quora: 中国和印度在历史上做过朋友吗?

Have China and India ever been friends during any point in history?

中国和印度在历史上做过朋友吗?

quora评论翻译：

原创翻译：三泰虎 http://www.santaihu.com/45629.html 译者：Jessica.Wu

外文：https://www.quora.com/Have-China-and-India-ever-been-friends-during-any-point-in-history

Kuntal Sarma, The Purpose of History is a better world

昆塔尔.萨玛, 历史的目的是创造一个更美好的世界

Even though Indian and the Chinese civilizations existed alongside for thousands of years, it had a very little to do with each other. Reason being the existence of the Himalayan range, which forms a natural border, as seen in the satellite image.

尽管印度和中国的文明已经存在了几千年，但它们之间的接触却很少。原因在于喜马拉雅山脉的存在，它形成了一个自然的边界，就像卫星图像中看到的那样。

The cultural and linguistic influence was limited too. Some examples would be, ancient India used to import sugar from China, that is why the Hindi word for sugar is ‘Chini’. An alternate word for Sugar is ‘Shakkar’, as used by some north Indians. It is derived from Persian word ‘Shekar’ which means sugar.

文化和语言的影响也是有限的。有一些例子，比如，古印度曾从中国进口糖，这就是为什么印度语中糖的单词是“Chini”。另一个关于糖的词是“Shakkar”，这是一些北印度人使用的。它源自波斯语单词“Shekar”，意思是糖。

On the other hand, Buddhism which originated in India was accepted by the Chinese more. Chinese Buddhist pilgrims used to visit Bodh Gaya (Birth place of Gautama Buddha) and also to learn different forms of meditation techniques in Nalanda (ancient Indian university).

另一方面，起源于印度的佛教更为被中国人所接受。中国的佛教朝圣者曾到过菩提伽耶(释迦牟尼佛的出生地)，也在那烂陀寺(古印度大学)学习不同形式的冥想技巧。

Trade relations were narrow. The main export of China was Silk for which there was a little demand in India because India had its own thriving textile industry. India exported spices, which were not popular in China.

贸易关系也很狭隘。中国的主要出口是丝绸，而印度对丝绸的需求很小，因为印度有自己蓬勃发展的纺织业。此外，印度出口的香料在中国也并不受欢迎。

British India was hostile to China. As Great Britain allied with the French fought two wars with China (Opium war 1 & 2) during 19th century in which they occupied Hong Kong and south Kowloon Peninsula.

英属印度对中国怀有敌意。因为与法国结盟，英国在19世纪和中国打了两场战争(两次鸦片战争)，他们占领了香港和南九龙半岛。

During WWII, even though British India and the Chinese were on the same side against imperial Japan, a faction of Indian nationalists sided with Japan with the hope of overthrowing the British with a little help from the Japanese. I am talking about Subhash Ch Bose, who also went to Germany to persuade Hitler to help his cause.

二战期间，尽管英属印度和中国在对抗大日本帝国的问题上立场一致，但印度民族主义者的一个派别却站在了日本那边，希望在日本的帮助下推翻英国。我所说的是苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯（印度激进独立运动家，也是自由印度临时政服的领导人，以及印度国民军的最高指挥官，印度国大党领导人），他也曾去德国劝说希特勒帮助他的事业。

A few years after India got independence, the China fall under the communists in 1950. After which, there was a span of 7–8 years when India and China had good relations as both had anti western sentiments.

在印度独立几年后，中国自1950年起由共产党统治。之后的7-8年间，中印两国关系良好，都有反西方情绪。

Then, 1962 Indo-China war happened and the animosity prevailed until 1988, when Indian Prime Minister Rajeev Gandhi went to China on a diplomatic visit.

1962年，中印战争爆发，双方的敌意一直持续到1988年印度总理拉杰夫·甘地(Rajeev Gandhi)前往中国进行外交访问。

 

Sunny Lyngdoh, Political Science grad

Sunny Lyngdoh，政治学研究生

Firstly, two nations can never be friends in the true sense of the term, simply because they can never trust each other the way friends do. Yes, they can be allies or partners and have friendly relations.

首先，两个国家永远不可能成为真正意义上的朋友，因为他们永远不能像朋友那样互相信任。是的，虽然他们可以是盟友或伙伴并有友好关系。

Coming to India and China: political, economic and cultural relations have existed between the two regions for over 2000 years (although not as much as one would expect between two neighbours) and in general the atmosphere has been one of mutual interest and cooperation. Even today, despite the China-Pakistan axis, the 1962 war, the border disputes (Arunachal, Aksai Chin and Shaksgam), and the Tibet question, China is India’s largest trading partner.

至于印度和中国的关系：两国在政治、经济和文化方面的关系已经持续了2000多年(尽管两国之间的关系并不像人们所期望的那样)，总体来说，有共同利益和相互合作的氛围。即使是今天，尽管有中巴轴心、1962年之战、边境争端(阿鲁纳恰尔、阿克赛钦和克里青河谷)和西藏问题，中国仍是印度最大的贸易伙伴。

There is not much to say with regard to military cooperation: the only instance that comes to mind is WWII, when the Allied Powers used India as a base in supporting China against Japan.

关于军事合作，没有太多可说的了：我想到的唯一一点是二战，当时同盟国以印度为基地，支持中国对抗日本。

 

Chakra Dhara Dhal, Software Engineer (2017-present)

Chakra Dhara Dhal，软件工程师(2017-至今)

India and China don’t share a real border. Himalayas separate each of them. So, people to people contact never happened.

印度和中国并没有真正的边界，因为喜马拉雅山把它们分开。所以历史上，人与人之间的接触几乎没有发生。

North East of India, which shares a small border and cultural similarities with China, is actually not the real India. We got them from British and still think they are like us.

印度东北部与中国接壤，文化相似，但这里实际上并不是真正意义上的印度，而是我们从英国人手上接管过来的，但仍然认为他们和我们一样。

Some south Indian states had some influence in south East Asia. But, the contact between India and China was never very close. You can find Tamils in Indonesia and Singapore. But unlike ethnic Chinese, they are not so influential or could not act as a bridge.

印度南部一些邦在东南亚有一定的影响力。但是，印度和中国之间的联系从来都不是很密切。你可以在印度尼西亚和新加坡看到泰米尔人的后裔。但与华裔不同的是，他们没有那么大的影响力，也不能起到桥梁的作用。

However, Buddhism started in North India and it spread to China. But, in India Buddhism never became a mainstream religion and many Buddhists disappeared after Islam arrived. You can say there is some similarity in religion.

然而，佛教起源于印度北部，并传到了中国。但在印度，佛教从未成为主流宗教，很多佛教徒在伊斯兰教传入印度后就消失了。你可以说两国的宗教有某些相似之处。

If you look at history of India, India never had any friends. Invaders came from west with a strange religion and never returned back. Middle east got some food from us, central Asia used to be place for our trade.

如果你看看印度的历史，会发现印度从来都没朋友。西方入侵者带着一种奇怪的宗教信仰来到这里，之后再也没有回来。中东地区从我们这里得到一些食物，而中亚曾是我们做贸易的地方。

 

Sayan Dey, Indian | Blogger | Space Lover | Sports | Photography

Sayan Dey，印度人|博主|空间爱好者 | 运动 | 摄影

Obviously, not friends if you are taking that term literally but that we had good relations with China from quite an early age is quite evident.

很明显，如果你从字面上理解朋友这个词，那我们就不是朋友了。但我们从很早的时候就和中国有着良好的关系，这一点也毋庸置疑。

That Buddhism could spread to the greater parts of Asia was due to the acceptance of it by the Chinese, which could only be possible if there was mutual respect and trust between the people of the two nations (or kingdoms), so to speak.

佛教之所以能传播到亚洲大部分地区，是因为中国人接受了佛教。可以说，只有两国人民(或王国)之间相互尊重和信任，佛教才有可能传播。

Also another instance, I can readily recollect at this stage is Bodhdharma, the founder of Shaolin Kung Fu. He was an Indian from the southern part of the land (South India) who went there and taught the Chinese Shaolin. Apart from that, he was alos a Buddhist monk and he is credited with spreading the Chan Buddhism in China.

还有一个例子，就是少林功夫的创始人达摩。他是南印度人，把少林功夫带到了中国。除此之外，他还是一个佛教僧人，被认为是在中国传播禅宗佛教的功臣。

So basically, I can see two examples, one from the northern part and the other from the southern part, influencing the Chinese in a big way and you can definitely make up without good contact between the two civilizations, this really wouldn’t have been possible.

所以基本上，以上两个例子很大程度上影响着中国人。在两个文明之间没有良好接触的情况下，这是完全不可能的。

 

Gabriel Chan, well-read

加布里尔.陈, 博览群书

"India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border"

— Hu Shih, Former Ambassador of (Republic of) China to USA

“印度未派一兵一卒穿越边境就征服和控制了中国文化20个世纪。”

--胡适，前中国驻美国大使

Mr. Hu was referring to Buddhism and how Chinese saw the West (India) as a heaven or holy place. It's not friendship but India was highly regarded in China.

胡先生所指有二，一是佛教，二是中国将西方（印度）看作天堂或神圣的地方。

但这不是友谊，是中国对印度的高度尊重。

Deepak S Fernandes, Born in Bahrain, ex-Indian citizen, now a Polish citizen

迪帕克S费尔南德斯, 出生于巴林，前印度公民，现在是波兰公民

Both “China” and “India” in the modern sense are very new countries — The Republic of India dates from 1947 and the People’s Republic of China from 1949.

现代意义上的“中国”和“印度”都属于非常新的国家——印度共和国成立于1947年，中华人民共和国成立于1949年。

They were “friends” from 1949 to 1959, until China invaded and conquered Tibet.

从1949年至1959年他们都是“朋友”，直到中国入侵并征服了西藏。

Until that point in time, there was no large border between the lands.

直到那时，两国之间还没有大的边界。

What you are referring to in your question is between the two civilizations.

你的问题所指的是两种文明之间的关系。

The two civilizations have been “friends” since Ashoka’s time when Emperor Ashoka sent Buddhist missionaries to China.

自阿育王派佛教传教士去中国以来，这两个文明就一直是“朋友”。

For most of the time, the two civilizations never “touched” each other directly — always separated by Kushans, Turkics, Mongols, Tokharians, Bactrians, Sogdians, Tibetans, sea, mountains.

在大多数时期，这两个文明从来没有直接“接触”过对方——它们总是被库申人、突厥人、蒙古人、吐火罗人人、巴克特里亚人、古索格代亚纳人（波斯人的一支）、藏族人、以及大海和山川分开。

 

Vikas Shelke, Sr MKT Man

维卡斯·谢尔克，

India and China were never enemies either . India was always rich compared to China for major part of history . Himalyas isolated both nations to greater extent . Infact both nations were not nations as we know it . India was never one until British tookover .

虽称不上朋友，但印度和中国也从来不是敌人。在历史上的大多数时期，印度一直比中国富有。喜马拉雅山脉在更大程度上隔离了这两个国家。事实上，这两个国家都不是我们所了解的那样。直到英国人的到来，印度才成为一个国家。

In todays global and business oriented world order , China is also not direct enemy like 1962 war . China and India needs each other very much and a war is not a option with nukes in hand .China , India will be major forces to rekon in the future and would threaten western dominance. West is already restless and would like China to be isolated politically , they also want Indian subcontinent to be unstable .

在当今以全球和商业为导向的世界秩序中，中国也不像1962年的战争那样是印度的直接敌人。中国和印度都非常需要对方，手上都拥有核武器，所以也不可能开战。中国和印度将成为未来的主要力量，威胁西方的统治地位。西方已经坐立不安，他们希望中国在政治上被孤立，也希望印度次大陆不稳定。

 

Faraz Yusuf Khan, ECE student, Indian,Communist, Freelance Nerd

Faraz Yusuf Khan, ECE学生，印度人，共产主义者，自由职业

After India’s independence Prime Minister Nehru initiated the ‘ Hindi-Chini bhai bhai ‘ policy which obviously backfired in 1962.

在印度独立后，尼赫鲁总理发起了“中印亲如兄弟”政策，显然在1962年这一政策事与愿违了。

Even when China took over Aksai Chin from Kashmir, Nehru gave an impotent answer in the Indian Parliament saying that not even a grain of rice can grow in Aksai Chin so why defend it ?

Sigh.

甚至当中国从克什米尔接管阿克赛钦时，尼赫鲁在印度议会上给出了一个无力的回答，说阿克赛钦连一粒大米也种不出来，那为什么还要捍卫它呢?

哎！

 

Jovi George, Masters Applied Chemistry

乔维·乔治，应用化学硕士

Of course.

当然是。

Ancient China and peninsular India has strong trade relations. Heard of Chinese fishing nets and China clay? You can still see the nets in Kerala. Also the glazed porcelain is called China. We have Chinese urns and Chinese frying pans. All these indicates a strong trade relation.

古代中国与印度半岛有着密切的贸易关系。听说过中国的渔网和陶土吗? 在喀拉拉邦，你仍然可以看到这种渔网。上釉的陶土也叫瓷器。我们这也有中国的瓮和中式煎锅。所有这些都表明了一种深厚的贸易关系。

We have the writings of travelers like Hiring Tsang and Faxian who traveled across the sub continent. Their writings does show a friendly region to them. Considering the geography, only a sea route was possible between the two and the trade happened through the sea.

我们有一些大师的著作，比如跋涉了次大陆的玄奘和法显大师。他们的著作确实带来了有利影响。鉴于地理因素，两国之间只有一条海上航线，也通过海上进行贸易。

Things got sour may be after the British declared war on the Chinese.

但在英国向中国宣战之后，情况就变糟了。

 

Abhinav Mittal, works at Ministry of Magic

阿比纳夫·米塔尔，就职于魔法部

India and china have been friend’s for decades until Nehru destroyed them.India had influenced china without sending a single soldier to there land through Buddhism and our innovation in maths,astrology,science and art.Both the nations have rich history and civilizations.Indians and chinese are considered of superior accent.I believe both the nations would be on the same page once again leaving behind mistakes made by some fool politicians.

几十年来，印度和中国一直是朋友，直到尼赫鲁摧毁了这种关系。印度不费一兵一卒，通过佛教和在数学、占星术、科学和艺术方面的创新影响了中国。这两个国家都有丰富的历史和文明。印度人和中国人的口音都很重。我相信两国将摒弃一些愚蠢政客所犯的错误，再次达成共识。

 

LT Spiceman

Yes, during the muslim invasion of Sindh, in 700 AD, the Hindu kingdom of Kashmir and the Tang empire were allied against the muslims - unfortunately the Tang lost the battle of Talas River in Afghanistan against the arab muslims in 751 AD

是的。在公元700年，穆斯林入侵信德省（巴基斯坦的一个省）期间，印度克什米尔王国曾和大唐帝国联手反对穆斯林。不幸的是，在公元751年，唐朝在阿富汗的塔拉斯河战役中输给了阿拉伯穆斯林。