被夹击的ISIS失去了叙利亚城市和边境过境点 [美国媒体]

这些进展还为叙利亚边境城镇布卡迈勒(Bukamal)的战斗奠定了基础，这是从巴格达到大马士革的战略高速公路，似乎是伊拉克和叙利亚对剩余伊斯兰国领土的最终目标。
阿萨德(Deir al- zour)抓住了这一点，强调了阿萨德在六年多的战争中所取得的转变。就在两年前，政府将设法夺回这座城市的想法似乎还很遥远。

ian war broke outin 2011, soldiers were defecting from the Syrian army and only a fraction ofthe troops could be counted on for loyalty in the field. But Mr. Assad hit hardat rebel-held neighborhoods, pummeling Syrian cities with airstrikes with thesupport of Iran and its Lebanese ally, Hezbollah.

2011年叙利亚战争爆发时，士兵们从叙利亚军队中叛逃，只有一小部分部队能在战场上表现忠诚。但阿萨德对反政府武装控制的地区进行了猛烈的打击，在伊朗及其黎巴嫩盟友真主党的支持下攻击了叙利亚城市。

In 2015, Russia entered the waron Mr. Assad’s behalf, carrying out airstrikes against the Islamic State andother insurgent factions. Russia’s backing allowed Mr. Assad’s forces to focuson one front at a time. Once the non-Islamic State insurgents were contained,the pro-government alliance turned its attention to the Islamic State, which ithas now mostly routed.

2015年，俄罗斯代表阿萨德参战，对伊斯兰国和其他叛乱派系进行空袭。俄罗斯的支持使阿萨德的部队一度集中在一个阵线上。一旦非伊斯兰国家叛乱分子被控制住，亲政府联盟将注意力转向伊斯兰国，而伊斯兰国现在已基本溃败。

Still, Mr. Assad is faced withrunning a country that is still divided, politically and territorially, wheremajor cities are devastated, the security forces deeply dependent on Russia andIran, and the economy gutted.

尽管如此，阿萨德还是面临着一个政治上和领土上仍然分裂的国家，那里的主要城市受到严重破坏，安全部队深深依赖于俄罗斯和伊朗，经济遭到破坏。

Thegovernment’s announcement of victory in Deir al-Zour came just weeks after anAmerican-backed, Kurdish-led militia, called the Syrian DemocraticForces, took over the city of Raqqa,which had served as the de facto capital of the Islamic State.

政府宣布在代尔祖尔(Deir al- zour)取得胜利，就在几周前，美国支持的库尔德民兵组织“叙利亚民主力量”(Syrian Democratic Forces)接管了拉卡市(Raqqa)，该城市曾是伊斯兰国实际的首都。

The militants never controlledthe whole of the city of Deir al-Zour, although they held most of thesurrounding province, an oil-rich region that provided an important source ofrevenue.

武装分子从来没有控制整个代尔祖尔，虽然他们占据了周边省份的大部分，这个石油丰富的地区提供了重要的收入来源。

For two and a half years,though, the Islamic State had surrounded and besieged 200,000 civilians in thegovernment-held section of the city. Its population dwindled to 90,000, theUnited Nations estimates, as people escaped or were smuggled out.

然而，两年半的时间里，伊斯兰国已经在城市的政府部门包围和围攻了20万平民。联合国估计，人口减少到90,000人，因为好多人已经逃跑或偷渡出去。

Now, the group’s most importantterritory is the border town of Bukamal and the border crossing on the Syrianside. Iraqi forces claimed the other side of the border on Friday, along withmost of Qaim, Bukamal’s counterpart on the Iraqi side.

现在，该组织最重要的领土是布卡马尔和叙利亚边境边界城镇的过境点。 伊拉克部队星期五与布卡马尔的伊拉克方面的大部分一起占领了边界的另一边。

That battle for the remainingIslamic State territory could inflame tensions among the competing forcesfighting the militants as they converge on the region: the Russian andIranian-backed alliance that supports the Syrian government; the rivalAmerican-backed group, Syrian Democratic Forces, or S.D.F.; and the Iraqiforces that are pursuing Islamic State holdouts on their side of the border.

这场争夺剩余伊斯兰国领土的战斗，可能会加剧与激进分子在该地区趋同的竞争力量之间的紧张关系:支持叙利亚政府的俄罗斯和伊朗支持的联盟；敌对的美国支持的组织，叙利亚民主力量，或S.D.F.; 和正在追剿伊斯兰国家的伊拉克部队在边界上对峙。

The stakes are high, with thecompeting armies seeking not only to vanquish the Islamic State, but alsoracing against each other to win influence in the strategic border zone.

战争的风险是很高的，竞争的军队不仅要打败伊斯兰国家，而且还要互相竞争，以在战略边界地区取得影响力。

Russia, which wants the Syriangovernment to reclaim all of its territory, and the United States, which wantsto counter Iranian influence, have accused each other of firing at theirrespective allies on the ground.

俄罗斯希望叙利亚政府收回其所有领土，而美国希望对抗伊朗的影响，他们相互指责对方向各自的盟友开火。

The S.D.F., a Kurdish and Araballiance, wants to seize as much territory as possible, including oil fields.Those resources and points of leverage could increase its chances of stavingoff a government takeover of the areas it holds, including Raqqa and the areasto the northeast where Kurds have carved out a measure of autonomy.

库尔德和阿拉伯联盟的自卫队希望尽可能多地占领包括油田在内的领土。这些资源可以增加政府收复其所在地区的机会，包括拉卡和库尔德人自治的东北地区。

Iran wants the friendly Syriangovernment to control the area. With Iraq already a strong ally, Iran couldestablish a land route linking it with Lebanon, the base of its most powerfulallied militia in the region, Hezbollah.

伊朗希望叙利亚友好政府控制该地区。由于伊拉克已经是一个强大的盟友，伊朗可以建立一条连接黎巴嫩的陆路，黎巴嫩是该地区最强大的盟军民兵基地，真主党。

Once the Islamic State isdriven out, cities like Raqqa may be the next front. A top Iranian official saidFriday that the Syrian government and its allies would soon take Raqqa from theAmerican-backed S.D.F.

一旦伊斯兰国被赶走，像拉卡这样的城市可能是下一个前线。伊朗一名高级官员星期五说，叙利亚政府及其盟友很快将从美国支持的S.D.F.那里获得拉卡。

According to IRNA, Iran’s semiofficialnews agency, Ali Akbar Velayati, a foreign affairs adviser to Iran’s SupremeLeader, said that Raqqa and its surroundings “will be liberated” and the Syriangovernment would take control. “The U.S. is planning to partition Syria,” theagency quoted him as saying. “It will never achieve anything in the field.”

据伊朗的半官方通讯社IRNA报道，伊朗最高领导人的外交事务顾问阿里•阿克巴尔•维拉蒂(Ali AkbarVelayati)表示，拉卡及其周边地区“将被解放”，叙利亚政府将采取控制措施。“美国正计划分裂叙利亚，”该机构援引他的话说。“在这个领域里，那永远不会实现。”

The battle on the Iraqi side of theIraqi-Syrian border on Friday involved Iraq’s elite counterterrorism units, theIraqi army, the federal police and Iraqi paramilitaries supported by Iran.American military advisers have been working with the Iraqi army and specialforces, and the United States provided air support to the Iraqi ground forceson Friday, according to Gen. Yihya Rasool, the spokesman of the Iraqi jointoperations command.

周五，伊拉克在伊拉克和叙利亚边境的战斗涉及到伊拉克的精英反恐部队、伊拉克军队、联邦警察和伊朗支持的伊拉克准军事部队。根据伊拉克联合作战司令部发言人Yihya Rasool将军的说法，美国军事顾问一直在与伊拉克军队和特种部队合作，美国在周五向伊拉克地面部队提供空中支援。

The Iraqi chief of staff said theIraqis’ advance gave them and their American-led coalition allies a forwardoperating position to monitor any remaining Islamic State fighters fleeing theconverging armies.

伊拉克参谋长说，伊拉克人的进展给了他们和他们美国领导的联盟盟友一个靠前的位置，以监视任何逃离集结军队的伊斯兰国武装分子。

An Iraqi Sunni tribal leader whosemembers also took part in the fighting said that the Islamic State’s foreignfighters had fled Qaim before the final push by the Iraqi forces on Friday. Theleader, Sheikh Qutri al-Ubaidi, said that the majority moved their familiesacross the Syrian border in the direction of Bukamal.

其成员一名伊拉克逊尼派部落领袖也参加了战斗，他说，伊斯兰国的外国武装分子在周五伊拉克部队的最后一次推进之前已经逃离了凯姆（Qaim）。领导人Sheikh Qutri al- ubaidi说，大多数人把他们的家人从叙利亚边境转移到布卡迈勒的方向。

Sheikh Ubaidi said several Islamic Statefighters remained in Iraqi territory, hidden along the banks of the EuphratesRiver that flows between the two countries. Several Islamic State supportersalso fled Qaim in boats across the river toward Rumana, Iraq, he said.

Sheikh Ubaidi说，几个伊斯兰国武装分子仍然在伊拉克领土上，隐藏在两国之间的幼发拉底河岸边。他说，几名伊斯兰国家的支持者也乘船逃往伊拉克的罗马纳。

As of Friday night, at least two Iraqitowns — Rumana, northwest of Qaim, and Rawa, to the east — were still underIslamic State control.

截至周五晚间，至少有两个伊拉克城镇 - 卡伊姆西北部的罗马纳和东部的拉瓦- 仍在伊斯兰国家控制之下。

The news from Deir al-Zour cheered someof the tens of thousands of its residents who are displaced across Syria andthe region, though, as with Raqqa, it did not mean they could go home any timesoon, given the intense destruction and the danger of land mines and IslamicState sleeper cells that may remain there.

来自代尔祖尔的消息使在叙利亚和该地区流离失所的成千上万居民中的一些人感到高兴，然而，与拉卡一样，这并不意味着他们可以很快回家，因为这种激烈的破坏和地雷以及可能留在那里的伊斯兰国家的潜伏者，都非常危险。

“We fled from the intensive bombingsbecause we could not stay there any more,” said Alia Mohamed, 33, at a park inDamascus where she watched her 4-year-old daughter — one of her six children —run around as her husband tried to find a room for the family.

33岁的阿里亚·穆罕默德在大马士革的一个公园里看着她的四岁女儿 - 她的六个孩子中的一个 - 和她的丈夫一起跑来跑去，“我们逃离了密集的爆炸区，因为我们不能再呆在那儿了。试图为家人找到一个避难所。”

At a school shelter in Qudsaya, a suburbnorthwest of Damascus, Hosna Quray’a, who said that she had been displaced fortwo years, greeted the news with “great joy.”

在位于大马士革西北郊区Qudsaya的一所学校避难所，她说，她已经流离失所了两年，“很高兴”收到这个消息。

“I want to return,” she said. “Most ofmy relatives left there, and I don’t know what happened to them.”

“我想回来，”她说。“我的亲戚大部分都离开了，我不知道他们发生了什么事。”

Ibrahim Haj Hussein, a 14-year-old fromthe government-controlled part of Deir al-Zour, traveled to the shelter eightmonths ago because his mother was sick. He left his father behind. The price offood was so high that his family had subsisted on a diet of bulgur wheat andrice, he said, adding, “The situation there was really tough.”

来自代尔祖尔政府控制的14岁的易卜拉欣·哈吉·侯赛因（Ibrahim HajHussein）八个月前来到避难所，因为他的母亲病了。他把父亲留下。他说，食品价格如此之高，以至于他的家庭靠吃碾碎的小麦和大米来维持生计，并补充说：“那里的情况非常艰难。”