如果要花十倍以上的钱才能享受到我们又怎么可能拥有好事物呢？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：feihu2000-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Phase 1 of the California high-speed rail project (520 miles) is now claimed to have an estimated cost of $78 to $98 billion. This is $150 million to $180 million per mile. This is $94-118 million per kilometer.

目前，加利福尼亚高铁项目（520英里）的第1阶段据估计其成本费用为780至980亿美元。即每英里造价为1.5亿至1.8亿美元，每公里造价0.94-1.18亿美元。

The system will be five to ten times the average cost of $17–21 million per km of high-speed rail in China and about three to four times the $25–39 million per km average for similar projects in Europe.

该系统的造价将是中国高速铁路每公里平均成本0.17–0.21亿美元的五至十倍，大约是欧洲类似项目每公里平均成本0.25–0.39亿美元的三至四倍。

The California high-speed rail hopes to have 2 hour 40 minute trips from San Francisco to Los Angeles with some non-stop trains if the trains average 220 miles per hour from San Jose to LA.

加利福尼亚高速铁路期许如果火车不停靠站以平均每小时220英里的时速从旧金山开到洛杉矶的话，全程能只耗时2小时40分钟。



China plans to extend China’s high-speed railway network to 30000 kilometers by 2020 lixing most of the big cities general manager Lu Dongfu said. The plan is to have high-speed railway lines covering 38000 kilometers across the country by 2025.
总经理陆东福说，中国计划在2020年将高速铁路网延伸至3万公里，能覆盖连接到大多数大城市。计划是在2025年底前覆盖全国3.8万公里的高速铁路。

China has allocated 732 billion yuan (US$112.4 billion) for fixed-asset investment this year – less than the 801 billion yuan for 2017 but roughly in line with the average of the past five years. China is adding 3500 kilometers of high-speed rail network in 2018.

中国今年已拨出7320亿元（1124亿美元）的固定资产投资——低于2017年拨出的8010亿元投资金，但大致与过去五年的（固定资产投资）水平相当。中国将在2018年新建3500公里的高速铁路网。

China is allocating about $30 million per kilometer for fixed assets. This includes more trains and other fixed assets for high volume utilization and maintenance of existing track.

中国固定资产的投资分配为每公里约3千万美元。这包括配置更多的列车，其他的固定资产则用来更高效率地利用和维护现有的轨道。

How China has such low high-speed rail construction costs

为什么中国的高铁建设成本如此低？

China has lower high-speed rail unit costs as a result of the development of multiple competitive local sources for construction – including earthworks bridges tunnels and rolling stock – that adopted mechanization in construction and manufacturing. Furthermore large volumes and the ability to amortize capital investment in high-cost construction equipment across a number of projects also helped to reduce costs.

随着本土多家极具竞争力的建设资源的发展，其在建造业和制造业领域中采用了机械化——包括土方工程、桥梁、隧道和轨道车辆——这使得中国高铁的建设成本较低。此外，项目量大和能摊销包揽多个项目的高成本施工设备的巨额资本投资的能力也有助于降低成本。

Other factors include a relatively low cost of land acquisition and resettlement localization of the design and manufacture of goods and components as well as the standardization of designs for embankments track viaducts electrification signaling and telecommunication systems. For example the slab track manufacturing process was imported from Germany but the cost of the Chinese-made product is about a third lower than the German product as a result of large volumes and lower labor costs. The technology developed for construction of tunnels not only resulted in a low unit cost but also enabled tunnels to be constructed at a rate of 5-10m per day. High-speed tunnel construction costs in China are about $US 10-15m/km a fraction of that in other countries. Tunnel costs are heavily influenced by geology and labor costs and in the case of China the latter has certainly helped to keep costs down.

其他因素包括成本相对降低的征地与移民安置费，产品和零部件的设计制造国产化以及路堤、轨道、高架铁路、电气化、信号和通信系统的标准化设计。例如，板式轨道制造加工工艺是从德国进口的，但由于数量多，劳动力成本低，中国制造的产品成本比德国产品低三成左右。隧道施工技术的发展不仅导致单位建设成本变低但也使隧道的掘建速度达到每日5-10米。高速铁路隧道施工建设成本在中国约为每公里1000-1500万美元，只是其他国家建设成本的一小部分。隧道建设成本受地质情况和劳动力成本的很大影响，以中国为例，后者（劳动力成本）无疑更有助于其降低成本。

An analysis of the construction costs of the 27 high-speed lines in operation at the end of 2013 revealed substantial variations in unit cost ranging from Yuan 94 million ($US 15.3million) to Yuan 183 million/km. (1 US dollar is 6.3 yuan)

2013年底27条高速铁路建设成本的分析结果显示出单位建设成本的大幅变化，从每公里9400万元（1530万美元）至每公里1.83亿元。（1美元等于6.3元人民币）

With a handful of exceptions the unit cost of 250km/h lines was Yuan 70-169m/km. The weighted average unit cost was Yuan 129m/km for a 350km/h project and Yuan 87m/km for a 250km/h project.

除了少数例外，250公里/小时线的单位建设成本为0.7亿-1.69亿元/公里。加权平均单位建设成本是250km/h的项目元为0.87亿元 /公里和350km/h的项目为1.29亿元/公里。





-------------译者：浮生^有幸-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Julius2.000 days ago
When politician interferes with any projects be it local or international the budget always sky rocket. So corrupt!!!

当政客干预不管是本土还是国际性的项目时，预算总是像火箭一样狂飙升。太腐败了！！！

Pie2.000 days ago
USA built 0 mile of high speed railway in the last 8 years while China built 20000 miles of high speed railway but mass media still praised the other guy as deporter-in-chief and infrastructure-in-chief. Our 3 airports around New York City area look like 3rd world country our infrastructure such as electricity in East Coast is 80 years old USA built less than 100 miles of NEW inter-state highway in the last 8 years while US population increased 20 millions in the last 8 years especially when you compared to Republican Dwight Eisenhower who built 41000 miles of NEW HIGHWAY for our homeland for our country and for American people but media still praised that guy as deporter-in-chief and infrastructure-in-chief.

过去八年，美国一英里的高速铁路都没建成，而中国建了2万英里的高速铁路，但是大众媒体还是称赞另一个人为首席驱逐官（指奥巴马）和首席基础设施官。我们在纽约地区的3个机场看起来像是第三世界国家，我们在东海岸的电力等基础设施已经有80年历史了。在过去的8年里，美国建造了不到100英里的新洲际公路，而以此同时美国的人口却在过去八年里增加了2千万人，尤其是当你将这与为我们的祖国、为美国人民建造了4.1万英里新高速公路的共和党人德怀特·艾森豪威尔进行对比（差距自然不言而喻），但媒体仍然称赞那个人为首席驱逐官和首席基础设施官。

Jason2.000 days ago
Government projects require unx labor even though non-unx still goes through the same inspection process. That is an old-fashioned rule whose time has run it's course. Outside government unxs are insignificant. Proving just how much governments could save by ending unxs in all government employees. Good job China on continued innovation. Our Country just gets bogged down in litigation regulation and corruption. It's like opposite world.

政府项目需要工会劳动，即使非工会仍然要经过同样的检查过程。这是一个过时但仍在运行的规则。政府外的工会无足轻重。这证明了政府在所有政府雇员中终止工会能节省多少钱。中国在持续创新上是好样的。我们的国家陷入了诉讼、监管和腐败的泥潭。简直是活在与之完全相反的世界里。

wow2.000 days ago
We are stuck with low speed trains with daily accidents. How can we handle high speed trains???

我们被困在每天都会发生事故的低速列车里。我们又怎么能掌控高速列车？？？

QX2.000 days ago
California is following Venezuela path of mismanagement.

加利福尼亚正步入委内瑞拉管理不善的后尘。

Clutch City2.000 days ago
An elevated mg-lev train would probably be ten times less money ten times safer and higher speed. But no lets build archaic technology. I swear.. this is a classic 'fleecing of America' case the forces behind this thing don't care about what's best and most practical for the people they just see an opportunity to milk the public of billions.

高架磁悬浮列车可能十倍省钱，十倍安全且更高速。但不不不，我们还是来建古老的（高铁）建设吧。我发誓.....这是个“掏空美国”的经典案例，这件事的背后力量根本不在乎什么是最好的，什么对人民是最实际的，他们只看到了操纵公众牟利数十亿美元的机会。

evereachyu2.000 days ago
China built from 0 mile to 15000 miles high speed rail just in 10 years. From president Reagan go through Bush senior Clinton another Bush Obama to the Great Trump the US federal debts had being grown from $1 trillion to $21 trillion; while the great land of opportunities still don't have a single mile of high speed rail. We are still talking for nothing.

中国在短短10年内建成了从0英里到1.5万英里的高速铁路。从里根总统到老布什、克林顿、另一个布什、奥巴马到大特朗普，这10年美国联邦债务从1万亿美元升到21万亿美元；而这一期间伟大的机遇之国却仍没有一英里的高速铁路。我们还是在纸上谈兵说空话。

Alexander2.000 days ago
Well done China very well done indeed. Keep up with the good work and make China Strong and Great Again

干得好，中国，真是太棒了。保持住这良好工作的势头，让中国再次富强和伟大起来吧！

Chrisxyesterday
I have been China many times and their BULLET trains are amazing. They are talking about raising the speed limit to 1000 km/hr in 4 years and I am not sure how that can be done. However Chinese government only says things it means. Why can't CA open bid to the world and including Chinese companies? Why does it have to be built by American? There might be a lot politics but 65% cost reduction will be a big save.

我去过中国很多次，他们的子弹头列车真心赞到爆。他们现在正谈论在4年内将时速限制提高到1千公里/小时，我不知道这该如何做到。然而，中国政府是说到做到。为什么美国首都航空公司不能面向世界公开招标，包括中国公司？为什么它必须得是美国人建造的才行？这其中可能有很多政治因素方面的影响，但65%的成本削减真是太救场了。

na2.000 days ago
We don't need high-speed rail. We are not copycats.

我们不需要高速铁路。我们可不是盲目的模仿者。

Noneyesterday
This is *exactly* why trade with China is neither free nor fair. Workers in the US have to pay for sewage treatment animal and child safety food quality inspection air and water quality building codes and zoning laws. If US workers could opt out of those costs they could compete fairly with Chinese workers. But nobody wants to live in an s-hole like China. So we want it both ways. Cheap stuff under the guise of "it's a free market" while leaving our workers uncompetitive due to the burden of a standard of living the Chinese aren't forced to pay for.

这就是为什么与中国贸易既不自由也不公平的原因。美国的工人必须支付废水处理、动物和儿童食品安全质量检测、空气质量与水质、建筑规范和分区法的费用。如果美国工人能够摆脱掉这些成本费，他们就能公平地与中国工人竞争。但没有人愿意生活在一个像中国一样的shi坑里。所以我们这两种方式都想要。因为中国人的标准生活负担不会被强制支付，廉价的东西假借“自由市场”的幌子，而让我们的工人失去了竞争力。