(译者:cnbsmt)Moment Miami's 950-ton 'Instant Bridge' collapsed during 'stress testing' killing at leas
(译者:cnbsmt)
Moment Miami's 950-ton 'Instant Bridge' collapsed during 'stress testing' killing at least four and leaving rescuers scrambling to save survivors trapped under walkway designed to last 100 YEARS
还处于“压力测试”期间的迈阿密950吨的“即时桥”垮塌瞬间,造成至少4人死亡,救援人员紧急拯救被困于人行道的幸存者,该桥原本设计可用100年
Pedestrian bridge linking Florida International University campus with Sweetwater collapsed on Thursday
US Senator Bill Nelson told a Miami TV station that between six and 10 people were killed
Ten people were rushed to hospital, two in critical condition suffering from a cardiac arrest and a brain injury
Rescuers, with dogs, worked to find survivors and free the eight vehicles trapped in the bridge wreckage
The 950-ton bridge was installed last Saturday and had not yet been open to pedestrian traffic
FIU touted the bridge's construction as a huge success since it was installed in just six hours on Saturday
The bridge wasn't due to be open to foot traffic until early 2019, according to the university
FIU students had long demanded a bridge because it was too dangerous to cross the 7-lane Tamiami Trail
An estimated 4,000 FIU students live in Sweetwater, a city near Miami which is part of Dade County
Construction of the bridge cost $14million, which was paid for by the federal government
FIGG and Munilla Construction, the two companies that collaborated on the bridge, expressed sorrow
Both companies have been accused in years past of shoddy construction practices星期四,连接佛罗里达国际大学和斯威特沃特的行人天桥坍塌。
美国参议员比尔•尼尔森告诉迈阿密电视台,6到10人死亡。
10人被紧急送往医院,其中2人因心脏骤停和脑损伤而处于危急状态。
救援人员和狗一起努力寻找幸存者,解救被困在桥梁残骸中的8辆汽车。
这座950吨的桥于上周六装好,目前还没有对行人交通开放。
佛罗里达国际大学称这座桥的建设取得了巨大的成功,因为它是在周六的6个小时内安装的。根据该大学的说法,这座桥不会在2019年初之前开放通行。
佛罗里达国际大学的学生们一直都在要求一座桥,因为穿越7车道的Tamiami Trail太危险了。
据估计,有4000名佛罗里达国际大学学生住在迈阿密附近的斯威特沃特,这是戴德县的一部分。
这座桥造价1400万美元,由联邦政服支付。
FIGG和Munilla Construction,这两家在桥上合作的公司,表达了他们的悲痛之情。
两家公司在过去几年都被指控低劣的建筑施工。The innovative 'instant bridge' which was installed in just six hours on Saturday, was being tightened and stress tested when it collapsed on Thursday, killing up to ten people and leaving another ten injured.
在周六6个小时内安装的创新的“即时桥”,在周四倒塌时正在收紧和压力测试,导致10人死亡,另有10人受伤。
Engineers had been working to tighten the cables suspending the bridge, which had loosened since it was installed five days earlier, when the 950-ton concrete structure fell onto the busy seven lane highway below on Thursday.
工程师们一直在努力加强该桥的吊索,其自5天前这座桥被安装后就已经松动了,周四这座950吨重的混凝土建筑在7车道公路上坍塌。
Miami-Dade Mayor Carlos Gimenez said that crews were also conducting a stress test on the bridge, which involved two Miami-Dade Fire Rescue workers on the bridge, when it collapsed. Investigators will probe whether they made a mistake.
迈阿密-戴德县县长卡洛斯•希门尼斯说,救援人员还在桥上进行了压力测试,大桥坍塌时,桥上有两名迈阿密戴德消防人员。调查人员将调查他们是否犯了错误。
The pedestrian bridge, designed to last more than 100 years to allow students at Florida International University to safely cross the roadway between campus and a popular residential area, was built using a method known as 'accelerated bridge construction' - which was supposed to allow the 175-foot span structure to be installed within a matter of hours.
该人行天桥,原本设计可使用超过100年,使佛罗里达国际大学的学生能够安全地穿过校园和一个热闹的住宅区之间的道路,使用了一种称为“快速桥梁施工”的方法——它应该可以在几个小时内安装175英尺的跨度结构。
The technique means that the structure can be assembled elsewhere then moved into place, to create the least amount of disruption on the highway. Cables running through the bridge slab that are then tightened to strengthen the structure and stress tests are completed before the whole bridge is moved into place.
这种技术意味着结构可以在其他地方组装,然后移动到适当的位置,从而在公路上造成最小的损坏。在整个桥被移动到位之前,通过桥面板上的吊索进行加固,以加强结构和压力测试。
However, when FIU bridge collapsed, the tower designed to hold the cables attached to the bridge in place, had not been installed.
然而,当佛罗里达国际大学的桥倒塌时,被设计用来固定连接桥上吊缆的塔已经就绪,但还没有安装。
FIU President Mark B. Rosenberg said: 'I know the tests occurred today and, I know, I believe that they did not prove to lead anyone to the conclusion that we would have this kind of a result.'
佛罗里达国际大学校长马克•b•罗森博格说:“我知道这些测试是在今天进行的还有…我知道…我相信他们没有证明出任何会导致今天我们这种结果的结论。”
Ralph Verrastro, told the Miami Herald that if the engineers were adjusting the bridge's cables, those cables shouldn't have been attached to the bridge's structural integrity.
拉尔夫•韦拉斯特罗告诉“迈阿密先驱报”,如果工程师们在调整桥梁的吊索,这些吊索就不应该连接到桥梁的结构完整性上。
'Once you're done tensioning those cables, you're done,' he said, adding that over-tightened cables, could have caused the bridge to elevate in what is referred to as 'camber.'
他说,一旦你把这些电缆拉紧,你就完成了。他还说,如果把电缆拉得太紧,可能会导致大桥在被称为“拱度”(camber)的地方升高。
While it's not yet clear what happened in this case, the BP Deepwater Horizon, in Australia, collapsed in the 1970s after its steel buckled while they were attempting to tweak its camber.
虽然目前尚不清楚这一事件发生的原因,但在澳大利亚,英国石油公司的深水地平线(BP Deepwater Horizon)在上世纪70年代因钢结构出现变形而坍塌,当时他们正试图调整其拱度。
Timelapse video shows new pedestrian bridge being installed in just SIX HOURS in Miami before collapsing and killing four
延时视频显示,在迈阿密仅仅6个小时内就安装了新的人行天桥,然后倒塌,造成4人死亡。
Timelapse videos of the construction and installation of the new pedestrian bridge which collapsed atFlorida International University on Thursday reveals its quick - and now controversial - construction method.
周四,位于佛罗里达国际大学的新行人天桥的施工和安装的延时视频显示了其快速而又有争议的施工方法。
The bridge was installed less than a week ago after months of construction - using a method called Accelerated Bridge Construction, or instant bridge, according to a press release sent out by the University.
根据大学发布的一份新闻稿,这座桥是在几个月前建造的--使用了一种叫做“快速桥梁施工”的方法,也就是“即时桥”,不到一周前就安装好了。
Instant bridge is a method meant to reduce risk to construction workers and pedestrians and to prevent traffic buildup - but is now being called into question after Thursdays incident, which killed four people and injured many more.
“即时桥”是一种降低建筑工人和行人的风险,并防止交通堵塞的方法,但在周四发生的事故后,这一方法被质疑,该事件导致4人死亡,多人受伤。
The first timelapse shoes the final stages of the construction process into its instillation. It begins showing the bridge being built as it will stand but on the side of the highway. It is then rolled onto the highway and installed into the ground.
第一段视频显示了建造过程进入灌注过程的最后阶段。它开始显示这座桥正在建造,矗立在公路的一侧。然后它被运到公路上并安装在地面上。
The second video specifically shows the six-hour installation process, which started before dawn and saw the bridge, which was on rolling platforms, being wheeled into place.
第二段视频专门展示了6个小时的安装过程,它是在黎明前开始的,可以看到在滚动平台上的桥梁被推到了位置上。
Accelerated bridge Construction involves prefabricated elements meant to cut installation time, cost and environmental impact. It has also been hailed as 'a paradigm shift in the project planning and procurement approach' by the Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration.
The 174-foot long, 950-ton bridge was built over the course of several months on the side of the busy seven-lane 8th Street highway.
At a point in the construction period it was picked up and put onto its position over the roadway. That part of the construction process took a mere six hours to complete.
Instant Bridge has been hailed as a feat of engineering safety and is said to reduce risk to workers, pedestrians and drivers and have minimal to no impact on traffic flow.快速桥梁施工包括预制构件,以减少安装时间、成本和环境影响。它还被美国交通部联邦公路管理局誉为“项目规划和采购方式的模范转变”。
这条长达174英尺、全长950吨的大桥是在繁忙的七车道第八公路旁的几个月里建成的。
在工期的某一时刻,它被抬起并放到了道路上的位置。建造过程的那一部分只用了六个小时就完成了。
即时桥被誉为工程安全的壮举,据说可以降低工人、行人和司机的风险,而且对交通流量没有任何影响。英国网友评论
noooontm, indy, United States, 4 hours ago
why was cars allowed to go under it when there was a stress test going on??? it like testing a new plane for the first time with a full load of passengers为什么在进行压力测试时,汽车允许经过它下面?这就像第一次测试一架新飞机却满载乘客。
frankwhite8536, cherry hill, United States, 1 hour ago
So it fails under a simple test. Great engineering.所以它在一个简单的测试中失败了。伟大的工程。
CGP, Pittsburgh, United States, 15 minutes ago
They were in such a hurry to get it erected, yet is wasn't going to open to the public until 2019? WTH did they need to do for a year,?他们如此匆忙地把它竖起来,然而到2019年才会向公众开放?他们需要做一年的工作吗?
Mike Oxsbig, Greenock, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
This bridge was still in testing which is why it wasn¿t open to the public. So the traffic both vehicular and pedestrian should not have been allow underneath.这座桥仍在测试中,这就是为什么它不向公众开放的原因。所以车辆和行人都不应该被允许在下面。
RussianTrollFactory, St Petersberg, Russia, 3 hours ago
I agree ! the stress test should be done with street closed!and a middle pillar was obviously needed我同意!压力测试应该在街道关闭的情况下完成!显然,需要一个中间支柱。
andyparsonsga, Gainesville, United States, 3 hours ago
@ RussianTrollFactory. This type of engineered structure has been used many, many times throughout the world in different environments without any trouble. The only other incidence of this happening was in Australia years ago and again the structure gave way during the support cable adjustment.@ RussianTrollFactory 这种类型的工程建筑已经在世界各地使用了许多次,在不同的环境中没有任何问题。唯一发生这种类似情况的是几年前的澳大利亚,在支撑缆绳调整过程中,结构再次发生了改变。
Emma , Amersham, United Kingdom, 2 hours ago
Difference is, the support cables haven't even been installed on this bridge yet.不同之处在于,支撑缆绳甚至还没有安装在这座桥上。
gemini2652, San Diego, United States, 2 hours ago
That's like saying you should shut down the whole freeway while you're building a new overpass.这就好比说你在建造一座新的立交桥时应该关闭整个高速公路。
munkehpunch, hartlepool, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
so it was going through a stress test yet cars where allowed to drive under it ?所以,它正在经受压力测试,但允许汽车在它下面行驶?
Ely84, Aurora , United States, 4 hours ago
This is what happens when you rush a job这就是当你仓促工作时会发生的事情。
FightGlobalism, New York, United States, 4 hours ago
This is what happens when people in charge decide to build "INSTA" Bridges! Shoddy Construction all way around! All to save a buck! What happened to the good old days were bridges were built & would at least last 100 years!! Everything built now days is cheap & shoddy! From cars, to homes & now bridges!!这就是当负责人决定建造“INSTA”桥梁时会发生的事情!都是豆腐渣工程!就为了省一点钱!过去的美好时光中建造的桥梁,至少能持续100年!! 现在所有的东西都是便宜、劣质的!从汽车,到房子,再到现在的桥梁!!
Lu Lu Bell Jingles, Seminole, United States, 3 hours ago
and cut corners还偷工减料
jap828, Daytona Beach, United States, 5 hours ago
They hastily removed the support underneath the bridge in order to keep SW 8th Street open, and now its closed with a tragic loss of life and 14 million dollars of a government grant wasted. The two support vehicles that moved that bridge into place, should have remained until the cables were tightened and the load bearing tests were conducted.他们仓促地拆除了桥下的支撑物,以保持第8号公路的开放,现在它的悲剧的关闭了,损失了生命和1400万美元的政服拨款。将桥移到位的两辆支撑车应该一直保持到缆绳被拉紧并完成承重试验为止。
Ronni Jones, Melbourne, Australia, 4 hours ago
"Investigators will probe whether they made a mistake", says the article. Ummm - I think we can save everyone the suspense now can't we.这篇文章里说,“调查人员将调查他们是否犯了错误。”嗯……我想我们现在可以为大家省下悬念,不是吗?
memyselfandI, Paris, United States, 3 hours ago
Wow... they might as file for bankruptcy right now. The level of negligence and shoddy work is mind boggling.. testing the bridge while cars are allowed to drive under it? THese victims need answers... terribly sad and never should have happened!哇……他们现在可能会申请破产。玩忽职守和敷衍了事的程度令人难以置信。桥梁正在测试的时候允许汽车在低下行驶?这些受害者需要答案……非常伤心,这根本不该发生!
hello its me, london, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
Someone should go to jail for this.应该有人为此坐牢。
TheKingJAK, Washington-DC-USA, United States, 4 hours ago
Rushed and shoddy construction, combined with a stress test conducted over motorists, what could possibly go wrong?仓促的豆腐渣工程,再加上压力测试期间让司机通过,还能再多出点错吗。
loveSirmione, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
Load testing a new bridge with the general public passing underneath it, no responsible engineer would ever find that acceptable.让普通大众通过正在接受负载测试的新桥梁,没有任何负责任的工程师会认为这可以接受。
Ronny_Raygun, Illinois, United States, 37 minutes ago
I'll be any amount of money you want that all of the engineers were against allowing traffic under the bridge before it was completed.你想要多少钱我都跟你堵,所有的工程师都反对在桥建成之前允许车辆通过。
k962, Middletown, 1 hour ago
Why would you "stress test" in the middle of the day with traffic flowing?为什么要在中午允许通行的时候进行“压力测试”?
Somebody, Somewhere not, Tuvalu, 2 hours ago
Because you have no regard for life.因为不尊重生命
Ncar007, Miami, United States, 1 hour ago
Totally agree. I guess they just never thought this would happen完全同意。我猜他们从没想过会发生这样的事。
Mike A Harris, Clacton-on-Sea, United Kingdom, 4 hours ago
Was this bridge the.first of its kind to be installed? If so, why allow cars to pass underneath whilst testing? If not, then it has a basic design flaw, which needs immediate investigation. Either way, someone should be held to blame and criminal charges brought for murder.这种类型的桥是第一次安装吗?如果是,为什么允许汽车在测试时通过下面呢?如果不是,那么它就有基本的设计缺陷,需要立即进行调查。无论哪种,都应该追究某人的责任,并以谋杀罪起诉。
Foriesg, Greensboro, United States, 5 hours ago
Why would they let cars underneath while testing? That was dumb为什么在测试时他们会让汽车在下面?真是愚蠢
pauly, Chesterfield, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
Wouldn't it have been better to test the bride was safe before allowing traffic to drive underneath it, Isn't that common sense?在允许车流在它下面行驶之前,先测试桥梁是否安全不是更好吗? 这不是常识吗?
andyparsonsga, Gainesville, United States, 2 hours ago
My understanding is that there are multiple inspections by authorities throughout the relevant phases of the construction process prior to installation. Multiple inspections during the movement of the structure and multiple inspections once it is in place. I also understand that it uses a system of cables to support the structure and those can only be installed once the structure is in place. The cables were apparently being adjusted and one of the cable towers still had to be installed when it collapsed.我的理解是,在安装之前,在施工过程的相关阶段,当局会进行多次检查。在建造过程中多次检查,一旦就绪了也要多次检查。我也明白,它使用一套缆绳系统来支撑结构,只有在建筑就绪后才能安装。缆绳显然正在调整,其中一个缆绳塔在倒塌时仍需安装。
Cuffs357, Charlotte, United States, 1 hour ago
IMHO it was negligent to allow STRESS TESTS to be conducted without blocking or rerouting traffic while the tests were conducted.恕我直言,在压力测试期间没有阻断街道或让车辆绕行是疏忽的。
Beantown02178, Houston, United States, 58 minutes ago
Why in the world was traffic allowed under the bridge while they were tightening the cables. Such a horrible and completely avoidable tragedy.为什么当他们收紧缆绳的时候会允许车辆从桥下经过。这是一个可怕的悲剧,完全可以避免。
Houstondad, Houston, United States, 38 minutes ago
The person who decided to restore traffic flow while it was being tested is as culpable as the engineers and construction company. I don't know what the law is, but someone needs to go to jail. Not just civil judgements against these two companies.在测试过程中决定恢复交通流的人与工程师和建筑公司一样有责任。我不知道法律是什么,但总得有人去坐牢。不只是对这两家公司的民事判决。
Carl Hansen, Hervey Bay, Australia, 3 hours ago
From a engineering point of view, what a terrible design.从工程的角度来看,这是一个多么糟糕的设计啊。
Emma , Amersham, United Kingdom, 2 hours ago
Just criminal to not only build a structurally insecure bridge, but to do so over traffic lights, not divert traffic AND stress test it while innocent people are in their cars below?! The people who did this must be charged.这是犯罪,不仅建造一座结构不安全的桥梁,还有在交通灯上的问题,没有分流交通,并且当无辜的人开车在下面经过时进行压力测试?做这件事的人必须受到指控。
wayne1955, baton rouge, United States, 4 hours ago
Uh the BP DEEPWATER HORIZON was a deep water OIL PLATFORM, in the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of the State of Louisiana, United States of America! How the writer connected THAT to a bridge collapse, in AUSTRALIA.呃,英国石油公司的深水地平线是一个深海石油平台,在墨西哥湾,远离美国路易斯安那州的海岸,作者是如何将其与桥梁倒塌联系在一起的?还说在澳大利亚?
jxgrab, Bethlehem, United States, 3 hours ago
It seems like common sense was subverted by risk, just so traffic wasn't disrupted.似乎常识被风险颠覆了,所以没有阻断交通。
dmck, ulm, Germany, 3 hours ago
Traffic sure is disrupted now. But RIP to those lost.现在交通确实阻断了。但是愿那些死去的人安息。
Huey O, Philadelphia, United States, 39 minutes ago
I did some research on FIGG Bridge Group. Their slogan is "Creating Bridges as Art" and they've had bridges collapse before. On this bridge, they used a new experimental type of "self cleaning" concrete instead of steel so that it would look pretty. Seems like they put art ahead of engineering.我对FIGG桥梁集团做了一些研究。他们的口号是“把建桥当做艺术”,并且他们的桥梁曾经坍塌过。在这座桥上,他们使用了一种新型的“自我清洁”混凝土,而不是钢,这样看起来很漂亮。似乎他们把艺术放在了工程学前面。
Daisy, Ste-Adele, Canada, 2 hours ago
Whose bright idea was it to do a stress test of a bridge over moving traffic ?是谁带来的主意当车辆通行时在桥上做压力测试?
Brian Fleener, Martinsville, United States, 2 hours ago
At least most of those killed probably didn't see it coming.至少大多数死者可能没有看到桥砸下来。
NYCRealist, New York, United States, 2 hours ago
So it's an engineering error. In the rush to claim it was put up in six hours so more contracts could be pursued they didn't bother to say it wasn't complete. The road should never have been open when they were stress testing it. Safety first. Multiple agencies, from the Miami Department of Transportation, to the School, to the manufacturer are liable. The millions of dollars that they are about to pay out to the victims family won't even touch the amount they should be paying out for their incompetence.所以这是一个工程错误。在仓促中声称要在6个小时内完成这项工作的时候,他们可能会继续签订更多的合同,但他们并没有说这桥是未完成的。当他们进行压力测试时,这条路不应该开放。安全第一。从迈阿密运输部、到学校、到制造商,多个机构都有责任。他们向受害者家庭支付的数百万美元甚至无法触及因他们无能而造成的代价。
marklowry, Salisbury, United Kingdom, 9 hours ago
Sorry just dozed off. What have i missed, oh nothing, just the American bridge collapse. Right back to sleep.对不起,我刚才打瞌睡了。我错过了什么,哦什么也没错过,只是一座美国桥塌了。我这就回去睡。
Snarklee, New York, United States, 46 minutes ago
I heard that a lot of fat girls go to that college. Now you know.我听说很多胖女孩都上那所大学。现在你知道了。
Robert, Manchester, 28 minutes ago
Made in the USA. They should have got the Cubans to build if for them, they are only a few miles away and they have built some magnificent bridges across deep gorges and river valleys.美国制造。他们应该让古巴人为他们建造,他们就在几英里之外,他们建造了一些横跨深谷和河谷的宏伟桥梁。
OutsideTheVillage, Ipswich, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
I know this is a sad event but? How are those that died going to be told? 'The public deserves to know and the families deserve to know and the people who lost their lives deserve to know what went wrong.我知道这是件悲伤的事,但是?这种事该怎么对死去的人解释?公众应该知道、这些家庭应该知道、那些失去生命的人应该知道是哪里出了问题。
Supervixen, Detroit, United States, 4 hours ago
This is why we need Mexicans这就是为什么我们需要墨西哥人。
I tell you what, Nuclear Sub, Malawi, 5 hours ago
That's America ! LOL这就是美国!哈哈
London., England, United Kingdom, 8 hours ago
Ban overweight ppl from bridges. Asap禁止超重的人上桥。尽快
Matrix666, London, United Kingdom, 4 hours ago
American steel.....美国钢铁.....
Sbadge, Bloomdale, United States, 5 hours ago
Hey, the liberals keep saying 'build bridges, not walls', well, .........here's a 'bridge'.嘿,自由主义者一直在说:“建造桥梁,不要建墙”,呃……现在有座“桥”了。
MiaMalkova, Earth, United Kingdom, 5 hours ago
This is what happens when you strip back regulations.这就是当你取消规章制度的时候会发生的事情。
bayside1022, springfield, United States, 6 hours ago
They found a connection of this company to Trump and Manafort, you remember Manafort,on trial for treason..Russian spy..This company has had problems with their bridges falling down before. I want the truth.他们发现这家公司与特朗普和马纳福特有关联,你们记得马纳福特吧,因叛国罪受审…俄罗斯间谍…这家公司以前有过桥梁倒塌的问题。我想要真相。
JohnFrum, UK, United Kingdom, 1 hour ago
And Trump is determined to abolish regulations.而特朗普决心废除这些规定。
mdmcintyre, Belfast, United Kingdom, 6 hours ago
Turns out that america has some catching up to do.. Bridges have been built for thousands of years and still stand, America cant even build bridges. Likely designed by someone who got the job due to a quota and feelings rather than ability... And why was the road still open???事实证明,美国需要迎头赶上…桥梁已经建了数千多年了,至今仍然屹立不倒,而美国连桥都造不好。可能设计的人之所以得到工作是因为指标和感情,而不是能力…并且为什么道路仍然能通行???
USA numero UNO, AMERICA, United States, 10 hours ago
I wonder if there is any type of car that has a strong enough designed structured reinforced roof to sustain an accident like this. Perhaps a Mercedes SUV or maybe a Volvo, or what about a Beetle with its dome shaped roof.我想知道是否有任何类型的汽车有足够强的设计结构来加固车顶来避免这样的事故。也许是一辆奔驰SUV,或者是一辆沃尔沃,或者是一辆圆顶形车顶的甲壳虫。
RetroGirl, Anywhere, Antarctica, 10 hours ago
This is what happens when you only employ dreamers to do construction work这就是当你只雇了梦想家来做建筑工作的时候会发生的事情。
The Bluddy American, London, United Kingdom, 3 hours ago
Imagine turning the radio and bam...you are dead.想象一下,当你打开收音机然后轰的一声…你死了。
Barry Trainwreck, Arizona, United States, 2 hours ago
I hope they don't have any steel from China in the bridge construction. It is inferior to U.S. steel. And cheaper.我希望他们在这座桥梁建筑中没有使用任何来自中国的钢材。它们比美国钢材劣质,也更廉价。
Betwixt Sides, Educated South, United States, 2 hours ago
There was NO steel from anywhere in that construction. That's why it failed.在这座建筑中根本没有使用钢材。这就是为什么它会塌。
Jimmykb, Oberursel, Germany, 2 hours ago
And China built these types of Bridges for years and they are good at it.中国建造这种桥梁已经很多年了,他们很擅长。
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