雅虎新闻：中美贸易战爆发-农民在忧愁中等待（兼部分评论） [美国媒体]

Farmers fret and wait as US-China trade war escalates

中美贸易战爆发-农民在忧愁中等待
雅虎新闻-源自路透社



MINNEAPOLIS (AP) — Many anxious Americanfarmers are delaying purchases and investment while hoping for a truce in aU.S.-China trade war that has left their crops at a competitive disadvantageoverseas.

许多焦急的美国农场主正在推迟他们的购买和投资，期待着将他们的农产品置于海外市场的困境中的中美贸易战得以休战。

The longer the Trump administration'stariffs remain in place, the more China's retaliatory tariffs against Americanexports stand to hurt U.S. soybean and pork producers.

特朗普政府关税持续越长，中国的报复性关税给美国大豆和猪肉的出口带来的伤害就越深。

President Donald Trump's administrationon July 6 carried out its threat to impose 25 percent tariffs on $34 billionworth of Chinese products, alleging that Beijing steals or pressures U.S.companies to hand over technology. China responded with similar duties on thesame amount of U.S. imports — including soybeans and pork. The administrationJuly 10 announced a second possible round targeting $200 billion worth ofgoods. Beijing vowed "firm and forceful measures" in response.

特朗普总统管理团队在7月6日发起了对中国价值340亿美元征收25%关税的威胁，指责北京盗窃和施压美国公司为其提供技术。中国则回应以同等规模的关税-其中包括了大豆和猪肉。特朗普管理团队7月10日宣布了酝酿中第二轮2000亿美元关税计划，而北京表示将被迫采取坚决措施以回应。

"From a farmer's perspective all youcan do is wait and hope, which aren't very good options," said MichaelPetefish, who grows soybeans and corn near Claremont in southern Minnesota."If you can afford not to be selling your beans now, just put them in thebin and store them and wait for better markets. That's about all you cando."
Wanda Patsche and her husband, Chuck Patsche,stand to be doubly affected. They grow corn and soybeans and raise pigs nearWelcome in southern Minnesota. She said the main thing they and their neighborshave done to cushion themselves is to delay investment in their farmingoperation.

“从一个农场主的角度，你唯一能做的就是采取一个不是什么好的选择-等待和期望。”在明尼苏达州南部克莱蒙特种植玉米和大豆的迈克尔皮特菲斯说。“如果现在你能承受住惜售大豆（的损失），那就放在箱子里保存等待更好的市场价，你也只能做这么多了。”

"There will be no equipmentpurchases, no improvements, just holding our own. Basically a holding pattern.And hoping things are going to get worked out fairly quickly," she said.

   “也就是说不购买设备、不提升硬件，画地为牢。总的来说就是收缩经营，并且希望所有问题能够近期得到解决”她说。

Farmers often hedge against pricedownturns by selling part of their crop on the futures market, locking in anearly price for crops they'll harvest in the fall. Patsche said she and herhusband marketed a little of their 2018 crop, so they can count on a profit forthose bushels, but they'd take a loss if they sold any more at current prices.So they're hoping the markets get some good news that will send prices back up.

农场主经常采取预售的方式规避市场的低迷，锁定一个早前的价格在秋天收获后卖出。帕特赫（德语？）称她和她的丈夫已经售出了一些他们18年的作物，但如果以现货价格，无疑他们将会亏损。所以他们正希望市场有好的消息让价格回暖。
   
Greg Bartz, who farms near Sleepy Eye insouthern Minnesota's Brown County, said he sold most of his 2018 corn andsoybean crop earlier this year before trade fears sent prices plunging. Hepointed out that that's a gamble that can backfire if prices ultimately go up.

格雷格巴特兹，同样在明尼苏达南部农垦，称他讲他2018年的大豆和玉米在年内早些时候早已售出，正是担心价格的暴跌。他指出，如果价格最终回升这也是一种自伤八百的赌博。

"You never know, and you don't knowwhat production is going to be, either," said Bartz, the county's FarmBureau president.

  你永远不可能预测，你也不可能知道最终的（作物）生产最终会怎样。

One of the few things farmers can do fornow is to make themselves heard. Petefish and other farmers from the AmericanSoybean Association and the American Farm Bureau Federation descended onCapitol Hill on July 11 to tell lawmakers and staffers how they stand to becomecollateral damage in the trade war unless there's a resolution soon.

   农场主一项不多的选择就是发出声音。隶属于美国大豆协会、美国农业局联合会的皮特菲斯和其他的农场主在7月11日在国会山聚集，告诉立法者和记者们，除非解决方案出台，他们将成为贸易战下共同的牺牲者。

"A lot of people aren't veryoptimistic, unfortunately," said Petefish, president of the MinnesotaSoybean Growers Association. "They're not sure of the end game, and that'swhat everyone is trying to ascertain: What is the plan?"

  “不幸的是，许多人并不乐观.”明尼苏达大豆种植者联合会主席皮特菲斯称。“他们并不清楚这场游戏的结束时间点，并且所有人都想知道，计划到底是什么”

They also included Joe Ericson, whosefamily grows soybeans, corns and wheat near the eastern North Dakota town ofWimbledon. Ericson, president of the North Dakota Soybean Growers Association,said the tariffs put farmers like him who are Trump supporters in an awkwardposition.

这里面也包括了在温布尔登东北部一家人种植大豆、玉米的周 埃里克森家族。作为当地大豆种植协会主席的埃里克森称关税把作为特朗普支持者的他们置于了尴尬的境地。

"I fully support my president, butit's tough to defend it," he said. "We don't really defend tariffs;we defend fair trade. We wish there were other ways he could go about finding asolution."

他说“我完全支持我的总统，但是为它（关税制裁）辩解太难了。”“我们并不拥护关税壁垒；我们拥护自由贸易”，我们希望他有其他的方式来解决问题

Petefish has been telling people how theprice plunge is already costing farmers like him. Soybeans have dropped morethan $2 a bushel on the Chicago Board of Trade in the last few weeks due to thetrade tensions. That means the 2017 beans left in his bins are suddenly worth alot less.

皮特菲斯向人们讲述价格暴跌给农场主带来的损失。在过去的几周内，贸易战的紧张造成芝加哥交易大厅的大豆每单位销售价格已经跌去了2美元，让他所储存的2017年大豆价值瞬间损失惨重。

"On my farm it's the equivalent of$250,000 ... in lost value," he said.

“在我的农场，这是35万美元的亏损”他说。

And that hit comes on top of already lowcommodity prices that have cut farm incomes by 50 percent since 2012, he said.

并且这是给自2012年以来腰斩的低迷价格雪上加霜。

"If you're not already in the red,this will push you into the red for this year," he said.

“如果说你不在警戒区内，今年这将把你推进警戒区”他说

The ultimate impacts may become clearerthis fall. At that point many farmers may have to sell at least part of theirnew crops at the market price, as low as it may be, just to pay bills.

  最终的影响在秋季将揭晓，在这个基础上许多农民将会不得不以市场价格销售他们的作物，不管价格多么低，为了维持生计。

"We forward-contracted a lot of ourstuff, but if it continues on, next year will be tighter," Ericson said."If you did a good job marketing I think you'll be OK. A lot of peopleselling right off the combine — that's going to hurt them. When the combinesstart rolling, that's when you'll really start seeing it."

“我们与许多员工续约了，如果情况继续，那么明年将非常难熬。”埃里克森说“如果你在销售环节做的不错，我想你就没问题。许多人以预售和现货混合的方式毫不犹豫卖掉了库存，这会导致他们利益受损。而你看到这种人越来越多的时候，那么就是市场向下的关键点”

Trump trade adviser Peter Navarro lastmonth said the administration would have farmers' backs, Petefish recalled.

皮特菲斯回想起特朗普的贸易顾问皮特纳瓦罗上个月说管理团队得到了农场主的鼎力支持。

"Right now farmers don't know whatthat means," he added.

他说“现在农场主可并不这么认为”

China will play the long game and keep the pressure ontill after 2020 elections. They don't want 4 more years of Trump. I'm in thefishing industry, were getting hammered too.

中国将会一直把这个漫长的施压游戏玩到2020年总统大选。他们不会希望特朗普再来4年。我在渔业行业，也被打击的的不轻。

14 hours ago
Don't plan on growing anything that was a principalexport to China.

不要种任何销往中国的主要作物。

15 hours ago
Sadly, but common for Mr. Trump to beat down his"voter base" after he used 'em and used 'em good. Did you think Trumpwas concerned about farming, concerned about Main Street Americans...sorry youdrank that Kool-Aid Trump prepared for you!
By unsettlingsound on

悲剧的是，在被利用和利用到极致后，被打击的最狠得是特朗普的票仓人群。你们还真以为特朗普真的在意农业、关心主流美国人？对不起，那你是喝多了特朗普的迷魂汤！

15 hours ago
The rich are getting richer and the poor are gettingpoorer...

富的越富，穷的越穷

11 hours ago
ZERO sympathy for these people. They voted for Trump, andnow they will pay the literal price for him.

对这些人毫无同情。他们投票给特朗普，现在他们为这件事买单。

11 hours ago
Most farmers I ever see drive BRAND NEW TRUCKS. Everyyear a BRAND NEW TRUCK.

我见过的绝大多数农民都开新皮卡,每年都一台新的!

13 hours ago
Farmers love Trump.

农场主爱特朗普。

3 hours ago
if the trade war takes too long to resolve, China willlook at another supply source and in fact they have already did. So this meansUS is losing its long term customer and this customer (China) once they haveestablished good business relationship with any supplier in other countries,they will unlikely return to the US.
13 hours ago

如果贸易战问题得不到尽快解决，中国会寻找新的供货方，事实上他们已经这么干了。也就意味着美国失去了中国这个长期客户。

There is always coal jobs.
15 hours ago

他们还可以去挖煤。

Trump is right on tariff's and with China tariff increaseon soybeans the decline in price doesnt make sense since the world needs the USproduction. Just an article today where importers are snapping up our low costbeans now because of the price decline......
12 hours ago

特朗普征收中国关税是正确的，中国征收大豆关税、而我们大豆跌价完全不合理，因为世界需要美国作物供给。这文章只不过是一个片面反应进口者抢购我们降价后的低价大豆。

By collecting 25% tariff (tax) of US$500 billion, whichis 125 billion, of import from China. This government shall be able tosubsidize (help) farmers by that amount. Farmers, don't worry.
9 hours ago

500亿美元关税的四分之一是125亿美元，政府完全可以用这笔钱帮助农场主。不要慌！

"We wish there were other ways he could go aboutfinding a solution."
（文中）
We usually want a "strong", that is, expensive dollar, because thatmeans foreign goods and services are cheaper. The flip side of that coin isthat our farmers' corn, soy beans and wheat cost more to foreign buyers. If thedollar were "weaker", that is cheaper, farmers and exporters ingeneral would be able to sell more because in foreign currency our productswould be cheaper than competitor countries'. So that's really one of your"other ways to find a solution." A more expensive dollar is likeeating your seed corn, so to speak. A cheaper dollar sells product. You canbank that money for later.

我们通常需要一个坚挺、强势的美元。因为这意味着外国产品和服务更加便宜。而负面影响就是我们的农业产出的玉米、大豆和麦子对于国外买家而言更加贵了。如果美元变得弱势，也就是便宜，农场主和出口商就会国外的竞争者便宜。所以就是说另一种方式就是，一个强势的美元是自掘根基，而一个弱势的美元可以促进出口，你可以存钱等升值。

14 hours ago
I hope farmers go broke ! As a lot, you supported Drumpf,you deserve the consequences for your actions. Farmers, as a lot, are staunchly(R), for misguided belief that if you have a (D) you can't be good. Well, youcomplain about troll whistles like $$ for social programs, but you're okay withbillions to farmers. Sounds real democratic. Hope a bunch of you lose yourfarms.

我希望农场主破产！你们一大把人支持了特朗普，你们自食恶果。农场主大部分都是共和党，还都坚定抱着对民主党都是渣渣的偏见。好吧，你们不同意资金投向社会福利项目，但大把钱投向农场主就没问题（双标），听起来真民主，希望你们中的大部分破产。
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