就没有问题,也就没有解决问题的需要。
现在执掌大权的年轻花花公子金正恩,在把亲中国的姑父杀死,表明了自己的反华立场。那家伙是中国人仍然愿意打交道的最后一个朝鲜人了。
任何了解韩美同盟的人都知道,它仍然存在的唯一原因是因为朝鲜的存在,美国在南韩的军事基地的存在是非常不受欢迎的。就连美国也表达了想要在朝鲜半岛撤军的愿望,因为韩国人自己可以抵御朝鲜的攻击。
中国现在是韩国最大的贸易伙伴,超过美国和日本的总和。此外,南韩在与中国的贸易中享有巨大的顺差。
从战略上讲,中国-南韩的伪联盟将会使美国军队在南韩的持续存在成为多余。出席中国阅兵式的是南韩而不是北韩,这就是中国站位的官方说明。
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If China had any other choice, North Korea would not exist. However, China does not have any other choice.
If you grew up in the US, you were probably taught that during WWII, the US wanted to be neutral and supported “isolationism” and was simply “containing” communism during the Cold War. During WWII, US entry was inevitable, but Pearl Harbor had only sped it up. Besides, though it doesn't justify the attack, the Japanese weren’t really left with any other reasonable choice, as the US had cut off Japan’s main import; oil. Besides, the US had sent pilots to help the British during the Battle of Britain, which happened before Pearl Harbor. During the Cold War, the US wasn’t preventing Russia from spreading communism, but rather preventing people form being able to establish it, as most communist nations did so out of their own free will, not because the Soviet Union or China “invaded them”. imperialism. The US had done most of the action I described in order to increase their influence around the world. Effectively, other countries were left with two choices; submit to the US and be allowed to keep their sovereignty in a way, or resist and defend themselves. As you can see, many countries chose the first way, such as the entire EU, which is greatly influenced by the US. However, many nations still chose to resist and defend themselves.
Now, you may be wondering how this has anything to do with North Korea, so here’ the answer. It’s why North Korea exists and why Korea is currently divided. You probably know that the peninsula was divided at the 38th parallel after WWII. However, Korea didn’t actually want this, nor did they agree to it. However, following China’s Civil War, Russia asked Kim Il Sung to invade the South, while convincing China to pledge its support, too, though neither actually did anything at first. However, as the South was about to fall, the US panicked. If South Korea fell, it would place Japan, which was strategically important to the US, in danger. Therefore, the US, taking advantage of the fact both the PRC and USSR were not present at the UN (One was boycotting since the other one was unrecognized), was able to send a coalition under their control to save South Korea. However, seeing they now had the upper hand, the US had the same idea as the Soviets; wouldn’t it be useful to destroy the other Korea completely and unify it? Therefore, the coalition then decides to invade North Korea. However, at the same time, the US also sent a fleet to protect the last stronghold of the KMT; Taiwan Island. At the same time, while China expressed concern over the situation, the US ignored it as a bluff. They then threatened to drop nuclear bombs along the entire North Korea boarder, and US planes began to bomb China villages along the border. China and Russia were worried that if North Korea falls, the US would gain momentum and decide to push on and invade China and eventually the Soviet Union. Therefore, China was left with no choice but to save North Korea and prevent from falling, leading to the PLA sending reinforcements. The original plan, however, was to depose Kim completely and unify Korea under Chinese influence, with Kim actually being placed under house arrest and his command transferred to China. However, the Chinese offensive soon grinded to a halt at the 38th parallel, eventually reaching a complete stalemate. Seeing Korea could not be unified, China decided it was better to keep North Korea as a buffer between them and the US forces in South Korea than have to directly incorporate North Korea into Chinese territory, as that would put China’s border right beside the US.
After the failure in the Korean War, both China and Russia effectively got sick of North Korea, simply keeping it as a buffer, and nothing more.
Today, the situation still is effectively the same. China is still annoyed at North Korea, but still prefers it over the US. To understand why China still protects the North, it is important to consider what would happen if it didn’t help the North. If North Korea falls and is unified by the US under the Southern government, the South would likely allow US forces to be posted in the North along the Chinese border, and in parts of the Yalu Sea, which is right outside of Beijing. This would of course, be a disaster for China as a whole, and the US would have the ability to try to invade any time it wanted. Russia would also be in danger, as the US now also directly positions troops along THEIR border. Therefore, neither country dares allow North Korea to fall. After all, should North Korea actually start a war, it is agreeable that China is most likely able to defeat North Korea, even if it means some casualties. However, if there were US troops there that started a war instead, it would be a different story, and a war much harder for China to win. Therefore, the reason China supports North Korea is because China wants North Korea to be where it is so the US can not be there, which would keep China safe.
如果中国有其他选择,朝鲜将不复存在。然而,中国别无选择。
如果你在美国长大,你可能会学到,在二战期间,美国希望保持中立,支持“孤立主义”,而在冷战期间,美国却是在“遏制”GC主义。在第二次世界大战期间,美国的加入是不可避免的,但珍珠港事件加速了它。此外,尽管日本没有理由发动袭击,但也没有其他合理的选择,因为美国切断了日本的主要石油进口。此外,在珍珠港事件之前的不列颠之战中,美国曾派出飞行员帮助英国。冷战期间,美国并没有阻止俄罗斯传播GC主义,而是阻止人们建立GC主义,因为大多数GC主义国家都是出于自己的自由意志,而不是因为苏联或中国“入侵”了他们。帝国主义,美国采取了的大部分行动的方式,目的是增加其在世界各地的影响力。实际上,其他国家只有两个选择;屈服于美国,并被允许以某种方式维护自己的主权,或反抗和捍卫自己。正如你所看到的,许多国家选择了第一种方式,比如整个欧盟,它受到了美国的巨大影响。然而,许多国家仍然选择抵抗和保卫自己。
现在,你可能想知道这与朝鲜有什么关系,所以这里有个答案。这就是朝鲜存在的原因,也是朝鲜目前分裂的原因。你可能知道半岛在第二次世界大战之后被38线分割开。然而,朝鲜或韩国实际上并不希望这样,也不同意这样做。然而,在中国内战结束后,俄罗斯要求金日成入侵南韩,同时说服中国也承诺支持朝鲜,尽管两国一开始都没有采取任何行动。然而,随着南韩即将陷落,美国也陷入了恐慌。如果韩国垮台,对美国具有重要战略意义的日本将面临危险。因此,美国利用中华人民共和国和苏联都没有参加联合国的事实(其中一个是在抵制,而另一个是不被承认的),派遣一个在他们控制下的联合国军去拯救韩国。然而,看到现在占了上风,美国有了和苏联同样的想法;彻底摧毁另一个朝鲜并统一它不是很好吗?因此,联军决定入侵朝鲜。但与此同时,美国也派出舰队保护国民党最后的据点;台湾岛。与此同时,尽管中国声明对局势表示担忧,但美国将其视为虚张声势。然后,他们威胁要在整个朝鲜边界上投下核弹,美国飞机开始轰炸中国边境的村庄。中国和俄罗斯担心,如果朝鲜垮台,美国将获得动力,会继续侵略中国,最终入侵苏联。因此,中国别无选择,只能拯救朝鲜,防止其坠落,导致解放军派遣援军。然而,最初的计划是完全推翻金氏政权,在中国的影响下统一朝鲜,金实际上被软禁,他的指挥被移交给了中国。然而,中国的进攻很快就在三八线处停止了,最后完全陷入僵局。鉴于朝鲜不可能统一,中国认为,与其将朝鲜直接并入中国领土,不如把朝鲜作为他们与驻韩美军之间的缓冲地带,因为如果那样会让中国的边境紧挨着美国。
朝鲜战争失败后,中国和俄罗斯实际上都厌倦了朝鲜,只是把它当作一个缓冲区,仅此而已。
今天,形势实际上仍然是一样的。中国仍然对朝鲜感到不满,但相较于美国,仍然更喜欢朝鲜。要理解为什么中国仍在保护朝鲜,重要的是要考虑如果不帮助朝鲜会发生什么。如果朝鲜垮台,并在美国的南韩政府的领导下得到统一,韩国可能会允许美国军队驻扎在中朝边境,以及北京不远的鸭绿江的部分地区。当然,这对中国整体来说将是一场灾难,美国将有能力在任何时候试图入侵。俄罗斯也将处于危险之中,因为美国也可以直接在俄罗斯边境部署军队。因此,两国都不敢让朝鲜垮台。毕竟,如果朝鲜真的发动战争,中国最有可能的是去击败朝鲜,即使这意味着一些伤亡。然而,如果美国军队在那里发动了一场战争,那就另当别论了,中国要打赢这场战争要难得多。因此,中国支持朝鲜的原因是,中国希望朝鲜回到自己的位置,这样美国就不能来到这里,这将保证中国的安全。
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China's support of North Korea is a very strategic move that also involves historical influences.
Historical:
China has been NK's ally for so long that it cannot just abruptly decide to stop supporting it.
Strategic (the most important reasons)
Shield to Japan. North Korea has been publicly against Japan, and as recent disputes involving oil-drilling and territory claims in the Pacific between China and Japan arise, it is crucial to have a country between China and Japan so that Japan thinks wisely before it does something. Recent military reports indicate that Japan views North Korea as its primary military threat, not China. This is because although China is a lot stronger, it is also burdened by its international reputation, and that it has to at least pretend to go by the international rules. For example, it cannot just randomly declare war on Japan and shoot missiles. On the other hand, North Korea is so isolated internationally that even if it fires a few missiles in Japan's way, they will have a lot less consequence relatively.
Shield to the US. Although China has been supporting North Korea, it is very unlikely China will publicly supply North Korea weapons should it go to war with South Korea. It may do it secretly, or do it publicly and blatantly deny it, but it cannot do it directly. As a result, almost all analysts will agree that should the war start, South Korea, with the support of the US, is bound to win. If this were the case, the US military will have access to all of the peninsula, and can drive its troops all the way to Chinese borders. This is perhaps the biggest reason why China doesn't want Korea to unite.
Refugees from NK. If the war occurs between North and South Korea, millions of North Korean refugees will flee across the border to north-eastern China. This will cause great social disruption to China, and China definitely does not want it to happen.
If North and South Korea seems to be on the way to unite peacefully, China will definitely do everything it can to stop it from happening. Contrarily, if North and South Korea seem to be on the way to war, China will also try to prevent that. Keeping the unstable yet stable status quo yields the greatest benefits for China.
中国对北韩的支持是一个非常具有战略意义的举动,也具有历史性的影响。
历史:
长期以来,中国一直是北韩的盟友,因此不能突然决定停止支持它。
战略(最重要的原因)
防御日本。朝鲜一直公开反对日本,而且随着最近中国和日本在太平洋地区的石油开采和领土争端的出现,在中国和日本之间建立一个国家是至关重要的,这样日本才会在采取行动之前进行明智的思考。最近的军事报告显示,日本将朝鲜视为主要的军事威胁,而不是中国。这是因为,尽管中国实力强大得多,但它也背负着国际声誉,它至少要假装按照国际规则行事。例如,它不能随意地对日本宣战并发射导弹。另一方面,朝鲜在国际上是如此的孤立,即使它向日本发射了几枚导弹,相对而言,它受到的影响会小得多。
防御美国。尽管中国一直支持朝鲜,但如果朝鲜与韩国开战,中国不太可能公开向朝鲜提供武器。它可能秘密地做,但会公开地否认,它不能直接这么做。因此,几乎所有分析人士都会同意,如果战争爆发,在美国的支持下,韩国注定会获胜。如果是这样的话,美国军方将可以掌控朝鲜半岛的所有地区,并可以将其军队一路开到中国边境。这也许是中国不希望朝鲜统一的最大原因。
朝鲜难民。如果朝鲜和韩国之间爆发战争,数百万朝鲜难民将越过边境逃到中国东北。这将给中国带来巨大的社会干扰,中国绝对不希望这种情况发生。
如果朝鲜和韩国在和平统一的道路上,中国肯定会尽一切努力阻止它的发生。相反,如果朝鲜和韩国正在走向战争,中国也将试图阻止这种情况的发生。保持不稳定和稳定中间的现状对中国来说就是最大的利益。
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Being a Chinese university student, I ’m having a class on International relations recently. So I want to put forward several of my opinions over this matter.
China keeps our promise and treasures the friendship between China and North Korea. This FRIENDSHIP is the fruit of countless blood and perspiration. In 1950, Chinese Volunteers’ Army marched across the Yalu River without hesitation and repelled American Army to support the North Korea at the cost of 180,000 volunteers’ lives and millions of wounded personnel.
China does wish North Korea could become strong and prosperous so that the situation of Korean Peninsula would be balanced. If China doesn’t stand out to support North Korea, it will inevitably sink into turmoil, which fits in the South’s wish exactly for its wild ambition of annexing the North will be realized more easily.
North Korea is one of our closest neighbouring countries, lying on the northeast of China. Hence, consolidating the steady of North Korea ,to some extent, is equivalent to protecting the security of northeast areas of mainland. Besides, after years of intrigue, the US has already set up a “C” encirclement ring around China, from sea to land. As to this encirclement ring (an arc line form Japan, India to Afghanistan), it is one of the most important American Asia-Pacific strategies. The US has set up an Asia-Pacific military system (mainly to counter China) through ways of signing treaties and establishing military bases. And these cooperated countries and areas (according to the information I searched just now) include Japan, SK, TW, Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, India, Afghanistan and some other southeast Asian countries.
Therefore China needs an independent and stable North Korea to be the buffer zone, lest directly confrontation between China and the US.
作为一名中国大学生,我最近正在上国际关系课。因此,我想就这个问题提出几点看法。
中国信守承诺,珍惜中朝友谊。这种友谊是无数血的结晶。1950年,中国志愿军义无反顾地越过鸭绿江,以牺牲18万名志愿军生命和数百万名伤员为代价,支援朝鲜击退美国军队。
中国希望朝鲜变得强大繁荣,使朝鲜半岛局势趋于平衡。如果中国不站出来支持朝鲜,它将不可避免地陷入动荡,这正好符合南韩的愿望,即其更容易实现其吞并朝鲜的野心。
朝鲜是我们最亲密的邻国之一,位于中国东北部。因此,巩固朝鲜的稳定,在一定程度上等同于保护大陆东北地区的安全。此外,多年的实施阴谋之后,美国已经在中国各地建立了一个“C”形包围圈,从海上到陆地。对于这个包围圈(一条从日本、印度到阿富汗的圆弧线),它是美国最重要的亚太战略之一。美国通过签署条约和建立军事基地,建立了一个亚太军事体系(主要针对中国)。这些合作国家和地区包括日本、南韩、台湾、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、泰国、印度、阿富汗,以及其它东南亚国家。
因此,中国需要一个独立、稳定的朝鲜作为缓冲地带,以免中美直接对抗。
我们致力于传递世界各地老百姓最真实、最直接、最详尽的对中国的看法
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