学习繁体字是否对学习中国古代汉语和古诗更有利？ [美国媒体]

Is it better to learn Classical Chinese andancient Chinese poems with Traditional Chinese?

学习繁体字是否对学习中国古代汉语和古诗更有利




Feifei Wang, I spend about the same amountof my life in China and in the US.
Written Mar 12, 2016
Learning Chinese poems in traditionalChinese is like learning Shakespeare in British English. We assume BritishEnglish (colour vs color) is probably slightly closer to how Shakespeare'sworks were originally written and/or sounded. But learning it in AmericanEnglish doesn't really diminish its beauty

通过繁体字来学习古诗，就好比用英式英语来学习莎士比亚。通常认为，英式英语在书写方式和读音上，可能更接近莎士比亚创作时的状态。即便如此，莎士比亚作品的优美，也不因为通过美式英语来学习而减弱分毫。

Tinyheaven
Written Mar 29, 2016
let me give you one example,床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。-simplified Chinese
床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。traditional Chinese.
This poem ,called 静夜思，writtenby Libai in Tang Dynasty, is our most famous one ,which must be taught in thevery early age, have no such differences between traditional one and modernone,and, it is easier to be understood. that's why it became pop.
Someone may say traditional characters aremore elegant and modern one have lost some meaning.I  don't think so.Firstly, as u have seen, 举 and 举，the upper part is different, well, when Chinese experts create 举，they haveconcerned its old one,maybe,because of handwriting things,we call Xingshu, thefaster  one and it don't lose its beauty,and Caoshu, the most fast one.
If u are really care about its originalmeaning, we have Jiaguwen, which means words written on bones, having more thanseven thousands years.
ShuoWen JieZi,which is based on Jaguwen andsome other traditional Chinese, good for handwriting training, but are hard tounderstand(I'm Chinese Graduate,having read it a little, is really hardto  understand what each sentence means)
In one word,we have the history ,andChinese Character is developing and changing,u need to know why it change,whatdirection it had gone for ,what direction it will go for. but no just confusedabout which one is better.

举个简单的例子，简体字版本：“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡”；繁体字版本：“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡”。
这首诗叫静夜思，作者是唐朝着名诗人李白，中国人通常在非常年幼的时候就会学习这首诗。从例子上可以看出，简体版本和繁体版本基本没有差别，同样容易理解，这也是这首诗如此风靡的原因。
有些人可能会认为繁体字更优雅，而简体字丢失了许多内涵。我不这么认为，比如“举”和 “举”，很明显这两个字上半部分是不同的，当中国专家创造“举”这个字时，是有书法上的考虑的，在古代，“举”用于行书，而“举”用于书写速度更快的草书，并没有损害其内涵。
如果你真的对汉字的原始含义感兴趣，我们还有“甲骨文”，意思是写在骨头上的字，已有七千年以上的历史。
推荐《说文解字》，这本书基于甲骨文和部分繁体字，阅读它会对你的汉字书写有帮助，不过阅读难度较大（我是中国研究生，读过一部分，十分难以理解）。
从另一个方面来说，我们（中国）有着悠久的历史，汉字也在漫长的时光中不断演变，你需要知道它演变的原因，从哪里来，到哪里去，而不是简单的比较其优劣。

Taizhi Lu, works at The University ofAlabama
Written Mar 15, 2016
Yes. Because Classical Chinese charactershave different meanings with moedern Chinese. CC uses 1 character as a wordwhile MC uses 2 normally.
Examples:
Character                          CC                                      MC
走                               run/leave                          walk/go  
行人                          diplomat                            people who are walking
People who are walking/travelling in theancient world (normally 2k years gao) were usually diplomat.
So if you want to understand the poems inCC better, you need to know their meanings at first.

当然了，因为古代汉语与现代汉语有着不同的含义。古代汉语用单字作词，而现代汉语的词通常是两个字。
汉字                          古代                                   现代
走                               跑/离开                             步行/去
行人                          外交官                              在路上走的人
因为在两千年以前，在各地走/旅行的人通常是外交官
所以，想要理解古典汉字写就的古诗，首先要知道它最初的含义。

Ka Hei Kan, US Army NCO, math teacher,statistician, MS/BS in Math, BA in History, Hong Kong
Written Mar 12, 2016
To truly understand Chinese poetry, youmust first understand the language, culture, and history at the time, otherwiseyou risk not understand or misunderstanding the meaning behind those poems.
Is fact, certain poems' meanings are stillbeing debated among Chinese scholars now.

要想真正了解中国诗词，你首先要了解它的语言、文化和历史，否则你有可能难以理解甚至误解诗歌背后真正的含义。
实际上，某些诗歌的意思在中国学术界尚处争论。

Peter Queen, China student.like tech.Prefer apple
Written Mar 24, 2016
Come on dude.
As a Chinese. I cannot understand ancientChinese easily.
Some how. Modern Chinese is still difficultto understand
For example.“duang ”created by jackChen.  If you don't know the background about this word. Even you are anative Chibese , you still cannot know that.
After all. We Chinese language is too deepto understand.

得了吧老兄
作为中国人，我都不敢说很容易理解古诗。
在某种程度上，现代汉语同样难以理解。
比如成龙创造的“duang”，如果不了知道这个字的背景。即便你是中国人，同样也理解不了。
毕竟，中国语言博大精深。

Richard XQ Chen, After many years, I'mstill trying to understand the fast-changing country:China
Written Mar 12, 2016
I think it is better as the ancient Chinese work were wrote in  traditional Chinese if you get used to it.
Tradition Chinese , like in Taiwan, thewords are not arranged by the way  as English books display, but arranged by the following order:  first from up to down, then from rightto left.

如果你习惯了，可能繁体字会好些，因为中国古代作品是以繁体字书写的。
繁体字的书写排列方式和英语是不同的，比如说在台湾，先是从上到下，而后是由右至左。

Sean Wong, Chinese
Written Apr 12, 2016
it makes no difference, the difference isin grammar and diction rather character. HOWEVER, in the second and third roundof simplification, some characters are combined. Which makes understandingdifficult in classical Chinese, since there is no phase group to help todifferentiate if
只 is actually 只or 衹 for example.
Which this mind, Traditional Chinese as itis now is only standardized less than 600 years ago. So anything older, youwill run into the same problem with character differentiation. For example, in 司马相如's 长门赋 there isthis line
Simplifed
登兰台而遥望兮，神恍恍而外淫
Traditional
登兰台而遥望兮，神恍恍而外淫
In both case, you would ask WTF is 外淫, 淫 is a sexualthing! It turns out from 说文解字: 一曰久雨曰淫。月令曰。淫雨蚤降。左传曰。天作淫雨。郑曰。淫、霖也。雨三日以上爲霖。
In this case, it just mean the tears arecoming out like heavy rain and has nothing to do with fornication.
Also, character borrowing is far morerampant in ancient times, look that perhaps the most famous piece ofCalligraphy prose, 兰亭序.
永和九年，岁在癸丑，暮春之初，会于会稽山阴之兰亭，脩稧事也。羣贤毕至，少长咸集。此地有崇山峻领，茂林脩竹；又有清流激湍，映带左右，引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次。虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情。
Notice anything wrong? What's 崇山峻领?Shouldn't it be 崇山峻岭? Well, 岭 is actually invented later with a mountain radical on top in laterperiods to differential it with 领 with means to lead.
So while using traditional can give yousome advantage, but it's not really by much. Chinese was and is a evolvinglanguage, and you need to approach classical Chinese as something different.
In any case, when learning classicalChinese, be patient, the grammar is completely different, and there are caseswhere you don't recognize half of the characters in a sentence. But keep going,and read it aloud just as the ancients did before, do not read silently. Thenyou're realize how beautiful the prose
翩若惊鸿，婉若游龙。
荣曜秋菊，华茂春松。
髣彿兮若轻云之蔽月，飘飖兮若流风之迴雪。
远而望之，皎若太阳升朝霞；
迫而察之，灼若芙蕖出渌波。
-洛神赋
is, and whether it is in traditional orsimplified does not take a ounce from its luster. Its beauty is in its dictionand in its rhymes.  

二者对学习古诗没有区别，古代汉语和现代汉语的区别与其说是汉字，不如说是语法和措辞。
但是，在汉字的第二轮和第三轮简化运动中，一些汉字被合并了。造成了对古代汉语理解上的一些困难，比如说很难从外表上看出简体字中的“只”，其实含有“只”和“衹”两种意思。
如果说越古老越好，那么现在繁体字最多不过出现了600年而已，如果再往前追溯，同样会出现汉字分异的问题。
比方说，司马相如的长门赋
简体字版：登兰台而遥望兮，神恍恍而外淫
繁体字版：登兰台而遥望兮，神恍恍而外淫
两个版本都有“外淫”，这TM到底什么意思？“淫”应当是指XXOO！来看看《说文解字》：“一曰久雨曰淫。月令曰。淫雨蚤降。左传曰。天作淫雨。郑曰。淫、霖也。雨三日以上爲霖。”
在这个例子中，和XXOO一点关系没有，而是指的泪如雨下。
另外，假借字在古时也十分常见，比如兰亭序，或许是最着名的书法散文
“永和九年，岁在癸丑，暮春之初，会于会稽山阴之兰亭，脩稧事也。羣贤毕至，少长咸集。此地有崇山峻领，茂林脩竹；又有清流激湍，映带左右，引以为流觞曲水，列坐其次。虽无丝竹管弦之盛，一觞一咏，亦足以畅叙幽情”
注意到有哪里不对吗？“崇山峻领”是什么鬼？明明应该是“崇山峻岭”？原来是因为“岭”这个字是后来，为了区别“领”的不同意思，才在其上加上“山”字进而才创造出来的。
所以，使用繁体字可能会为你学习古诗带来些许优势，但也十分有限。中文是不断发展的语言，你要将古代汉语当做是完全不同的东西来学习。
在任何情况下学习古代汉语，耐心是第一位的，其语法与现代完全不同。比如在一些情况下，你可能不认得句子中半数以上的汉字。但是继续下去，像古人一样大声诵读，便能体会到古诗之美。
“翩若惊鸿，婉若游龙。
荣曜秋菊，华茂春松。
髣彿兮若轻云之蔽月，飘飖兮若流风之迴雪。
远而望之，皎若太阳升朝霞；
迫而察之，灼若芙蕖出渌波。
-洛神赋”
简体字和繁体字的区别，不会影响到古诗的优美，它的美在于措辞，在于韵律。

Alan Watson, native Chinese speaker
Written Mar 12, 2016
Definitely. Traditional Chinese preservesthe beauty of Chinese and is less ambitious.
Compare the two passages written inTraditional Chinese (the first passage) and Simplified Chinese (the secondpassage).
时巨鹿郡有兄弟三人：一名张角，一名张宝，一名张梁。那张角本是个不第秀才，因入山采药，遇一老人，碧眼童颜，手执藜杖，唤角至一洞中，以天书三卷授之，曰：「此名太平要术。汝得之，当代天宣化，普救世人。若萌异心，必或恶报。」角拜问姓名。老人曰：「吾乃南华老仙也。」言讫，化阵清风而去。角得此书，晓夜功习，能呼风唤雨，号为「太平道人」。中平元年正月内，疫气流行，张角散施符水，为人治病，自称「大贤良师」。角有徒弟五百余人，云游四方，皆能书符念咒。次后徒众日多，角乃立三十六方，大方万余人，小方六七千，各立渠帅，称为将军；讹言：「苍天已死，黄天当立；岁在甲子，天下大吉。」令人各以白土，书「甲子」二字于家中大门上。青、幽、徐、冀、荆、扬、兖、豫八州之人，家家侍奉大贤良师张角名字。角遣其党马元义，暗继金帛，结交中涓封胥，以为内应。角与二弟商议曰：「至难得者，民心也。今民心已顺，若不乘势取天下，诚为可惜。」遂一面私造黄旗，约期举事；一面使弟子唐周，持书报封胥。唐周乃径赴省中告变。帝召大将军何进调兵擒马元义，斩之；次收封胥等一干人下狱。张角闻知事露，星夜举兵，自称「天公将军」，张宝称「地公将军」，张梁称「人公将军」；申言于众曰：「今汉运将终，大圣人出。汝等皆宜顺天从正，以乐太平。」四方百姓，裹黄巾从张角反者四五十万。贼势浩大，官军望风而靡。何进奏帝火速降诏，令各处备御，讨贼立功；一面遣中郎将卢植、皇甫嵩、朱携，各引精兵，分三路讨之。
时巨鹿郡有兄弟三人：一名张角，一名张宝，一名张梁。那张角本是个不第秀才，因入山采药，遇一老人，碧眼童颜，手执藜杖，唤角至一洞中，以天书三卷授之，曰：「此名太平要术。汝得之，当代天宣化，普救世人。若萌异心，必或恶报。」角拜问姓名。老人曰：「吾乃南华老仙也。」言讫，化阵清风而去。角得此书，晓夜功习，能呼风唤雨，号为「太平道人」。中平元年正月内，疫气流行，张角散施符水，为人治病，自称「大贤良师」。角有徒弟五百余人，云游四方，皆能书符念咒。次后徒众日多，角乃立三十六方，大方万余人，小方六七千，各立渠帅，称为将军；讹言：「苍天已死，黄天当立；岁在甲子，天下大吉。」令人各以白土，书「甲子」二字于家中大门上。青、幽、徐、冀、荆、扬、兖、豫八州之人，家家侍奉大贤良师张角名字。角遣其党马元义，暗继金帛，结交中涓封胥，以为内应。角与二弟商议曰：「至难得者，民心也。今民心已顺，若不乘势取天下，诚为可惜。」遂一面私造黄旗，约期举事；一面使弟子唐周，持书报封胥。唐周乃径赴省中告变。帝召大将军何进调兵擒马元义，斩之；次收封胥等一干人下狱。张角闻知事露，星夜举兵，自称「天公将军」，张宝称「地公将军」，张梁称「人公将军」；申言于众曰：「今汉运将终，大圣人出。汝等皆宜顺天从正，以乐太平。」四方百姓，裹黄巾从张角反者四五十万。贼势浩大，官军望风而靡。何进奏帝火速降诏，令各处备御，讨贼立功；一面遣中郎将卢植、皇甫嵩、朱携，各引精兵，分三路讨之。
Obviously Traditional Chinese is moreelegant and more like calligraphy. Simplified Chinese is just like randomstrokes and many characters have a loose organisation.
Another example:
干 in simplified Chinese represents three different meanings which arecompletely expressed in three different characters namely 干, 干 and 乾. So whenyou come up with a simplified Chinese passage and you have to decide the propermeaning for the character; but then you don't have to do it with TraditionalChinese as each character explains things pretty well. The issue of ambiguitymeans that users of simplified Chinese spend more time in comprehending apassage.

当然了，繁体字保存了汉字的优美，并且也更加精确。
比较下面两段分别用繁体字和简体字写就的短文。
时巨鹿郡有兄弟三人：一名张角，一名张宝，一名张梁。那张角本是个不第秀才，因入山采药，遇一老人，碧眼童颜，手执藜杖，唤角至一洞中，以天书三卷授之，曰：「此名太平要术。汝得之，当代天宣化，普救世人。若萌异心，必或恶报。」角拜问姓名。老人曰：「吾乃南华老仙也。」言讫，化阵清风而去。角得此书，晓夜功习，能呼风唤雨，号为「太平道人」。中平元年正月内，疫气流行，张角散施符水，为人治病，自称「大贤良师」。角有徒弟五百余人，云游四方，皆能书符念咒。次后徒众日多，角乃立三十六方，大方万余人，小方六七千，各立渠帅，称为将军；讹言：「苍天已死，黄天当立；岁在甲子，天下大吉。」令人各以白土，书「甲子」二字于家中大门上。青、幽、徐、冀、荆、扬、兖、豫八州之人，家家侍奉大贤良师张角名字。角遣其党马元义，暗继金帛，结交中涓封胥，以为内应。角与二弟商议曰：「至难得者，民心也。今民心已顺，若不乘势取天下，诚为可惜。」遂一面私造黄旗，约期举事；一面使弟子唐周，持书报封胥。唐周乃径赴省中告变。帝召大将军何进调兵擒马元义，斩之；次收封胥等一干人下狱。张角闻知事露，星夜举兵，自称「天公将军」，张宝称「地公将军」，张梁称「人公将军」；申言于众曰：「今汉运将终，大圣人出。汝等皆宜顺天从正，以乐太平。」四方百姓，裹黄巾从张角反者四五十万。贼势浩大，官军望风而靡。何进奏帝火速降诏，令各处备御，讨贼立功；一面遣中郎将卢植、皇甫嵩、朱携，各引精兵，分三路讨之。
时巨鹿郡有兄弟三人：一名张角，一名张宝，一名张梁。那张角本是个不第秀才，因入山采药，遇一老人，碧眼童颜，手执藜杖，唤角至一洞中，以天书三卷授之，曰：「此名太平要术。汝得之，当代天宣化，普救世人。若萌异心，必或恶报。」角拜问姓名。老人曰：「吾乃南华老仙也。」言讫，化阵清风而去。角得此书，晓夜功习，能呼风唤雨，号为「太平道人」。中平元年正月内，疫气流行，张角散施符水，为人治病，自称「大贤良师」。角有徒弟五百余人，云游四方，皆能书符念咒。次后徒众日多，角乃立三十六方，大方万余人，小方六七千，各立渠帅，称为将军；讹言：「苍天已死，黄天当立；岁在甲子，天下大吉。」令人各以白土，书「甲子」二字于家中大门上。青、幽、徐、冀、荆、扬、兖、豫八州之人，家家侍奉大贤良师张角名字。角遣其党马元义，暗继金帛，结交中涓封胥，以为内应。角与二弟商议曰：「至难得者，民心也。今民心已顺，若不乘势取天下，诚为可惜。」遂一面私造黄旗，约期举事；一面使弟子唐周，持书报封胥。唐周乃径赴省中告变。帝召大将军何进调兵擒马元义，斩之；次收封胥等一干人下狱。张角闻知事露，星夜举兵，自称「天公将军」，张宝称「地公将军」，张梁称「人公将军」；申言于众曰：「今汉运将终，大圣人出。汝等皆宜顺天从正，以乐太平。」四方百姓，裹黄巾从张角反者四五十万。贼势浩大，官军望风而靡。何进奏帝火速降诏，令各处备御，讨贼立功；一面遣中郎将卢植、皇甫嵩、朱携，各引精兵，分三路讨之。
显然繁体字更加的优美也更像书法，相比之下简体字像是乱画，结构也更加松散。
另外一个例子，简体字中的“干”在繁体字中，根据意思不同，有“干”、“干”和“乾”三种完全不同的写法。因此你在简体字的段落中，你还要决定一个汉字合适的意思，但是在繁体字段落中便不用这么麻烦，从不同的字上就能看出来。因此，简体字的使用者在学习古文的时候，需要花更多的时间。

Anonymous
Written Mar 21, 2016
Probably better! Because you don't need toget the translated version when you are reading it.

也许是的！因为你在学习的时候便不用翻译它了。