外媒：国会对中国宣传机器宣战 [美国媒体]

-------------译者：mitsuaki-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



The Countering Information Warfare Act of 2016 (S.2692) was introduced in the Senate on March 16, and has since been read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. Sponsored by Senator Rob Portman (R-OH) and Senator Christopher Murphy (D-CT), the new bipartisan legislation is intended to counter foreign propaganda and disinformation operations.

3月16日，Rob Portman参议员和Christopher Murphy参议员在参议院联署提出了《2016年反信息战法案》。该法案在经过二读后已经被提交至参议院外交关系委员会。这项新的两党联立的法案意在打击外国政府的政治宣传和散布虚假消息的行径。

The bill recognizes that foreign governments, including the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, have engaged heavily in sophisticated, comprehensive and long-term efforts to manipulate and control information, to achieve national objectives at the expense of U.S. allies, interests, and values. While the U.S. has a long history of legislation countering Russian propaganda, which traces back to the “war of ideas” that underpinned the Soviet clash with the West, this is the first time Congress has introduced policy measures to directly address the threat of China's aggressive comprehensive information operations doctrine.

该法案认为，包括俄罗斯联邦和中华人民共和国政府在内的外国政府，在操纵和控制信息上，早已开始进行复杂全面的长期性的努力，其意图在于达到使美国在盟友、利益和价值观上均付出代价的国家目标。虽然美国在打击苏联政治宣传的立法上可以追溯到冷战时代的“意识形态战争”，但这是美国国会第一次直接针对中国政府引入政策工具，以应对该国咄咄逼人的全面信息战理论。

-------------译者：MayI-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

The People's Liberation Army (PLA) combines psychological warfare, media warfare and the manipulation of legal arguments (lawfare) with more technical aspects of information operations to not only disrupt enemy information control capabilities (while maintaining its own), but also to influence both domestic and international audiences' decision-making processes in ways that build support for China's military operations.This scope of information operations is used to undermine technologically superior adversaries, such as the United States,by transcending the normal spectrum of conflict.In the Chinese strategic tradition, this achieves ideals of nonviolence and subduing the enemy without fighting at all.

解放军（PLA）将心理战，舆论战和对法律论据的操纵（法律战）  结合信息操纵的其他技术手段，不仅破坏了敌对方信息控制功能（同时保持其自身的控制能力），也影响国内和国际受众的决策过程， 反而为中国的军事行动获得了支持。这种信息操纵策略超出了一般的正面冲突，会危害技术更好的敌对方，如美国。在中国的战略传统中，这就达到了不战而屈人之兵的理念。

-------------译者：laoaoe-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Given U.S. reliance on a high-performance, networked information infrastructure and dependence on precision-strike and conventional warfare capabilities, there has been increasing concern in Washington about the national-security impact of China's unconventional use of manipulative political and ideological activities that target the United States. Overseas Chinese state-media broadcasting and paid newspaper inserts regularly contribute to perception management of the Chinese Communist Party's one-party rule and military operations. Recent maritime incidents and military exercises serve to divide U.S. alliances and undermine any justification for U.S. presence in the Asia-Pacific.

考虑到美国对其高效的网络信息基础设施建设的以及精确打击和常规作战能力的依赖，华盛顿开始愈发担心中国对美日益增多的政治与意识形态宣传活动会对美国国防安全产生冲击。海外的中国国有媒体的广播与定期在报纸上的广告植入对公众在中共一党专政及军事行动等问题上作出了认知上的影响。近期的海上冲突及军演目的也是分化美国的盟友并且逐渐破坏美国在亚太存在的合理合法性。

In a set of remarks delivered at the Atlantic Council, Senator Portman explained: “China spends billions annually on its foreign propaganda efforts…Chinese land reclamation in the South China Sea is another recent example of how effective disinformation operations can be used to seize the initiative and catch the United States and its allies off-guard and unprepared.”

在大西洋理事会上发表的一系列言论中，参议院波特曼解释道：“中国每年花费数十亿美元用于其海外宣传的目的...中国在南海的填海事件是另一个例子，告诉我们制造假消息的活动能够在多大程度上抓住主动权并在美国及盟友毫无防备的时候抓住先机。


-------------译者：mowgly-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Natural Order • 14 minutes ago
LOL... at this article. American warships off of Chinese coast is propaganda too. LOL

 笑死了...在这篇文章。美国战舰驶近中国海岸也是中国的政治宣传吗。笑死了
 
Frank Blangeard • 3 hours ago
First of all, twenty million dollars for two years is nothing for Washington. They will probably burn through that without coming up with anything. Second, the United States is already churning out propaganda at an amazing rate. Read it right in here in TNI every day. Not all the articles here are propaganda but many are filled with it or at the very least throw in a few pieces. And the mainstream media are complete lapdogs of the establishment. What is bothering the people in Washington is the internet and the freedom of speech and dissemination of information that goes with it.

首先，华盛顿花了2年时间和2000万美元什么也没做成。他们很可能花光了所有却什么办法也想不出来。第二，美国已经迅速地炮制了大量的文宣。每天读一读TNI吧，就在这里。不是所有的文章都是文宣，但是许多文章充斥着文宣或至少塞进了几个篇幅。主流媒体纯粹是权势集团的哈巴狗。让华盛顿的精英们感到烦恼的是网络、言论自由以及信息的传播。

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

thesurvivor • 2 hours ago
US already has a massive propaganda machine and is now directed mainly at China. Frankly, China would have collapsed, become another Ukraine, if not for the strict control. This is the dirty truth few people dare to admit.
What nonsense 20 million dollar budget? Radio Free Asia and the National Endowment for Democracy each has 100s of millions of dollar of annual budget.

美国的宣传机器庞大，现在主要针对中国。坦白说，如果中国不进行严格控制，现在可能已经崩溃，变成第二个乌克兰了。这是很少有人敢于承认的肮脏事实。
2000万美元预算？真是胡说八道。自由亚洲电台和国家民主基金会每年的预算都达到了数亿美元。
 
Intul i5 • 3 hours ago
Since we're talking Internet. I would like to mention that Google was invented by a Russian born computer engineer. Just saying, without foreign talent can the Mad dogs build anything on their own?
Anyways, I wouldn't be so surprise if Google had embedded backdoor's back to Moscow.

由于我们现在是在谈论因特网。我想说的是谷歌是俄罗斯出生的电脑工程师发明的。说说而已。没有外国人才的帮助，疯狗们能靠自己干出点成绩来吗？
总之，如果谷歌在俄罗斯安装了后门，我也不会感到惊讶。

-------------译者：风吹树梢-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Missile  Intul i5 • an hour ago
China can't build anything on their own. The entire Chinese IT infrastructure has backdoors to the US.

中国无法靠自己建造任何东西。整个的中国IT基建都有美国技术的影子。
 
Fre Okin • 3 hours ago
To be fair, all countries practise disinformation, misinformation, deliberate omissions. China is far less capable in influencing the West as perceived. Their style is boring, not slick, just repetitive. It is more a turn off style than one with ability to influence others. Brand China is so bad in the West it is hard to believe anybody would believe what they say!

 说真的，所有的国家都搞虚假的情报、误导的情报，和故意泄露的情报等等。目前中国没什么本事可以影响西方。他们的方式太呆板，没什么技巧，就是重复说教。如果一个国家想影响其它国家，它得有技巧得多。中国品牌在西方世界臭不可闻，谁会相信他们的说法？
 
ImperiumVita  Fre Okin • 2 hours ago
Nobody who has access to truthful and objective information does.

能接触到真实客观信息的人就不会相信中国的宣传。

-------------译者：mowgly-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Fre Okin  ImperiumVita • 2 hours ago
Ha ha ha. Learn from Donald Rumsfield. You cannot know the Unknowns. The Unknowns are Unknowable, so you and I are just Outsiders Guessing. Fair to say We are all susceptible to being Brainwashed by Any government, be it China, Russia or US. Big Brother is a beast!

 哈哈哈。从Donald Rumsfield学到了教训。你不能知道未知的东西。未知的东西是不可能知道的，因此你和我仅仅是瞎猜的局外人。公平的说，我们都易被政府洗脑，中国，俄国或者在美国。大国都是野兽！
 
Yves  Fre Okin • 3 hours ago
 good job，bro！

说的好，讚！
 
Wong K Ming Wa • 2 hours ago
Sino-US public opinion war - Between bouts Non-smoke of gunpowder battlefield

(480p) 《直播港澳台》20160428
中美公众舆论战---无烟火药的战场多回合较量
https://www.youtube.com/watch?...
 
Pacemaker4 • 3 hours ago
Ross Perot was right in the 90's ... but after decades of competing to get in bed with China now its finally hit home...

Ross Perot（美国一个商业大亨，译者注）在90年代是正确的，但是相互争着和中国上床几十年后，现在终于被击中要害了...

-------------译者：maggicqueen99-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Fre Okin  Pacemaker4 • 3 hours ago
You mean the Giant Sucking Sound went to China instead of Mexico? If so, blame it on Corporate America. America is always business first, so nothing shocking about this.

你的意思是说这些就业机会都流失到中国而不是墨西哥？如果这样的话，就归咎于“美国公司”。美国总是生意第一，所以这个没啥好震惊的。
 
Missile  Fre Okin • 2 hours ago
So is China.

中国也一样。
 
Pacemaker4  Fre Okin • 3 hours ago
yep Sure didn't help Canada.... NAFTA was a joke. free trade is a myth... still massive issues over lumber.

是啊当然没帮到加拿大......北美自由贸易协定就是一个玩笑。自由贸易是一个神话......就算木材交易都有很多问题。
 
Fre Okin  Pacemaker4 • 3 hours ago
Free trade is inexorable and global now. The common people suffer. Blame it on the Corporation model, that faceless 'person entity' dictating real people's destiny. So got Nothing to do with China per

现在，自由贸易不可阻挡而且全球化了。普通人受苦。要怪就怪公司模式咯，面目模糊的“人类实体”决定了现实世界中人类的命运。所以其实跟中国没关系。