美版知乎：与中国相比，印度缺少什么

What does India lack when compared to China?

跟中国相比，印度缺少什么？

 Quora读者的评论：

Shikhar Agarwal, studied at Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery Degrees

I feel It's the ‘unity’ and the ‘team spirit’ that India lacks as a unit than China .

It's to be noted that I'm not saying India is not a United country. Of course we are united . My point is being united as a team.

Just like Indian cricket team or any other sport team. When one fails, the other teammates work double to compensate in order to win.

That is what is China rich in. Today is you give something to the Chinese , they will make a clone of it. So much that we cannot distinguish between the original and the fake.

Point here is not of their skills. Point here is that the Chinese work as a team. The pride of their company (or country at large) comes first before their own.

They will do everything to save the face of their firm much like what the Indian army does every time india’s honor is at stake ( if you're forgetting the 2010 commonwealth games flyover incident) .

So if we Indians take our company’s pride or our country's at large , we can beat China because we have the resources. We have everything we need to beat them except the team spirit and oneness!

我觉得印度作为一个整体所缺乏的就是“团结”和“团队精神”。

要注意，我并不是说印度不是一个统一的国家。我们当然是统一的。我的意思是团结成一个团队。

就像印度板球队或其他运动队一样。当一个人有问题时，其他队友会加倍努力来弥补，以取得胜利。

这就是中国的擅长之处。今天你给中国人一样东西，他们就会克隆出一个来。我们甚至区分不出来真品和赝品。

这里说的并不是他们的技巧。重点是中国人是一个团队。他们的公司(或整个国家)的尊严比他们自己的更重要。

他们会尽一切努力挽回公司的面子，就像印度军队在每次事关印度荣誉的时候所做的那样(就像2010年英联邦运动会立交桥事件)。

因此，如果我们印度人为我们的公司或整个国家感到自豪，我们就能打败中国，因为我们拥有资源。我们拥有击败他们所需要的一切，但就是没有团队精神和团结意识！

 

Vishnu S. Sharma

India lags far behind in many aspects when compared to China .

Some of them are :

1 . Toilets : As you all know India stands first in open defecation. But programs like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan are commendable and India is on the right track .

2. Killer Instinct : Yes , that killer instinct ! Let’s talk about Olympics . Two of the World’s largest populated countries have a vast difference as far as medals are concerned . Chinese train at a very early age as compared to India . It’s not that India does not have world class facilities in sports . But the instinct is lacking somewhere .
3. Aggression : Talk South China Sea or Indian Ocean . Chinese have tried their level best to establish their supremacy .They got the guts to stand against the decision of International Court of Justice . The way they handle the separatists of Uyghur is much more impressive than we Indians handle Kashmiri separatists. We just need to crush the anti nationalists at any cost .
4. Understanding amongst people : We Indians get excited when Diwali or any other festival approaches . But the Chinese prepare themselves to mass produce Decorative Lights, Crackers , Toys , Statues etc. And we the people of India hamper our economy by buying Chinese products . This is not a fair trade and Globalisation where India only can import the products from China but not Export .
5. Economy and Military : Yes ! India needs to perform exceptionally well as we all know that the world’s fastest growing economy at the GDP 7.5 is all facade . We don’t correctly calculate the GDP . Also India needs to keep a balanced friendship with USA , RUSSIA, Sri Lanka , Iran and south east asian countries to bolster it’s policies on look east asia , chabahar port, and destroy China’s silk route.

Thank YOU

与中国相比，印度在很多方面都远远落后。

以下就列举一些：

1.厕所：众所周知，印度的露天排便排问题是最严重的。像清洁城市这样的工程值得称赞，印度正走在正确的道路上。

2.杀手本能：是的，杀手本能！我们来谈谈奥运会。就奖牌数量而言，世界上人口最多的两个国家存在着巨大的差异。与印度相比，中国起步得很早。并不是说印度没有世界级的体育设施。但某种程度上，这种本能是缺失的。

3.侵略：说说南海或印度洋吧。中国人尽了最大的努力来确立自己的霸权，他们有勇气反对国际法院的裁决。我们只需要不惜一切代价粉碎反民族主义者。

4.百姓观念：当排灯节或其他节日临近时，我们印度人会很兴奋。但中国人则准备大量生产装饰灯、饼干、玩具、雕像等。我们印度人购买中国产品，阻碍了印度的经济发展。这是不公平的贸易和全球化进程，印度只能从中国进口产品，而不是出口。

5.经济与军事：是的!印度需要表现得格外出色，因为我们都知道，世界上增长最快的经济体GDP仅为7.5，这只是表面现象。我们的GDP算的不对。此外，印度需要与美国、俄罗斯、斯里兰卡、伊朗和东南亚国家保持和谐的友谊，才能让他们支持印度对东亚、恰巴哈港的政策，摧毁中国的丝绸之路。

谢谢你！

 

ritro P Chaudhry

Indians as a major lack a

1)constructive mentality

印度缺乏的是

1)建设性的心态

2)positive attitude

2）积极的态度

 

3)healthy work culture

3）健康的工作文化

 

Sriharish Padmanabhan, studied at Guru Nanak College, Velachery, Chennai

India and China are ancient civilizations which cannot be looked at through limited contemporary lenses of economic growth. These are extremely layered societies and our measurement of growth has to be much more nuanced than the perspective that our economic models afford us.

That said, in strictly economic terms, China has a lot less complexities to deal with considering that the communist party reigns supreme. This manifests in chinese labor laws, human rights laws, market laws etc. The speed with which the chinese have shaped this era leaves most baffled.

BACKGROUND

From spirituality down to town planning, indic civilizations have always sought to work with its subjects and adopt a rather “hands off model”. when one looks at the millions of devtas (not gods) in india, or for that matter the architecture of ancient indic mega cities, one is essentially looking at the same philosophy : de-centralization.

印度和中国都是文明古国，不能用当代经济增长的有限眼光来看待。两个国家都是高度分层的社会，我们对增长的衡量必须比我们的经济模型给我们的视角细致得多。

背景

从精神到城市规划，印度文明一直希望找到符合自身特点的模式，“放手不管”。当你看到印度数以百万计的devtas(不是神)，或者印度古代大城市的建筑时，你基本上看到的都是同样的哲学:去中心化。

Whether it is Harappa in the north west or say Tanjore in the deep south, all have an architecture of being extremely de-centralized. almost all major kingdoms seem to have adopted a similar structure, which talks a lot about the way in which the king and his entourage perceived the role of governance and to a great extent, has set the tone when it comes to expectations of public from the govt. This is not to say that India is a 100% sensitive to its people as institutional apathy seems to be a common phenomenon. But India CANNOT move ahead if apathy is the norm as Indians would poo-poo this kind of a model. The result is that enviormental clearances wont come through, farmers wont give their land etc. etc.

on the contrary, the chinese enjoy a rich tradition in centralized planning. bear in mind that this is a civilization that built the great wall in break neck speed. not to portray china in a negative light at all, as after all, this is one of the most significant and beautiful civilizations known to man.

Come this century, while both these civilizations have come a long way from their colonial past, unwittingly enough, both nations have unconsciously retained their ancient zeitgeist. You are more Indian than you realize and after having moved with very many chinese people, it does come to mind that they are indeed more chinese than one realizes. The Indians and chinese are quint essentially the same people that have made minor changes to their way of life.

this ancient thought process is best captured in our present governance models.

无论是在西北部的哈拉帕，还是在南部腹地的坦若尔，都有极度去中心化的建筑。几乎所有主要王国都采用了类似的结构，这在很大程度上说明了国王及其随行人员如何认识到治理的作用，并在很大程度上为政府对公众的期望设定了基调。这并不是说印度对其人民100%敏感，因为在制度上普遍都很冷漠。但如果冷漠是一种常态，印度就无法前进，因为印度人会声讨这种模式。其结果是，环境清理不会通过，农民不会让出他们的土地。

相反，中国人有集中规划的传统。记住，这是一个用极快的速度打造了长城的文明。不要用负面的眼光来看待中国，毕竟，中国是人类已知的最重要、最美丽的文明之一。

到了本世纪，虽然这两个文明都从殖民时代走出来很久了，但两国都默默保留了古老的时代精神。你比你意识里的更像印度人，在和很多中国人一起生活后，你会意识到他们也比你意识里的更像中国人。印度人和中国人本质上是同一群人，他们对自己的生活方式做出了微小的改变。

这个古老的思维方式在我们当前的治理模型中得到了完美的体现。

china decides and china does. india decides and india too does, in a few decades that is:). the communist part enjoys a relatively free hand in bringing about change to their nation. The GoI however has to engage and persuade almost all stakeholders in the process,hence slowing things down. neither is right or wrong, but each is uniquely theirs.

But what seems like a painfully slow process has the spirit of consensus etched into it. when india moves, it would have HOPEFULLY resolved all major issues including that of human rights, environment, labor laws etc. for india without those pieces in place, wouldnt be india at all. In a thriving India, the cauvery and capital would be equally sacred.

and such a deeply emotional language is a language that the rest of the world understands and doesnt really fear.

Ive never been more optimistic about india than I am today. for all her obvious flaws, shes not gonna gloss over and present a different version of herself merely because it means a higher growth rate (and im not saying thats a good thing).

India is evidently what she is for you are evidently what you are.

and it is what it is.

So Indians need not fret looking at the chinese model. Indians can learn but ultimately be proud that this country will be the sanctuary of the “very many”.

And if that in economic terms mean a few basis points lesser growth, then Indians will have to deal with that.

Sorry, I wish I had the time to write a shorter answer. Its a great question.

Cheers

中国一旦决定，就会执行。印度在未来几十年内，也会一旦决定，立即执行。中国在给国家带来变革时没有牵绊，而印度政府的投资办公室必须跟所有的利益相关方斡旋，说服他们，因此进程很慢。没有对错之分，但每个国家都是独一无二的。

这似乎是一个痛苦而缓慢的过程，但共识的精神已深深印在其中。如果印度采取行动，就有希望解决所有重大问题，包括人全、环境、劳动法等。如果没有这些措施，印度就不会是现在的印度。在一个繁荣的印度，高韦里河和首都同样神圣。

这种充满感情的语言是一种世界上其他国家都能理解的语言，并不是真正害怕的语言。

我从未像今天这样对印度如此乐观。尽管她有很多明显的缺点，但她不会仅仅因为这意味着更高的成长速度(我并不是说这是件好事)就掩饰和展现一个不同的自己。

很明显，印度就是印度，你们就是你们。

事实就是这样。

因此，印度人不必紧盯中国模式。印度人可以学习，但最终会为这个国家将成为“很多人”的避难所而感到骄傲。

如果从经济角度来看，这意味着增长放缓几个基点，那么印度人将不得不应对。

对不起，我希望我有时间写一个更为简短的答案。这是个好问题。

干杯

 

Arun Balaji, former Intern at Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre (2016)

Technically we are behind China in a lot of things.

Military Strength. Their gadgets and gears are really cool. China has a vast army. Most her equipments are usually indigenously designed. While India is mainly depending on her allies for those fancy stuffs and our ‘Made In India’ products surely can’t compete with the Chinese weaponry.

Technological Advancements. Her technical might is remarkable. It can be proved by their recent advancement in space research too. Ohh!! don’t forget their supercomputers and bullet trains. So far they are the best. They remain unrivaled in this field. India is showing a promising growth in these fields but not as much as that of the Chinese.

Economics & Politics. Economically thy have achieved an excellent feat. From a failed agrarian state to second largest economy in the world. Now they are the production hub for the entire world. Almost everything we use in our day to day life has the tag ‘Made in China’. This has been achieved only through excellent reforms and a really strong and mighty leadership(Started with Mao). The Chinese ideology and their single party system made this possible. After Independence, India we was struggling to understand where the Nation was moving and the multi-party system hindered the growth.

技术方面而言，我们在很多方面都落后于中国。

军事力量。他们的小玩意和机器设备真的很酷。中国有一支庞大的军队。大多数装备通常是国内设计的。而印度主要依靠盟友来生产这些高级装备，我们的“印度制造”产品肯定无法与中国的武器竞争。

技术进步。中国的技术力量是非凡的。这一点也可以从他们最近在太空研究方面的进展得到印证。哦! !别忘了他们的超级计算机和高铁列车。到目前为止，他们都是最好的。他们在这个领域仍然是无可匹敌的。印度在这些领域正显示出良好的增长前景，但增速不及中国。

经济和政治。他们在经济上取得了卓越的成就。从一个失败的农业国家成为世界第二大经济体。现在他们是全世界的制造中心。我们日常生活中使用的几乎所有东西都贴有“中国制造”的标签。只有出色的改革和真正强大的领导才能实现这个成就。中国的意识形态和一党制使这成为可能。印度独立后，还没弄清楚发展的方向，多党制度阻碍了经济的增长。

Aggression. The Chinese are really aggressive and rapidly expanding. Whole of Ti-t, islands in the South China Sea and much more. They are also working to occupy Arunachal Pradesh. Even though India has the might to stand up against the Chinese aggression along the borders she has always tried to solve all the disputes through talks. India must become a bit aggressive too.

Ability to find foreign bases. The Chinese are the best at this. They are acting cleverly by approaching every country around India with an offer they cant refuse. Pakistan and Sri Lanka are the best examples. Both have been promised massive infrastructure projects in return for the access to their lands to build ports(at points of strategic importance). India too has some active foreign bases in countries like Madagascar, Mozambique,Oman Seychelles, Nepal and Bhutan. But we need access to Central Asia and strategic points like the Malacca Strait, Vietnam and Burma(I don’t think we have much influence over these regions although we are growing in close relationship with Vietnam).

Foes. We may be behind China in almost all possible fields taken into consideration. But time changes and anything may happen over a period of time. The Chinese conflicts with Japan and Vietnam and tensions in the South China Sea between China and USA must also be considered. China might get into deep trouble when it mounts any offensive move in the Pacific and must be ready to face the USA. But for India its just China and Pakistan. China might be a serious threat who needs to be dealt with caution. A bit of help from her allies would be helpful. Pakistan is just an unstable state trying to prove something and can be easily dealt with. This gives a small advantage to India - ‘Less enemies to deal with.’

We might be behind China for now but we may seize their position in the near future

侵略。中国人真的很好斗，迅速在扩张。南海诸岛等等。他们还试图占领“阿邦”。尽管印度有能力对抗中国在边境的侵略，但她一直试图通过谈判解决所有争端。印度也必须强势一点。

寻找国外基地的能力。中国人在这方面是最棒的。他们很聪明，向印度周边的每个国家提一个他们无法拒绝的提议。巴基斯坦和斯里兰卡就是最好的例子。这两个国家都得到了中国进行大规模的基础设施项目的承诺，以换取获得使用土地建设港口的权利(在具有战略重要性的地点)。印度在马达加斯加、莫桑比克、阿曼塞舌尔、尼泊尔和不丹等国也有一些外国基地。但我们得进入中亚和马六甲海峡、越南和缅甸等战略要地(尽管我们与越南的关系日益密切，但我认为我们对这些地区的影响力并不大)。

敌人。我们可能在几乎所有可能的领域都落后于中国。但是时间会改变这一切，任何事情都可能在一段时间内发生。中国与日本、越南的冲突以及中美在南海的紧张关系也得加以考虑。当中国在太平洋地区活动时，它可能会陷入深深的麻烦，必须做好应对美国的准备。但对印度来说，只需要戒备中国和巴基斯坦。中国可能是一个严重的威胁，需要谨慎对待。从她的盟友那里得到一点帮助有好处。巴基斯坦只是一个不稳定的国家，试图证明自己，很容易处理。这给印度带来了一个小小的优势——“需要对付的敌人比较少”。

我们可能暂时落后于中国，但在不久的将来，我们可能会赶超他们。

 

K Gopinath, Newspaper guy. Sceptic,

We're leagues behind China in formulating and executing policies. Rather in decding what needs to be done and then getting it done.

我们在制定和执行政策方面落后于中国。我们不是决定好做什么，就把它做好。

 

Pankaj Shah, studied at Jadavpur University - Department of Chemical Engineering

We have absolutely 3rd class bureaucracy which is also very corrupt.They keep us embroiled in endless procedures which is their way of making money.so if you want to put up a plant or do anything you may find it time consuming to deal with departments.Government has also resigned to this reality it can not solve.

China on the other hand ensures that govt policy is carried on by everybody.Punishments are too high for not complying. It is a lot easier to put up plant in china than India.

Apart from this,chinese people are very hard working,intelligent.Working for 12–16 hours is common with china labour.These devotion helps them in devising methods for improvement in production.No wonder they are producing everything in quantity to meet world demand whereas we are busy in meeting Indian denands only

我们的官僚机构绝对是三流的，非常腐败的。他们让我们卷入无休止的程序中，这就是他们的生财之道。所以如果你想建个工厂或做任何事情，你会发现需要花时间跟各个部门周旋。政府也接受了它束手无策的现实。

另一方面，中国确保每个人都执行政府的政策。在中国建厂比在印度容易得多。

除此之外，中国人工作很努力，很聪明。中国工人每天工作12-16小时是很常见的。这种奉献精神让他们能够设计改进生产的方法。他们生产所有的东西都是为了满足世界需求，而我们却只忙着满足印度人的需求，这也就不足为奇了。

 

Chengliang Pan

Chinese like to listen and learn something, India like to talk about something especially that will, should, going to happen

中国人喜欢倾听和学习，印度人喜欢夸夸其谈，尤其是那些将要，应该，快要发生的事情。

 

Raul Sharma

Dictatorships or say a strong political will that can implement legislation which are beneficial to india rather than some section of society.The political system of india is very complex. It has many party system as a result decision making process is so slow which hampers the growth of india.

强大的政治意愿，能够执行对印度有利，而不是对社会的某个部分有利的法案。印度的政治制度非常复杂，有很多政党，因此决策过程非常缓慢，阻碍了印度的发展。

 

Drishtant Chakraberty

1) India lacks firepower in terms of China. (In case of military)

2) India lacks strict governance like China has

e.g. The population control scheme of China .... Which helps China do much better and in turn achieve much more.

1)与中国相比，印度缺乏战斗力。(军事)

2)印度缺乏像中国那样严格的管理

如，中国的人口控制计划…这有助于中国表现得更好，进而取得更大的成就。

 

Narmada Poojari, Pursuing research in Philosophy.

India going by the current happenings lacks humanity first and foremost. The kinds of barbaric acts committed on its own citizens makes us want to hang our heads in shame forget about competing with China that is secondary.

从目前的情况来看，印度首先缺乏人道主义。印度对本国公民犯下的野蛮行径让我们羞愧得低下了头，别管与中国竞争的事了，那是次要的。

 

Anonymous

India lacks space , china has wast geographical area .

印度缺乏空间，中国拥有广袤的地理面积。

 

bhishek Gupta, Gadget enthusiast

TECHNOLOGY………………………….

China is far away from india in terms of technology they very advanced.

-One more thing

POPULATION

技术...............................

中国在技术上领先印度很多，他们非常先进。

还有一点

那就是人口

 

Vaibhav

I will give you laconic answer

Here people don't want to work

China

work is worship for them

我来简短地回答一下你的问题

印度人人不想工作

中国呢

对他们来说，工作就是图腾

 

Mohit Mangal, studied at Bachelor of Technology Degrees

The first and foremost thing in which India is lagging is negligence over certain issues by the people of the country.It always procrastinate its work over other people.Questions are everywhere but nobody come with the solution & the way of implementation.

印度落后的首要原因是该国人民在某些问题上的疏忽。印度人在工作上总是拖延别人。问题无处不在，但没有人提出解决方案&实现方法。

 

Viv

Dedication towards work

对工作的热忱

 

Kavita Singh

Technology

科技

 

Tanuj Biswal

India has only 5 AWACS( airborne warnings and control system) which are used to detect any kind of hostile situation within a range of 400 kms . But China has 20 AWACS and even Pakistan has 8 .... time to import some or build some Optimus prime for India

印度只有5架预警机(机载预警和控制系统)，要探测400公里范围内的任何敌方情况。而中国有20架预警机，甚至巴基斯坦也有8架……是时候为印度进口或建造一些擎天柱了

 

Nivesh Ram

China develops because of its government and India despite it !!

We lack one big thing ofcourse: Direction and taking responsibility, Both by the govt and by the citizens !!!

中国因为政府才得以发展，而印度憎恨政府!!

当然了，我们缺少一个很重要的东西：政府和公民的方向和责任感!!