中国有多“任人唯亲”？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Boost-CatUnited States 于 7小时前 发表
Recently I have learned that China as a result of its familial culture engages in a large amount of Nepotism. How true is this? What is the logic behind supporting Nepotism over merit?

我最近了解到，由于其家族文化，中国很是“任人唯亲”。这是真的吗？任人“唯亲”多过看重“能力”是出于什么逻辑呢？

-------------译者：668-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

–]rogerwilco42 22 指标 6小时前 
Many jobs are gotten through nepotism. Also many jobs are bought. Merit seems to run a distant third in acquiring jobs.
My theory is that most Chinese do not trust other Chinese. Nepotism is favored because supposedly you can trust family more than non-family members.
Foreigners don't have to buy their jobs but many Chinese do have to pay an amount equal to or more than a years salary to buy their jobs.

许多工作都是靠裙带关系获得的。也有很多工作是买来的。个人功绩似乎在获得就业方面上远排第三位。我的推测是，大多数中国人不信任其他中国人。裙带关系之所以受到青睐，大概是因为家庭成员比非家庭成员更值得信任。外国人不需要去买他们的工作，但是，许多中国人确实需要支付相当于或超过其一年的工资才能买到他们的工作。

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States 15 指标 3小时前 
“My theory is that most Chinese do not trust other Chinese. Nepotism is favored because supposedly you can trust family more than non-family members.”
I'm not sure that is even about trust as much as it is about the fact that it's slightly harder for your family members to screw you over without repercussions.

“我的推测是，大多数中国人不信任其他中国人。裙带关系之所以受到青睐，大概是因为家庭成员比非家庭成员更值得信任。”
我不确定这是否与信任有关，因为事实上，你的家庭成员在不承担后果的情况下不好意思敲你竹杠。

But yeah in general? Many people are super competitive. They will fight each other tooth and nail over scraps cheat and scam each other to get ahead whatever.
Which baffles me as to how they can be so nationalistic at the same time.
They love "China" but hate their countrymen.
Me I go just the opposite way. Chinese people are pretty great overall. But fuck nationalism and statism.

但总的来说是吗？很多人超级有竞争意识的，他们为了获得成功会使尽浑身解数，欺骗、设局、拼死争斗。让我很困惑的是他们怎么能同时如此的民族主义。他们爱“中国”，却恨他们的同胞。我呢则正好相反。中国人民总的来说是相当不错的。但去他妈的民族主义和中央集权主义。

[–]LaoSh 0 指标 59 分钟前 
That is true in all communist societies. Humans naturally want to better themselves so if the only way of being better off than your neighbor is criminalized then it will create criminality in the society.

所有的GCZY社会都是这样的。人类本能地希望自己过得更好，所以如果要过得比你的邻居好的唯一方式是犯罪，那么这个社会就会滋生很多犯罪行为。

[–]NumerusBatavorum 5 指标 5小时前 
“Nepotism is favored because supposedly you can trust family more than non-family members.”
Was gonna say this and there's also an inner circle or 'clique' mentality as well where people outside of the clique are not trusted.

“裙带关系之所以受到青睐，大概是因为家庭成员比非家庭成员更值得信任。”
正要说这一点，也有一个内部圈子或“派系”的心态原因，即圈外的人都不受信任。

[–]baspeysp 3 指标 4小时前 
The Great Leap Forward has permanently killed off trust in Chinese society and ironically the concept of 'public good'.
After all if your family has been starving for 2 generations and anyone could be a snitch there is only one 'in' group you will care about.

大跃进已经永久地扼杀了人们对中国社会的信任，讽刺的是，“公共利益”的思想也被扼杀了。也是，如果你的家族已经饿了有两代人，谁都可能是告密者，那么集体中你唯一在乎的就是家庭这个小团体。

[–]LaoSh 1 指标 57 分钟前 
Its not that people outside of the circle can't be trusted its just that if your goals do not align and you are outside of the circle then you are an enemy. If you have totally separate professional goals then they are trusting to a fault when it comes to interpersonal matters.

不是团体以外的人不受信任，只是如果你们的目标不一致，你就被排挤在圈子外，那么你就是敌人。如果你们有完全不同的职业目标，那么当涉及到人际关系问题时，他们就是过度信赖。

-------------译者：668-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

[–]takeitchillish 5 指标 4小时前 
But buying jobs is more common in SOEs and in the government as these jobs are jobs for life. No one buys jobs in private companies as these are not really jobs for life.

但是，在国有企业和政府中购买工作更常见，因为这些地方的工作是终身制的。没有人会在私有公司买工作，因为私有公司的工作并不是终身的。

[–]rogerwilco42 1 指标 2小时前 
Buying a promotion is also a big problem in the Chinese military. Merit and competence is not really considered. It is almost all about who you know and how much you are willing to pay to be promoted.

在中国军队里，花钱买工作职位晋升也是一个大问题。他们不考虑一个人的优点和能力。几乎一切都取决于你所认识的人，以及你愿意付出多少钱来获得晋升。

[–]TheDark1 11 指标 4小时前 
Not true. China is an egalitarian technocratic communist socialist capitalist meritocratic paradise.

不对，中国是一个平等主义、技术统治主义、GCZY、社会主义、资本主义和精英主义的天堂。

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States 3 指标 3小时前 
“Not true. China is an egalitarian technocratic communist socialist capitalist meritocratic paradise.”
I do marvel at the doublethink needed to be pro-party sometimes.

“不对，中国是一个平等主义、技术统治主义、GCZY、社会主义、资本主义和精英主义的天堂。”
我对这种双重思想感到惊讶，看来有时是要支持下党的。

[–]caonimadepi 1 指标 4小时前 
careful with that edge I almost cut myself mod.

别在挨打的边缘试探，我差点坑了我自己。

[–]irresistiblebadidea 5 指标 6小时前 
Very true. Look up 'guanxi'.
Also worth to look up '公私分明'.

非常正确，你既要改善“关系”，也要注意“公私分明”。

[–]kosherkomrade 3 指标 4小时前 
Being qualified is good being the owner's idiot cousin is better. Nevermind that the survival of the business depends on competence.

有能力是好事，但做老板的白痴表弟更好。不要理会企业的生存取决于能力这种屁话。

[–]ting_bu_dongUnited States 1 指标 3小时前 
When does the survival of the business depend on competence in a guanxi system?

什么时候企业的生存取决于关系网中的能力了？

[–]LaoSh 1 指标 54 分钟前 
The survival of the business depends on keeping the right people happy. The GDPPC relies on competence and we have all seen how China is doing on that front.

企业的生存取决于让对的人高兴。人均GDP依赖于能力，我们都看到了中国之前在这方面是怎样表现的。

-------------译者：668-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

[–]HautamakiCanada 2 指标 1小时前 
In government or SOE jobs careers are for sale and you basically won’t get hired without a huge bribe or great connections. This is largely because competence isn’t that necessary for the job and the standard pay is crappy so the real money often comes from under the table which often includes selling jobs. Meanwhile buying the job is worthwhile because it’s basically lifelong career stability and if you are actually competent you can advance to a position where you can sell jobs yourself or do some other under the table stuff to make real money while if your incompetent this is by far the most ‘face’ you could ever hope to get since you’re incompetence would actually have consequences and result in you probably getting fired and losing tons of face in the private sector.

在政府或国有企业的工作中，职位是可以出售的，如果没有巨额贿赂或好的关系人，你基本上是不会被雇用的。这在很大程度上是因为胜任能力对这份工作来说不是必要的。而且标准工资太低了，所以真正的大钱往往都是私下得来的，通常包括买卖工作这种事情。同时，买的工作基本上都是终身稳定的职业，所以非常值得。如果你真的有能力，你可以晋升到一个职位同时卖掉你自己原来的职位，或者私下做一些其他的工作来赚大钱。如果你不称职，那么（给你这份工作）就是你能得到的最大“面子”，因为在私营部门你若无能力胜任，实际上会导致你被解雇，丢脸丢大发的结果。

In private businesses jobs for sale are rarer because unlike government jobs or soes which can get unlimited free loans from the state owned banks which likewise get unlimited free money from the state owned mint the private company actually needs competent employees in order to remain profitable. However private companies especially smaller ones do keep some room for nepotism hires because giving a job to your family member is often a matter of maintaining family relationships and also because you can trust your own family member to rob you a little less than strangers.

因为不像政府的工作或国有企业可以从国有银行获得无限的自由贷款；在私人企业中，待售的职位更稀少，同样地，私营公司从国有造币厂获得无限的免费资金，实际上需要称职的员工才能保持盈利。然而，私人公司，尤其是小公司，确实会因裙带关系而留些工作空缺岗位，因为给你的家庭成员提供一份工作往往可以维护家庭关系，而且因为你可以更信任自己的家庭成员些，不怕他们像陌生人一样敲你竹杠。

[–]aghicantthinkofaname 1 指标 3小时前 
Are you serious?

你是认真的吗？

[–]loned__ 1 指标 2小时前 
Depends on the region.
Typically I like to say that Southern people focus on family relationships while Northen people focus on government relationships. Shanghai is probably the best place for people want clear cut business relationship.

这取决于你在哪个地区。通常，我会说，南方人注重家庭关系，而北方人注重政府关系。上海可能是人们想要明确商业工作关系的最好地方。

Foreigner doesn’t need to consider any of this because they’re price makers. As long as China has a high demand on White English teacher you don’t need to worry about relationship. Remember only those who aren’t qualitfied are subjected to Nepotism.

外国人不需要考虑这些，因为他们是价格制定者。只要中国对白人英语教师有很高的需求量，你就不用担心关系的问题。记住，只有那些没有能力的人才会受到裙带关系的影响。

[–]Talldarkn67 1 指标 1小时前 
Nepostism while more visible in Chinese society is a world wide problem. Its not as if someone in insert country that has a wealthy daddy doesnt have better job prospects and opportunities than someone who doesnt. How many politicians in insert country are someones wife brother son uncle etc.? How many company presidents vice presidents are there due to family ties? This is the way of the world. Its not what you know. Its who you know or who your related to. Hence the never ending loop that humanity has been stuck in since the beggining of human history. Where one generation build something up and the following generations tear it down due to entitlement and nepotism.

裙带关系虽然在中国社会中表现更为明显，但却是一个世界性的问题。这并不是说有有钱老爸的人的就业前景和工作机会不会比那些没有钱老爸的人更多更好，你所在国有多少政治家是某人的妻子、兄弟、儿子、叔叔等？有多少人是因为家族关系当上公司总裁、副总裁的？这就是世界的法则。不是你知道的，而是你认识的人或者与你有关的人。因此，人类自人类历史开端以来就陷入了永无止境的循环之中。一代人建立的东西，到下一代人会因为权力和裙带关系而瓦解。