借助阿根廷的空间站，中国逐步扩大在拉美的影响力，印网友热议

From a space station in Argentina, China expands its reach in Latin America

借助阿根廷的空间站，中国逐步扩大在拉丁美洲的影响力

QUINTUCO (ARGENTINA): The giant antenna rises from the desert floor like an apparition, a gleaming metal tower jutting 16 stories above an endless wind-whipped stretch of Patagonia.

昆图科(阿根廷):巨大的天线像幽灵一样从沙漠中升起，一座闪耀的金属塔耸立在绵延无尽的巴塔哥尼亚上空，总高16层。

The 450-ton device, with its hulking dish embracing the open skies, is the centerpiece of a $50 million satellite and space mission control station built by the Chinese military.

这台450吨重的设备是中国军方建造的一个价值5000万美元的卫星和太空航行地面指挥站的核心部件。

The isolated base is one of the most striking symbols of Beijing’s long push to transform Latin America and shape its future for generations to come — often in ways that directly undermine the United States’ political, economic and strategic power in the region.

这个与世隔绝的基地是中国长期推动拉美转型、塑造未来的最引人注目的标志之一，这种方式会直接削弱美国在拉美的政治、经济和战略势力。

The station began operating in March, playing a pivotal role in China’s audacious expedition to the far side of the moon — an endeavor that Argentine officials say they are elated to support.

该空间站于今年3月开始启用，在中国大胆探索月球背面的行动中发挥了关键作用。阿根廷官员表示，他们为能支持这一行动感到高兴。

But the way the base was negotiated — in secret, at a time when Argentina desperately needed investment — and concerns that it could enhance China’s intelligence gathering capabilities in the hemisphere have set off a debate in Argentina about the risks and benefits of being pulled into China’s orbit.

但这个基地的协商方式——在阿根廷迫切需要投资之际进行秘密谈判——以及对它可能增强中国在西半球的情报收集能力的担忧，在阿根廷引发了一场关于被拉入中国轨道的利与弊的辩论。

“Beijing has transformed the dynamics of the region, from the agendas of its leaders and businessmen to the structure of its economies, the content of its politics and even its security dynamics,” said R Evan Ellis, a professor of Latin American studies at the US Army War College.

美国陆军战争学院拉丁美洲研究教授埃文•艾利斯表示:“北京在该地区的行动已从领导人和商界人士转变为经济结构、政治内容，乃至安全动态。”

For much of the past decade, the United States has paid little attention to its backyard in the Americas. Instead, it declared a pivot toward Asia, hoping to strengthen economic, military and diplomatic ties as part of the Obama administration’s strategy to constrain China.

在过去十年的大部分时间里，美国很少关注自己在美洲的后院。相反，美国宣布以亚洲为轴心，希望加强经济、军事和外交关系，作为奥巴马政服遏制中国战略的一部分。

Since taking office, the Trump administration has retreated from that approach in some fundamental ways, walking away from a free-trade pact with Pacific nations, launching a global trade war and complaining about the burden of Washington’s security commitments to its closest allies in Asia and other parts of the world.

自上任以来，特朗普政服已在一些根本方面放弃了这种做法，放弃了与太平洋国家的自由贸易协定，发动了一场全球贸易战，并抱怨华盛顿对其在亚洲和世界其他地区最亲密盟友所做的安全承诺负担过于沉重。

All the while, China has been discreetly carrying out a far-reaching plan of its own across Latin America. It has vastly expanded trade, bailed out governments, built enormous infrastructure projects, strengthened military ties and locked up tremendous amounts of resources, hitching the fate of several countries in the region to its own.

一直以来，中国一直谨慎地在拉美地区实施影响深远的计划。中国大幅扩大了贸易，帮助各国政服摆脱了困境，建设了庞大的基础设施项目，加强了军事联系，并封锁了大量资源，将该地区几个国家的命运与自己的命运联系在一起。

Even with parts of Latin America witnessing a rightwards political shift in the recent years, its leaders have tailored their policies to fulfill China’s demand. Now Beijing’s dominance in much of the region — and what it means for America’s waning stature — is starting to come into sharp focus.

尽管近年来拉丁美洲的部分地区正经历着一场右倾的政治转变，但拉美领导人已经调整了自己的政策，以满足中国的需求。如今，北京在亚洲大部分地区的主导地位——以及这对美国日渐式微的地位意味着什么——开始成为人们关注的焦点。

“It’s a fait accompli,” said Diego Guelar, Argentina’s ambassador to China.

“这是既成事实，”阿根廷驻华大使迭戈•圭拉表示。

Trade between China and countries in Latin America and the Caribbean reached $244 billion last year, more than twice what it was a decade earlier, according to Boston University’s Global Development Policy Center. Since 2015, China has been South America’s top trading partner, eclipsing the United States.

波士顿大学全球发展政策中心的数据显示，去年中国与拉美和加勒比国家之间的贸易额达到2440亿美元，是十年前的两倍多。自2015年以来，中国一直是南美最大的贸易伙伴，超过了美国。

Perhaps more significantly, China has issued tens of billions of dollars in commodities-backed loans across the Americas, giving it claim over a large share of the region’s oil — including nearly 90 per cent of Ecuador’s reserves — for years.

或许更重要的是，多年来，中国在美洲各地发放了数百亿美元的大宗商品支持贷款，从而获得了该地区石油的很大份额，其中包括厄瓜多尔近90%的储量。

China has also made itself indispensable by rescuing embattled governments and vital state-controlled companies in countries like Venezuela and Brazil, willing to make big bets to secure its place in the region.

中国也让自己成为委内瑞拉和巴西等国不可或缺的力量，救助了陷入困境的政服和关键的国有控股公司，中国也为了再该地区确保自己的地位而豪赌。

Here in Argentina, a nation that had been shut out of international credit markets for defaulting on about $100 billion in bonds, China became a godsend for then-President Cristina Fernández.

阿根廷因无力偿还1000亿美元债券而被国际信贷市场拒之门外的国家，而中国成为当时的阿根廷总统克里斯蒂娜•费尔南德斯的天赐良机。

And while it was extending a helping hand, China began the secret negotiations that led to the satellite and space control station here in Patagonia.

在伸出援助之手的同时，中国开始了秘密谈判，因此获得了巴塔哥尼亚卫星和空间控制站。

Argentine officials say the Chinese have agreed not to use the base for military purposes. But experts contend that the technology on it has many strategic uses.

阿根廷官员说，中国同意不把这个基地用于军事目的。但专家认为，基地的技术有许多战略用途。

Frank A Rose, an assistant secretary of state for arms control during the Obama administration, said he spent much of his time worrying about China’s budding space program. US intelligence and defense officials watched with alarm as China developed sophisticated technology to jam, disrupt and destroy satellites in recent years, he said.

奥巴马政服时期负责军备控制的助理国务卿弗兰克·A·罗斯说，他对中国正在萌芽的太空计划焦虑已久。他说，美国情报和国防官员警惕地注视着中国近年来研发的堵塞、干扰和摧毁卫星的先进技术。

“They are deploying these capabilities to blunt American military advantages, which are in many ways derived from space,” Rose said.

“他们正通过这些功能来削弱美国的军事优势，这些优势在很多方面都源自太空，”罗斯说。

Antennas and other equipment that support space missions, like the kind China now has here in Patagonia, can increase China’s intelligence-gathering capabilities, experts say.

专家说，天线和其他支持太空任务的设备，比如中国目前在巴塔哥尼亚拥有的设备，可以提高中国的情报收集能力。

Lt Col Christopher Logan, a Pentagon spokesman, said US military officials were assessing the implications of the Chinese monitoring station. Chinese officials declined requests for interviews about the base and their space program.

五角大楼发言人克里斯托弗•洛根上校表示，美国军方官员正在评估中国监测站的影响。中国官员拒绝就基地及其太空项目接受采访。

Beyond any strategic contest with the United States, some leaders in Latin America are now having doubts and regrets about their ties to China, worried that past governments have saddled their nations with enormous debt and effectively sold out their futures.

除了与美国的任何战略竞争之外，拉美的一些领导人现在对他们与中国的关系感到怀疑和遗憾，他们担心过去的政服给他们的国家带来了巨额债务，实际上出卖了他们的未来。

But Guelar argued that hitting the brakes on engagement with China would be shortsighted, particularly at a time when Washington has given up its long-standing role as the region’s political and economic anchor.

但圭拉认为，停止与中国接触是目光短浅的行为，尤其是在华盛顿放弃其作为该地区政治和经济支柱的长期角色之际。

“There has been an abdication” of leadership by the United States, he said. “It surrendered that role not because it lost it, but because it doesn’t wish to take it on.”

他说，美国“已经放弃了”领导地位。“它放弃这个角色不是因为它失去能力，而是因为不愿担起责任。”

The Argentine government was in crisis mode in 2009. Inflation was high. Billions of dollars in debt payments were coming due. Anger was swelling over the government, including its decision to nationalize $30 billion in private pension funds. And the worst drought in five decades was making the economic situation even more bleak.

阿根廷政服在2009年陷入危机。通货膨胀率高。数十亿美元的债务即将到期。人们对政服的愤怒日益高涨，尤其是政服决定将300亿美元的私人养老基金收归国有。五十年来最严重的干旱使经济形势更加严峻。

Enter China. First, it struck a $10.2 billion currency swap deal that helped stabilize the Argentine peso, and then promised to invest $10 billion to fix the nation’s dilapidated rail system.

回到中国，首先，它达成了102亿美元的货币互换协议，帮助阿根廷政服稳定了阿根廷比索，然后承诺投资100亿美元来修复该国破旧的铁路系统。

In the middle of all this, China also dispatched a team to Argentina to discuss Beijing’s ambitions in space.

在此期间，中国还派出一个小组前往阿根廷，讨论北京方面在太空方面的野心。

The Chinese wanted a satellite-tracking hub on the other side of the globe before the launch of an expedition to the far side of the moon.

中国人想在对月球远端进行考察之前，在地球的另一面建立一个卫星跟踪中心。

If successful, the mission, scheduled to launch this year, will be a milestone in space exploration, potentially paving the way for the extraction of helium 3, which some scientists believe could provide a revolutionary clean source of energy.

如果原定于今年发射的这一任务取得成功，将成为太空探索的一个里程碑，有可能为提取氦3铺平道路。一些科学家认为，氦3可能提供一种革命性的清洁能源。

China Satellite Launch and Tracking Control General, a division of the country’s armed forces, settled on this windswept 494-acre patch in Argentina’s Neuquén province.

中国的卫星发射和跟踪控制总司令部，作为中国军队的一个分队，在阿根廷纽根省的这片狂风肆孽的494英亩的土地上安扎了下来。

Flanked by mountains and far from population centers, the site offered an ideal vantage point for Beijing to monitor satellites and space missions around the clock.

在群山环绕、远离人口中心的地方，该站点为北京方面提供了一个理想位置，随时监测卫星和太空任务。

Félix Clementino Menicocci, secretary-general of Argentina’s National Space Activities Commission, a government agency, said the Chinese had pitched officials with promises of economic development and the prospect of enabling a history-making endeavor.

阿根廷国家航天活动委员会(一个政服机构)秘书长费利克斯•克莱门蒂诺•梅尼可奇表示，中国向官员们许下了经济发展的承诺，以及开创历史的前景。

“They’ve become major players in space in the span of a few years,” Menicocci said of China’s space program.

“在短短几年时间里，他们已经成为了太空领域的主要参与者，”梅尼可奇谈到中国的太空计划时说。

After months of secret negotiations, Neuquén province and the Chinese government signed a deal in November 2012, giving China the right to the land — rent free — for 50 years.

经过数月的秘密谈判，纽根省和中国政服在2012年11月签署了一项协议，授予中国50年免租金的土地使用权。

When provincial lawmakers caught wind of the project after construction was underway, some were aghast. Betty Kreitman, a lawmaker in Neuquén at the time, said she was outraged that the Chinese military was being allowed to set up a base on Argentine soil.

当省级议员们在建设工程开始、听到了风声后，一些人被吓呆了。时任纽根省议员的贝蒂•克雷特曼表示，她对中国军方获准在阿根廷境内建立基地感到愤慨。

“Surrendering sovereignty in your own country is shameful,” Kreitman said.

“在自己的国家放弃主权是可耻的行为，”克雷特曼说。

“China is positioning itself in a world that is safe for the rise of China,” he said. “If you’re talking about the 2049 world, from the perspective of Latin America, China will have unquestionably surpassed the United States on absolute power and size. ”

“中国正让自己处于一个对中国崛起而言安全的世界，”他说。“如果你说的是2049年的世界，从拉丁美洲的角度来看，中国无疑将在绝对实力和规模上超过美国。”

印度时报网友评论：

原创翻译：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/45690.html  译者:Joyceliu

外文：https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/china/from-a-space-station-in-argentina-china-expands-its-reach-in-us-backyard/articleshow/65186875.cms

talking India-USA-16 hours ago

China builds but never talks. Indians talk all the time but build nothing. If India had built anything in S. America it would have shouted space high. Oh yes, India did exported some of its copied Italy chopters to a SM country. Most crashed soon the rest are returned to India for refund.

中国埋头苦干，从不废话。而印度人一直在说，但啥也不干。如果印度在南美建造了什么东西，它绝对会向全宇宙嚷嚷。是的，印度确实将一些仿制的意大利直升机出口到一个南美国家。但大多数飞机很快就坠毁了，其余的都被送回印度，要求退款。

 

Ankit-12 hours ago-Follow

All these last 70 years China was marching ahead towards staggering progress, while here in India Congress was busy, fooling, dividing, looting and spreading communal hatred amongst us Indians. Look at China and realise how much harm Congress has done to us...

在过去的70年里，中国一直在朝着惊人的进步前进，而印度的国大党则忙着欺骗、分裂、掠夺，并在我们印度人中间传播集体仇恨。看看中国，就能意识到国大党对我们造成了多大的伤害……

 

Raja Paul-13 hours ago-Follow

China does not have stupid oposition parties like us. Have you ever come across any pappu lallu mamta maya kejri among chinese politicians.

中国没有像我们这样愚蠢的党派。你在中国的政客中见过帕普、拉鲁、玛姆塔、玛雅、凯吉里这类人么?

 

Darius-13 hours ago-Follow

China is simply unstoppable and we too unstoppable as GAU MATA VIGILANTE TERROR

中国是不可阻挡的，我们也无法阻挡高斯马塔的恐怖行动。

 

Divided By-United By Hearts-11 hours ago-Follow

And we are fighting reservations...

我们还在为预留制抗争……

 

Ganesh Montadka-Bangalore-12 hours ago-Follow

Very focused nation people..no nonsense like India

他们非常关注国家和人民. .不像印度总是废话连篇

 

GESK-13 hours ago-Follow

Leader with a vision will always lead its country to new heights and hear our leaders talk cow politics religion headlines are filled with baseless topics..

有远见的领导人总是能把国家带向新的高度，而我们的领导人谈论的都是牛、政治、宗教，标题都充斥着莫名其妙的话题。

 

Vijay -India-13 hours ago-Follow

China leads an example on how to establish themselves in this world! Which worries many countries!

中国树立了如何在世界上展现自我的榜样!这让许多国家都很担心!

 

Ashok Prabhu-13 hours ago-Follow

China is slowly trying to overwhelm USA via the Latin American route.

中国正慢一步步试图通过拉美路线打倒美国。

 

sjpullad-12 hours ago-Follow

There is truth in this article. If we look carefully China is silently spreading their net across the globe. Today, we can see Chinese presence in most of the African countries. If you look, these African countries are rich in minerals, and the governments in those countries are not able to use it for the welfare of their people due to their internal problems and fights. Chinese have come there in the pretext of helping them, but their actual aim is to extradite wealth from there

这篇文章是有道理的。如果我们仔细观察，中国正默默地在全球撒网。今天，我们可以发现中国在大多数非洲国家的存在。如果你观察一下就会发现，这些非洲国家矿产资源丰富，这些国家的政服由于内部问题和斗争，无法将其用于人民的福利。中国人以帮助他们为借口来到这里，但他们真正的目的是将财富从那里引流出去。

 

Jyoti Ranjan Kar-12 hours ago-Follow

India need to develop in rapid pace now for a long stretch. With a notorious super power like China at back yard both military & financial growth is a must now. It is not the responsibilty of govt or any political parties only, common citizens need to be awared.

印度现在需要长期快速发展。有中国这样一个臭名昭著的超级大国存在，发展军事和金融都是当务之急。这不仅仅是政服或任何政党的责任，普通公民也需要意识到这一点。

 

Venakt Gopalakrishnan-Canada-13 hours ago-Follow

China''s economy was built on trade with USA, push cheap goods into the USA, go all out to ,steal their secrets/patents, bring in a trade deficit while expanding their military footprints across the globe in clandestine deals. USA is embroiled and heavily bogged down in Middleeast and Asian politicking and giving all the loopholes for China to dominate. The dragon is encircling the eagle to throttle it from all angles. USA and the West cannot wiggle out. It is done deal.

中国的经济建立在与美国的贸易基础上，把廉价商品推向美国，不遗余力地窃取他们的秘密/专利，带来贸易逆差，同时在暗中交易中扩大他们在全球的军事足迹。美国卷入了中东和亚洲的政治纷争，并陷入了严重的困境，这给了中国主导世界带来了可乘之机。巨龙包围了老鹰，从各个角度对它进行节流。美国和西方无法摆脱。木已成舟，既成事实。

 

Sathyan-13 hours ago-Follow

One and only option for US to contain rogue China is to give all out support to India in defence,same time India also should give all logistical aide to US

美国遏制流氓中国的唯一方法是在国防上全力支持印度，同时印度也应该向美国提供所有的后勤援助

 

Tukaram-13 hours ago-Follow

It is Argentina's undoing. It will definitely repent for giving licence to China a country whose human right record is pathetic.Argentina will be enslaved by China as this nation is unreliable and selfish.

这是阿根廷走向毁灭的原因。它一定会为给中国颁发许可证而后悔，因为中国的人权记录奇差无比。阿根廷将被中国奴役，因为这个国家不足为信，自私自利。

 

ekdesi-USA-13 hours ago-Follow

Well, for China it is a small amount and worth spending to get its presence felt outside the continent. India can''t afford that. Too many welfare schemes, few resources, quotas, election-wary governments, bureaucracy....

好吧，对中国来说，在亚洲大陆之外刷存在感的成本太低，值得投资。印度负担不起。太多的福利计划，资源太少，配额问题，为了选举缩手缩脚的政服官僚....

 

Avik-12 hours ago-Follow

It is alarming China is taking over natural resources of the world like a parasite. It is preying on weak and bankrupt nations by giving them huge loans and seizing land , raw materials. It is a demon double the size of East India Company. Silently it is chewing the whole world. Only a war with US will settle the matter now.

令人担忧的是，中国正像寄生虫一样掌控世界自然资源。它通过提供巨额贷款、征用土地和原材料来掠夺弱小和破产的国家。它是一个比东印度公司大一倍的恶魔。它默默地在蚕食整个世界。现在只有与美国开战才能解决问题。

 

Ramesh Sargam-Bangalore-13 hours ago-Follow

The Chinese presence is everywhere in the world. Beware of them.

中国在世界各地都怒刷存在感。要堤防他们。

 

Bhagavathy-Shangli-6 hours ago-Follow

With US, the uranium rich Argentina (Largest reserve in South America) & Oil Rich Venezuela (World's largest oil reserve, greater than Saudi Arabia) were kneeled under utter poverty, God send China help them recovery.

美国让盛产铀的阿根廷(拥有南美洲最大的储量)和盛产石油的委内瑞拉(拥有全球最大的石油储量，比沙特阿拉伯还要大)陷入赤贫，上帝保佑中国帮助他们涅槃重生。

 

sour Indians-UK-10 hours ago

Poor Indians! vomiting sour grape juice from above due to jealousy and wetting their pants copiously down below due to fear.

可怜的印度人!因为妒忌而狂喷酸葡萄汁，因为害怕把裤子彻底尿湿。

 

Pratyush-11 hours ago-Follow

May be there are some shortcomings of Modi government, despite that we need this Modi and BJP government in power if we want to see India looking eye to eye with the Chinese in the near future, globally

也许莫迪政服是有一些不足之处，但除此之外，如果我们想看到印度在不久的将来与中国在全球范围内不相上下的话，我们还是需要莫迪和印度人民党政服掌权

 

Sekhar-11 hours ago-Follow

Their presence is increasing day by day, look at their aggressiveness.
India has to go long way, remove caste based reservations n vote bank politics, then only India can shine, else these politicians divide the people in the name of religion &caste.

他们的存在一天比一天增强，看看他们的侵略性。

印度还有很长一段路要走，去除基于种姓的预留制和票仓政治，然后印度才能闪耀光芒，否则这些政客还会以宗教和种姓的名义分裂人民。

 

Cp-Chennai-12 hours ago-Follow

The current ruling dispensation in our country is busy with Cow and Cow politics and their thoughts are always busy with "how to polarize this country on Communal lines.

当前我国的统治阶层正忙于神牛和神牛政治，他们的思想总是忙于“如何使国家两极分化”。

 

N Renganathan-Location-12 hours ago-Follow

time for Uncle Sam to wake up and monitor

山姆大叔该醒醒了，开始监控中国吧

 

The Dust-Mars-13 hours ago-Follow

Soon the chinkies will be scooting all over the globe by sticking their tails in their a ss.

很快，中国佬会一骑绝尘，甩开全世界。