【The Verge】一项新法案将禁止美国政府使用华为和中兴手机 [美国媒体]

A new bill would ban the US government from using Huawei and ZTE phones 

一项新法案将禁止美国政府使用华为和中兴手机



US lawmakers have long worried about the security risks posed the alleged ties between Chinese companies Huawei and ZTE and the country’s government. To that end, Texas Representative Mike Conaway introduced a bill last week called Defending U.S. Government Communications Act, which aims to ban US government agencies from using phones and equipment from the companies.

长期以来，美国议员一直担心中国企业华为和中兴通讯与北京之间存在的安全风险。为此，德克萨斯州众议员迈克康纳威 (Mike Conaway) 上周提出了一项名为 “保卫美国” 的法案。这项政府通信法案，旨在禁止美国政府机构使用这些公司的电话和设备。

Conaway’s bill would prohibit the US government from purchasing and using “telecommunications equipment and/or services,” from Huawei and ZTE. In a statement on his site, he says that technology coming from the country poses a threat to national security, and that use of this equipment “would be inviting Chinese surveillance into all aspects of our lives,” and cites US Intelligence and counterintelligence officials who say that Huawei has shared information with state leaders, and that the its business in the US is growing, representing a further security risk.

康纳威的法案将禁止美国政府购买和使用华为和中兴的 “电信设备和 / 或服务”。他在网站上发表声明称，来自中国的技术对国家安全构成了威胁，使用这种设备 “将使中国对我们生活的各个方面进行监视。” 并援引美国情报和反间谍官员的话说，华为与中国国家领导部门共享信息，其在美国的业务正在增长，意味着安全风险的进一步增加。”

The bill is another major headache for Huawei, which last week saw its partnership with AT&T abruptly collapse, prompting the company’s CEO to go off script during a CES presentation. Under the deal, the company would be able to sell its new flagship Mate 10 Pro phone in the US through AT&T. The partnership between the two companies attracted unwanted scrutiny by US lawmakers, who sent a letter with their concerns to the Federal Communications Commission in December, according to The New York Times.

这一法案是华为的另一个令人头疼的问题。上周，华为与 AT&T 的合作突然破裂，导致该公司首席执行官在 CES 展会上取消了这一计划。根据协议，该公司将能够通过 AT&T 在美国销售其新旗舰 Mate 10 Pro 手机。据《纽约时报》报道，两家公司之间的合作关系受到了美国立法者不必要的审查，他们在去年 12 月向联邦通信委员会 (Federal Communications Commission) 发出了一封信函，表达了他们的担忧。

Conaway’s bill is part of a larger trend of concerns over foreign-built software and hardware. Last summer, the heads of the six major US intelligence agencies told a Senate Intelligence Committee that they had concerns over using security products from Kaspersky Lab, while the UK’s national Cyber Security Centre issued a new guidance over the Russian-company’s products, citing concerns about potential connections to the Russian government.

康纳威的法案是对国外软件和硬件的加大关注趋势的一部分。去年夏天，美国六大情报机构的负责人告知参议院情报委员会，他们对使用卡巴斯基实验室的安全产品感到担忧，而国家网络安全中心 (NationalCyber SecurityCentre) 发布了一份针对这家俄罗斯公司产品的新指南，引发了对卡巴斯基与俄罗斯政府潜在联系的担忧。

Lawmakers have long worried about Huawei and ZTE date, and Conaway’s bill is a new chapter in that saga. In 2010, four senators contacted the FCC with concerns over the alleged ties between the companies and the Chinese government. In 2011, the two companies were the subject of a report from the House of Representative’s Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, which recommended that the US government be prohibited from buying Huawei and ZTE products, as well as continued vigilance, investigation, and legislation to address the concerns. The US also isn’t the only country to worry about the companies: the Australian government upheld a prohibition in 2013 that barred Huawei from bidding on work on the country’s National Broadband Network. But the 2011 Congressional report doesn’t cite direct evidence that the company is compromised, instead saying that Huawei has failed to provide evidence that would “satisfy any fair and full investigation,” and Huawei has consistently denied allegations of collusion with the Chinese government.

长期以来，立法者一直担心华为和中兴，而康纳威的法案则是这一故事的新篇章。2010 年，四名参议员与联邦通信委员会（FCC）联系，对两家公司与北京之间的关系表示担忧。2011，这两家公司成为众议院情报常设特别委员会一份报告的主题，该报告建议禁止美国政府购买华为和中兴的产品，并继续保持警惕、调查和立法以解决这些问题。美国也不是唯一一个担心这些公司的国家：澳大利亚政府在 2013 维持了一项禁令，禁止华为在该国的国家宽带网络 (National Broadband Network) 上投标。但 2011 年美国国会报告并未援引直接证据证明因华为遭受了损害，而是表示华为未能提供 “能满足任何公正和全面调查的证据”，华为也一直否认与北京勾结的指控。

In their book, Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know, P.W. Singer and Allan Friedman argue that there is a growing cybersecurity risk as complicated hardware supply chains harbor plenty of opportunities for foreign agents to compromise equipment. Singer tells The Verge that there is also reason for the government to be wary of using foreign-built hardware, especially long-term. “If a potential adversary is making the systems and software that you use,” he says, “you don’t just have dependency, but also potential vulnerability that can be exploited not just now, but years into the future.”

在《网络安全：输不起的互联网战争》（译注：这本书有中文版，这里用的是中译名）一书中，P.W 辛格和艾伦 · 弗里德曼认为，网络安全的风险日益增大，因为复杂的硬件供应链为外国代理商提供了大量的机会来破坏设备。辛格告诉《华尔街日报》，政府也有理由对使用外国制造的硬件保持警惕，特别是从长期来看。“如果一个潜在的对手正在制造你使用的系统和软件，” 他说，“你不仅有依赖性，而且还有潜在的弱点，不仅是现在可以利用的，而且是未来几年都可以利用的。”

While the potential for a cybersecurity concerns exists, Huawei and ZTE have long been targets for members of Congress, and this bill could be a form of political signaling to China. Conaway specifically cites President Donald Trump’s and his American First attitude, who has accused China of taking advantage of US interests, and says that the country is specifically trying to “compromise the integrity of U.S.businesses and spy on our closely held national security secrets.” 

尽管存在网络安全问题的潜在可能性，但华为和中兴长期以来一直是国会议员的目标，这项法案可能是向中国发出政治信号的一种形式。康纳威特别引述了唐纳德 · 特朗普总统和他的 “美国优先” 态度，他们指责中国利用了美国的利益，并表示，中国正试图 “损害美国企业的诚信，并窥探我们严密掌握的国家安全机密”。



Deutschestan
-Great! So democratic! Gonna make America great again!

太棒了! 真民主! 让美国再次伟大！

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 2:26 PM
Canman33
What you wrote makes no sense. This has nothing to do with democracy and everything to do with espionage.

你写的东西毫无意义，这与民主无关，与间谍活动有关。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 4:41 PM
SasparillaFizz

Exactly:  
https://www.cyberscoop.com/android-malware-china-huawei-zte-kryptowire-blu-products/
That said Lenovo / Motorola is Chinese as well.

确实：《七亿多部 Android 手机上发现中国间谍软件》
https://www.cyberscoop.com/android-malware-china-huawei-zte-kryptowire-blu-products/
（这篇文章说）联想/摩托罗拉也是中国人的。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 7:24 PM
JBDragon
It’s not just Chinese, but working with the Chinese Government.
Of course, what do you think will happen if the U.S. Government at some point gets their way with Backdoors? We’ll have the issue of other countries not wanting any American made products. AS they don’t want the U.S. Government spying on their citizens.

这不仅仅是中国人的问题，而是与北京的合作。
当然，如果美国政府也在某些时候像他们一样安装后门，你会怎么想？
我们将面临其他国家不想要任何美国制造的产品的问题，因为他们不想要美国政府监视他们的公民。

Posted on Jan 15, 2018 | 11:39 AM
Orion4tech
Interestingly enough USA was the one actually caught spying on their allies especially.
Second point. Let’s say Huawei would have made a deal with AT&T and after some time it would have been discovered that their phone had spy malware on them. This situation would have hurt Huawei and the Chinese Government’s image way more than simply presuming right of the bat that Huawei phones would be used to spy on US citizens.
Basically out of the current situation Huawei looks like the victim.

有趣的是，真正被抓到的是美国，在监视他们的盟友。
第二点，假如华为将与 AT&T 达成协议，一段时间后，发现他们的手机上有间谍恶意软件,这种情况将大大损害华为和北京的形象，比单纯将华为手机用来监视美国公民带来的损害更大。
从目前的情况来看，华为看起来像是受害者。

Posted on Jan 18, 2018 | 9:09 AM
MCP1804
Seems fair, US bans Huawei telecom equipment, China bans Cisco telecom equipment
Extend that to phones, if US bans Huawei/ZTE phones, China bans iPhone/Qualcomm SoC?

Considering China is a much bigger market than the US, and all third party nations are open to both sides, I have a feeling Huawei isn’t too upset, it did become the world’s largest telecom equipment provider thanks to the US ban, after all.

看起来很公平嘛，美国禁用华为电信设备，中国禁止思科电信设备，如果美国禁用华为 / 中兴手机，中国会禁用 iphone / 高通 SoC 吗？
中国的市场规模要比美国大得多，而且所有第三方国家对双方都开放，我觉得华为的日子并不会太难过，毕竟它已经成为全球最大的电信设备供应商，这要归功于美国的禁令。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 2:44 PM
MML10022
Read the fucking article man.
The ban is for gov’t agency. Nobody is banning the sale of ZTE or Huawei phones to consumer.

好好看一下这篇文章，傻逼
这项禁令是针对政府机构的，没有人会禁止向消费者销售中兴或华为的手机。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 6:14 PM
Popcorn! Smiles!  
Yep, this can work both ways… I’m sure Apple isn’t happy about this.

是的，但这两种方式都可以。。。我敢肯定苹果对此不会满意。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 6:15 PM
JediTed
Does Apple sell phones to Chinese government agencies?

苹果会向北京机构销售手机吗?

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 9:57 PM
JBDragon
Also, Apple phones are highly encrypted. So long as the Government doesn’t get its way and get its backdoors. Also recently Apple has moved all Chinese Data to their own servers in China.

此外，苹果手机是高度加密的，北京拿它没办法，不能安装后门，但最近苹果将所有中国数据转移到中国的服务器上了。

Posted on Jan 15, 2018 | 11:41 AM
Orion4tech
You can play they hypocrite card all you want but you can bet your ass that the Chinese Government has all the keys to all of iphone’s backdoors.

你可以继续你的伪君子套路，但你可以放一万个心，北京肯定有所有 iphone 后门的钥匙。

Posted on Jan 18, 2018 | 9:10 AM
Someguyperson
Of note: this doesn’t include Oppo (or sublabel One plus) and Vivo, which are huge Chinese phone companies. ZTE and Huawei have a very special relationship with the Chinese government and their phones have had known backdoors that the Chinese government have the keys too.

值得注意的是：这里没包括 Oppo(或其子品牌 One plus) 和 Vivo，它们是中国的大型手机公司，中兴通讯和华为与北京有着非常特殊的关系，而他们的手机有后门是大家都知道的，北京肯定也有钥匙。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 4:03 PM
descendency
They’re huge Chinese companies, but they have almost 0 presence in the US. Especially as government awarded contract options.

他们是中国的大公司，但在美国几乎没有业务，特别是在政府授予合同期权的情况下。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 9:10 PM
Canman33
Doesn’t surprise me one bit. These Chinese companies can’t say no to the Chinese government.You say no you disappear and/or go under investigation for corruption. It’s very dumb for our government to use their products and dumb of theirs to use ours anyway so no loss here.

一点都不让我惊讶。这些中国公司不能对北京说不。你说不，你就消失了，或者因为腐败而受到调查。我们的政府使用他们的产品是很愚蠢的，而他们使用我们的产品也是愚蠢的，所以大家都不会有损失。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 4:39 PM
Orion4tech
Apple also doesn’t say No to the chinese government

苹果也没有对北京说不

Posted on Jan 18, 2018 | 9:14 AM
dicobalt
China is vital to the US military hardware supply chain and is a national security threat. There was a vote to eliminate that, but the DoD stepped in and usurped the democratic process. 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CARlEac1iuA&t=0s

中国对美国军事硬件供应链至关重要，这是对国家安全的威胁。虽然有一次投票来消除这一问题，但被国防部介入阻止了。
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CARlEac1iuA&t=0s
（译注：视频的标题是：美国国防部阻止了对稀土危机的解决方案）

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 5:43 PM
delta4s
The US is far more a security threat to China than China is to the US. Also, the US is more concerned with economic competition from China as they know this will undermine US power.

与中国相比，美国对中国的安全威胁要大得多。此外，美国更关注来自中国的经济竞争，因为他们知道这会削弱美国的实力。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 6:56 PM
ambertx
Just another tit for tat espionage claim nothing new. The US claims Huawei and ZTE provide intel for the Government; back in 2002 China claims that the CIA bugged the Presidential plane they ordered from the US.

只是另一种针锋相对的间谍行为，没有什么好新鲜的。美国声称华为和中兴为政府提供芯片; 早在 2002 年，中国就声称中央情报局曾窃听他们从美国订购的领导人专机。 

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 5:43 PM
dnyank2
I think everyone forgets that Motorola is now owned by Lenovo (a Chinese firm who purchased ThinkPad from IBM, which inherited most of its business including government contracts - AND was caught with a keylogger preinstalled (and active) on all of their consumer machines a few years back)

我想每个人都忘记了，摩托罗拉现在由联想控股 (一家从 IBM 手中收购 ThinkPad 的中国公司），后者继承了大部分业务，包括政府合同 -- 几年前在他们所有的消费机器上预装键盘记录器 (激活了)。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 5:50 PM
cy.starkman
that is the least of it
everyone forgets that China makes close to all of our devices, phones, computers, cameras, mics, switches, lights and on

这只是最不重要的。
每个人都忘记了，我们所有的设备，手机、电脑、照相机、麦克风、开关、电灯等等都是中国制造的。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 7:36 PM
kennyamr
The bill makes sense. I am not sure if it will pass but it doesn’t seem unreasonable.
China is simply not that reliable.

这个法案是有道理的，我不知道它是否会通过，但这似乎并非不合理。
中国根本不那么可靠。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 6:26 PM
1and0
It really would have been helpful to note that China already passed a law (China Cybersecurity Law) that would do the exact same thing for American products but with potentially far broader application. Exact implementation is unclear at the moment but it potentially could even be a ban of American made software, operating systems, and components for all "critical infrastructure". Note that "critical infrastructure" is probably better translated as "strategic assets" and thus could include pretty much anything the Chinese governemnt wants.

有必要指出的是，中国已经通过了一项法律 (中国网络安全法)，它将对美国产品做了同样的事情，但可能会有更广泛的应用。目前还不清楚具体的实施情况，但它甚至可能会禁止美国制造的软件、操作系统和所有 “关键基础设施” 的组件。请注意，“关键基础设施” 可能被解释为 “战略资产” ，因此可以包括任何北京希望加入的东西。

Posted on Jan 14, 2018 | 8:34 PM
RenatoFontes
It would be nice if they had actual proof

如果他们有实际的证据，那就更好了

Posted on Jan 15, 2018 | 4:50 AM
peanutLove
What’s to defend against? Governments of this century either use their own hardware setups or tweet out every thought for the world to see on unofficial accounts.

有什么好防备的？政府要么使用自己的硬件设置，要么在非官方推特上透漏出每一个想法，让全世界都能看到。（译注：嘲讽特朗普）

Posted on Jan 15, 2018 | 1:19 PM
Tendoboy84
What about Alcatel (TCL)? Are they going to ban them too?

阿尔卡特 (TCL) 呢? 他们也会禁用吗?  （译注： TCL 在 2004 并购了法国阿尔卡特品牌手机业务）

Posted on Jan 15, 2018 | 2:27 PM
Tratia895
It would be bad if they did. TCL makes all the Blackberry Smartphones now, and I think their Android phones are cleared for gov’t use.

如果他们这样做会很糟糕。TCL 现在生产所有的黑莓智能手机，我认为他们的 Android 手机已经被政府的使用了。

Posted on Jan 15, 2018 | 4:06 PM
Tendoboy84
Businesses use Lenovo laptops but are they banned from government use?

企业使用联想笔记本电脑，政府会禁止它们使用吗？