朝韩两国领导人又演了一出好戏 [美国媒体]

But can they entice America back to the negotiating table?

但是他们能够说服美国重回谈判桌吗？

THE setting keeps changing; the pictures, not so much. Kim Jong Un, North Korea’s dictator, welcomed Moon Jae-in, the South’s president, to Pyongyang airport on September 18th for their third summit since April. As during the previous two, there were hugs and smiles galore. Some were reserved for the North Korean children who presented Mr Moon and his wife with bouquets and military salutes. Later, the two leaders went on a jaunt in an open-topped limo through Pyongyang. The streets were lined with women in brightly coloured traditional dresses, who waved yet more bouquets and sent up cheers of “Unification!”

环境一直在发生变化；照片却不会。9月18日，朝鲜独裁者金正恩在平壤机场欢迎韩国总统文在寅，这是他们自4月以来的第三次峰会。正如同先前的峰会一样，现场充满了拥抱和欢声笑语。文在寅夫妇也拥抱了为他们献花和敬军礼的朝鲜孩子们。随后，两位领导人登上敞篷轿车共同短暂游览了平壤。道路两旁站满了身着鲜艳传统服饰的妇女，她们挥舞着更多的花束，并高喊“统一！”

On the second day of the three-day summit the two leaders unveiled a joint statement at a press conference broadcast live on North Korean state television as well as channels from the South. It was as upbeat as Mr Moon’s reception. He and Mr Kim blithely pledged to turn the Korean peninsula into “a land of peace without nuclear weapons or nuclear threats”.

在（为期三天的）峰会的第二天，两位领导人在朝鲜国家电视台和韩国电视台的新闻发布会直播中发表了一份共同声明。这和文在寅总统的招待会一样令人振奋。他和金正恩愉快地承诺将朝鲜半岛变成“一个没有核武器或核威胁的和平之地”。

Building on the Panmunjom declaration, which the two men signed at their first summit in April, the agreement showed a clear commitment to deepen inter-Korean ties. Mr Kim said he would visit Seoul “in the near future”. The two pledged to restore road- and rail-links between North and South before the end of the year and to put in a joint bid to host the Olympics in 2032. In Seoul, the South’s capital, subway stations were decked out in ads for the summit that featured mock Seoul-Pyongyang train tickets superimposed on a map of the peninsula and promised “further miracles”. The leaders also vowed to reduce military tensions. A 55-page addendum signed by their defence ministers stipulated the movement of guard posts away from the border and the end of military exercises near it, among other things. Chung Eui-yong, Mr Moon’s national security adviser, called it “effectively a non-aggression pact”.

基于两人在四月的第一次峰会上签署的《板门店宣言》的基础上，这一声明显示了深化朝韩关系的决心。金正恩表示，它将在“不久的未来”访问首尔。两人承诺在今年年底前恢复南北之间的公路和铁路联通，并共同申办2032年奥运会。在韩国首都首尔的地铁站里都贴上了峰会的宣传广告，广告中朝鲜半岛地图的上画上了一张首尔-平壤的火车车票，并承诺“进一步创造奇迹”。两国领导人还承诺缓解军事紧张局势。南北两国国防部长签署了一份长达55页的备忘录，规定从边境线上将军事哨所撤除，停止在边境线上进行军事演习等。文在寅的国家安全顾问钟义勇称“这实际上是一项互不侵犯条约”。

The economic measures set out in the agreement cannot be implemented without an easing of international sanctions, however. That would require American support. Mr Moon had hoped to get Mr Kim to announce bold steps towards giving up his nuclear weapons, to help convince America that the North was sincere. On this the agreement was less eye-catching. Mr Kim promised to dismantle the missile-testing site at Dongchang-ri in the presence of “experts from relevant countries” and, should America make reciprocal concessions, to close the Yongbyon nuclear site. But he made no mention of an inventory of his nuclear arsenal or a timeline to dismantle it. As it stands, the agreement is unlikely to persuade America to ease sanctions or sign a peace treaty, even though Mr Trump pronounced it “very exciting” in a tweet.

然而，如果不放松国际制裁，那么协议中的经济措施将无法实施。而这就需要美国的支持。文在寅总统本希望让金正恩宣布放弃朝鲜核武器的实际步骤以帮助其说服美国相信朝鲜的诚意。在这一点上，这项协议就不那么引人注目了。金正恩承诺在“相关国家专家”在场的情况下拆除东仓里的导弹试验场地，如果美国作出进一步让步，朝鲜也将关闭宁边的核试验设施。但是金正恩未曾提及朝鲜的核武库的存量或拆除工作的时间表。按照现实情况来看，这项协议不可能说服美国放松制裁或签署和平协议，即使特朗普曾在推特上发文称这“令人十分兴奋”。

“What matters now is if Kim offered anything extra for Moon to take to Trump,” says Christopher Green of the International Crisis Group, a think-tank. Mr Moon is meeting Mr Trump in a few days, and may have an offer of some sort to convey. But the gap between America’s expectations and the North’s is getting harder to bridge. As he surveyed the peninsula from the top of Mount Paektu, a stroll up which was the final stop on his trip to the North, Mr Moon may have been wondering whether his success as a mediator has peaked.

智库国际危机组织表示，“现在重要的是金正恩是否会给文在寅提供额外条件让其说服特朗普。”文在寅将在几天后会见特朗普，可能会向其提供一些形式的建议。但是美朝两国在各自期望上的差距越来越难以弥合。当文在寅在白头山上俯瞰半岛全貌（朝鲜之行的最后一站）时，他可能在想，自己作为调停人的成败已经可以预见了。