为什么每个人称别人为“姐妹/哥弟”或“阿姨/叔叔”即使他们不是自己的亲戚？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



GameofLoans16United States 于 2 天前 发表
I’m guessing that the translations for family words like “brother” and “uncle” are different in Chinese. What do they mean in Chinese?

我猜这是因为用来形容家庭成员的用词“brother（兄/弟）”和“uncle（叔叔）”其中文翻译的意思跟（英文的）不一样吧。它们在中文里是什么意思？

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–]diffianWales 30 指标 2 天前 
Why do British and Australians call their best friends “cunts”?

那为什么英国人和澳大利亚人喜欢称他们最好的朋友为“cunts（讨厌鬼）”？

[–]laoshitposter 6 指标 2 天前 
Because culture.

因为文化（差异）。

Ayi (Auntie) 阿姨 refers to your maternal auntie but in china is used as a reference to any woman from your parents generation. Note that ayi is really only used as a term for a maid someone who cooks and cleans a house/office

阿姨（Auntie）指的是你母亲那边的阿姨，但是在中国，它可以称呼你父母那一辈中的任何女性。请注意：“ayi”这个真的仅仅是用来称呼那些做饭或者打扫清洁卫生的女性。

Shushu (Uncle) 叔叔 is your fathers uncle but is used for a male of your parents generation. Mostly used by kids (i get called shushu by random kids on the subway etc)

叔叔（uncle）是你父亲那边的叔叔，但是可以用来称呼你父母那一辈的任何男性。很多时候是小孩在用（我有时也会被地铁上不认识的小孩称为叔叔等）

Meimei/Jiejie/didi/gege younger and older sister younger and older brother are used when you know someone or want to know them better. Usefull for when you forget someones name.

对你认识的人或者想要更加了解的人，比你小的称为妹妹/弟弟，比你年长的称为姐姐/哥哥。当你忘记某人的名字时，这招特别好用。

Avoid jiejie no girl wants to be told they're old.
Dage and dajie are 'polite' expressions for someone you dont know around the same age. Probably wouldnt use these as it sounds weird from someone who doesnt speak chinese.

避免使用“姐姐”这个叫法，没有女生想被人说她们很老。“大哥”和“大姐”是一种礼貌的表达，用来称呼那些你不认识的同龄人。很可能不会用来称呼那些不会说中文的人，因为那听起来很奇怪。

In general add 小 xiao to someones name to be affectionate/friendly. Like if my name is 李天 Li Tian you can call me 小李 or 小天 (小李 sounds better). Be careful there are some combinations with other meanings - usually parents call their kids some form of this so ask them what they prefer.

一般来讲，会在姓的前面加个小字来表示友好。像我的名字叫李天，你可以叫我小李或者小天（小李听起来更好）。小心点，有一些合并起来有其他意思——通常来讲，父母也会用这样的形式叫他们的小孩，所以问下他们喜欢哪一种（叫法）。

For bonus marks young people use 小姐姐 and小哥哥 (xiao jiejie xiao gege) for 'attractive girl' and 'attractive boy'. This is internet slang but pretty common in spoken chinese (in big cities).

年轻人称呼那些“有魅力的女孩”和”有魅力的男孩“为小姐姐和小哥哥是很加分的。这是网络用语，但是在中文口语（在一些大城市）里很常见。

Avoid xiaojie 小姐 as it means prostitute.
And thats about all i remember off the top of my head.

避免使用“小姐”，因为它的意思是妓女。这就是我脑海里能想起来的全部了。

[–]GameofLoans16United States[S] 1 指标 2 天前 
Thanks! What determines a generation? Like what if you’re 20 your parents 50 and your grandparents are 80 but the person you’re addressing is like 30 40 60 or 70? In between generations?

谢谢！是什么决定一代人？假如你20岁，你父母50岁，你的爷爷奶奶80岁，但是你遇到的人看起来像三四十岁，或者六七十岁？这种年龄介于两代人之间的呢？

[–]x0vash0xUnited States 1 指标 2 天前 
It's a guessing that Chinese just know the rules to because its their culture. It is something that Chinese just know instinctively because it is part of their language and culture. There is no formal rule it is just something that you know.

我猜中国人因为他们的文化而了解这些规则。这是中国人本能就知道的，因为这是他们语言和文化的一部分。这就是你所知道的一种东西，没有什么正式的规则。

I know this isn't a satisfactory answer but it is the best explanation I've been given.

我知道这并不是一个让人满意的回答，但是这就是我能给出的最好解释。

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[–]x0vash0xUnited States 1 指标 2 天前 
As a foreigner no one expects you to get them right. They wont be offended just amused. It is not something to worry about try your best and the worst that will happen is someone will politely correct you.

作为一个老外，没人期待你叫对人。他们不会觉得被冒犯，只是会被逗笑。这个你完全不需要担心，尽力去试，最坏的事不过是有人会礼貌地更正你。

[–]bradj43 1 指标 1 天前 
Also it's not entirely uncommon for Chinese people to make a mistake in incorrectly calling someone older or younger than themselves and usually others will just kind of point it out and maybe someone will be embarrassed but mostly just laugh it off.

中国人叫错比自己年长或者年幼的事情也是很常见的，通常来讲，那些人会好心提醒，有些人可能会觉得尴尬，但是大多数人只是一笑而过。

Thanks jiejie.

谢谢姐姐。

Jiejie?! What are you talking about you're older than me!

姐姐？！你在说什么？你比我大欸！

Oh haha sorry you're just so mature for your age 😲😊

噢，哈哈，你看起来比较成熟。😲😊

Etc.

等等。

[–]TheMediumPanda 1 指标 2 天前 
Well at least you're called shushu by random kids. I'm getting yeye most of the time. It's a beard dog nammit! It doesn't mean I'm 60 years old.

嘛，至少你偶尔被小孩子叫叔叔。我经常被叫爷爷。那只是胡须而已！并不代表我有60岁了！

[–]laoshitposter 1 指标 1 天前 
Haha its 100% the beard my friend

哈哈哈，朋友，100%确定是因为你的胡子。

[–]eslforchinesespeaker 1 指标 1 天前 
have you noticed mothers calling their babies "meimei" little sister?
i realized that a mother in her late thirties was calling her baby meimei. i asked a third person why and was told that "farmer people" sometimes do this because they think it is bad luck to use the baby's actual name too early.

你有注意到有些妈妈会叫她们的宝宝为“妹妹（little sister）”吗？我发现一位三十几岁的妈妈会叫她的宝宝为妹妹。我问第三个人这么叫的原因，被告知一些“农民”有时会这么叫，是因为她们觉得太早叫宝宝的真名是不吉利的。

the baby was just old enough to say "mama". ever seen this?

宝宝已经大到会喊“妈妈”了（还叫她“妹妹”），你有看到过么？

[–]laoshitposter 1 指标 21小时前 
Yeah i use meimei for most girls too.

是，我也叫过很多女孩“妹妹”过。

[–]laowai76 7 指标 2 天前 
It’s a polite way of addressing people. In Chinese there are differences with the words used for each kinship noun. ‘Jiejie’ is big sister ‘meimei’ is little sister and it goes on. But overall it’s a sign of respect to call some ‘gege’ big brother or ‘shushu’ uncle when you’ve taken on the younger role in the friendship/relationship.

这是一种礼貌称呼人的方式。在中国，有不同的词语来称呼不同的亲属。“姐姐”是指大的，“妹妹”是指小的。但是，当你在一段友谊/关系里处于年轻点的角色，那称呼一些年纪大的为“哥哥”或者“叔叔”是表示尊重。

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[–]anderssvedaval 7 指标 2 天前 
It's a collectivist culture just like the rest of East Asia. Everyone's your brother/sister/aunt/uncle. Of course this does not suggest that you are as close to everyone as you are to your real family. It's just a form of respect.

这是一种集体主义文化，就像东亚的其他地方一样。每个人都是你的哥哥/姐姐/叔叔/阿姨。当然，这并不是说你和每个人都很亲近，就像是你真的家人一样。这仅仅是一种尊重称呼。

[–]Smirth 3 指标 2 天前 
exactly
you will still fuck them sideways if money is involved

没错！如果牵扯到金钱，你还是会和他们杠上。

[–]anderssvedaval 8 指标 2 天前 
Yep just like the rest of humanity.

是，就像其他人一样。

[–]MukdenManUnited States 1 指标 1 天前 
And to be fair a lot of people screw over family members when money is involved too.

说句公道话，当牵扯到金钱时，很多人都会和家庭成员闹翻。

[–]Smirth 1 指标 1 天前 
China is a miraculous economy - unlike rest of humanity
China people act like shit - just like rest of humanity

中国是经济奇迹——不像其他人；中国人举止粗鲁——就像其他人一样。

[–]jhumri_talaiya 2 指标 2 天前 
How do Westerners call ? Hey man mister or ma'am ?
I think it's weird to call brother sister or uncle … right ? ( Haven't seen in movies )

西方人是怎么称呼的？嗨，男士（man），先生（mister）或者夫人/女士（madam）？我想叫哥哥、姐姐或者叔叔很奇怪...对么？（电影里没见到过）

[–]GameofLoans16United States[S] -1 指标 2 天前 
I would just say “excuse me” or “hello.” In the US at least you have to be careful about assuming someone’s gender with PC language being a thing.

我会说“不好意思（excuse me）”或者“你好（hello）”。在美国，因为政治正确用语的原因，至少你要小心你的用词，避免涉及到对方性别的称呼。

[–]jhumri_talaiya 1 指标 1 天前 
Ya I wonder how would a old lady or gentleman would react when some Asian guy would come and say hi uncle can you tell me where is good restaurant nearby …

我很好奇，假如有一个亚洲人跑来说“你好，叔叔，你可以告诉我附近好吃的餐馆在哪里么？”，年老的女士或者绅士会怎么回应。

[–]Dormin111 2 指标 1 天前 
This is one of those things where it's actually the White European/Americans who are the odd ones. Calling friends brother/sister/cousin/aunt/uncle is pretty common throughout the world. Only Europe and the Ango-Sphere find it strange.

这是一件白种欧洲人/美国人才是那奇怪的一方的事。称呼朋友为哥哥/姐姐/堂兄/婶婶/叔叔在全世界都是很普遍的，只有欧洲以及（英语语言）国家的人觉得这很奇怪。

-------------译者：开了个花-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

[–]eoffif44 1 指标 1 天前 
All other posters are missing the reality of the situation.
Due to the one child policy having a sibling is exceedingly rare. Noone really has brothers or sisters or aunties or uncles.

其他答主都遗漏了情况的本质。由于实施一胎政策，拥有兄弟姐妹是十分罕见的，一个人不会真的有兄弟姐妹，或者叔叔阿姨。

Therefore I believe the meaning of the word has evolved. An uncle/auntie is an older person for whom you wish to show respect. While a brother/sister is a very close friend.
I may be totally wrong on this but that was always how I figured it.

因此，我认为这些词汇的含义已经获得了扩展，叔叔/阿姨是指你希望对其表示出尊敬的年长于你的人，而哥弟或姐妹则是指亲密的朋友。也许我完全错了，但一直以来我就是这么理解的。

[–]vikfandNorway 1 指标 1 天前 
brotha from anotha motha

异母的兄弟。

[–]oolongvanilla 1 指标 1 天前 
I notice that Indians do this too when speaking English. Older women are aunty and older men are uncle.

我注意到印度人也这么干，他们会把年长的妇女称作阿姨，年长的男人则叫叔叔。

I think it's more that the US and other "Western" English-speaking countries are less focused on formalities and honorifics and more focused on respecting personal boundaries which might make the modern youth culture seem more cold aloof and disrespectful to people coming from traditional Asian societies. We've even started giving up "ma'am" and "sir" and "miss" due to the potentially awkward assumptions they make about age marital status gender identity job position or education level (calling an Md or a PhD "Mrs." instead of "Dr.").

我觉得这更多是因为，美国和其他“西方”说英语国家比较少关注礼节和敬语，而更在意尊敬他人和个人界限，这可能导致现代青年一代的文化变得更冷漠、更远离，也对来自于亚洲传统社会的人们显得失礼。由于他们对年龄、婚姻状况、性别身份、职业或者教育水平进行潜在的尴尬假设（称呼一个医学博士或者哲学博士为夫人[Mrs.]，而不是叫她博士），我们甚至开始放弃“夫人/女士（ma'am）”、“先生（sir）”和“小姐（miss）”的称呼。

I know that when speaking Chinese I had a lot of trouble overcoming my discomfort with these formalities but to native speakers referring to that older woman as "女人" instead of "阿姨" when recounting an experience from the day before came across as frigid clinical and strange.

我知道在说中文时，这些礼节令我感到不舒服，很难去克服它。但对于本土人而言，当在谈及前天遇到迎面走来的一位年长的妇女时，把她称作做“女人”而不是“阿姨”是很冷漠奇怪的。
 
[–]PM-ME-YUAN 0 指标 2 天前 
I think it's rude to call someone by their name or something in China? I dunno?
Whenever I go out with a Chinese friend they will introduce all the guy friends as "Brother last name" and every girl will be "Xiao meinu"

我认为在中国用其名字去称呼一个人是很不礼貌的，对吗？我不是很清楚。不论何时，只要我和中国朋友出去玩，他们总是将他们的男性朋友介绍为“某哥某弟（哥字前加其姓氏）”，每一个女孩都会是“小美女”。

[–]GameofLoans16United States[S] -2 指标 2 天前 
In Cambodia this young woman called me “sister” as an address. I was a little confused but assumed she was trying to be polite and that’s how someone of around the same age is addressed there. I look quite young (or so people say) people have guessed as young as 18 and this woman was probably mid to late 20s I’m guessing.

在柬埔寨，我对这个年轻女性把我称呼为“妹妹”而有点困惑，但我想她只是想表现得友好礼貌点，在当地就是这么称呼年龄相近的人的。我看起来很是年轻（人们是这么说的），人们猜我的年龄是18岁，所以我猜这个女人看来很可能有20多接近30岁这样。

And with PC culture in the US these days you have to be careful with how you address people in terms of gender. I’d just say “excuse me” to avoid any gender age or marital status implications.

美国如今流行政治政确，在对别人涉及性别的称呼时要尽可能小心一些。我就只会对别人说“打扰一下”，以避免任何会造成性别、年龄或者是婚姻状况的尴尬情况的叫法。