希特勒对印度雅利安人的态度是什么? [印度媒体]

What was Hitler's attitude towards the Aryans of India?

希特勒对印度雅利安人的态度是什么?




Considering some of the questions/questioners that have cropped up recently on this site, what was the Nazi attitude towards India and specifically the Aryans of India? Did Hitler consider them to be just as superior as the Nordic race? Did this perhaps motivate his support of the Indian National Army during WW2?

考虑到最近这些问题/提问者频繁出现这个网站上，纳粹对印度的态度尤其是印度雅利安人是什么?希特勒认为他们和北欧人一样优秀吗?这可能激发他在二战期间对印度国民军的支持吗?

coleopterist：
Given the infamous Tibet expeditions and Thule society, he clearly considered Indian sub-continent related in some way to Aryan race. However, support for INA didn't need to be related to "superior race" - after all, Nazis happily supported "subhuman" slavic factions that fought against their targets (e.g. Vlasov's army etc...) and INA was an enemy of British.

考虑到臭名昭着的西藏远征和遒力会，他显然认为印度次大陆在某种程度上与雅利安人种有关。然而，对INA（印度国民军）‌的支持并不需要与“种族优越”相关——毕竟，纳粹很高兴地支持了与他们的目标(如弗拉索夫的军队等)作战的“亚人”的斯拉夫派系，而印度国民军是英国的敌人。

Arani：
Hitler did not consider Indians to be Aryans at all. Instead, he believed them to be barbaric Asians who did not deserve to enjoy freedom as a country. He wanted India to remain subjugated under the British (he said this openly in his book) permanently. He pointedly refused Bose's request to withdraw this statement in his only meeting with Bose. As for support for the Indian National Army, it was more Bose's determination and excellent relations with senior officers of the Abwehr (Nazi Germany's intelligence agency) that forced Hitler to deal with the issue of Indian independence. Even then he refused to issue an open declaration in support of India[1]. And Bose, it must be said, returned this subtle hostility. For example, after Germany's surrender, Bose profusely thanked the Germans for their help, but did not forget to add that Germany had been let down by its leaders in both the world wars

希特勒并不认为印度人是雅利安人。相反，他认为他们是野蛮的亚洲人，不应该享有作为一个国家的自由。他希望印度在英国的统治下继续被征服(他在书中公开提到了这一点)。在他与玻斯唯一一次会面中尖锐拒绝了波斯要求其撤回这份声明的请求。至于对印度国家军队的支持，更多的是Bose的决心和与Abwehr(纳粹德国情报机构)高级官员的良好关系，迫使希特勒处理印度独立问题。即便如此，他也拒绝发表公开声明支持印度[1]。必须说，Bose回答了这种微妙的敌意。例如，在德国投降后，Bose对德国人的帮助表示了感谢，但并没有忘记加上德国在两次世界大战中都被其领导人耽误了

coleopterist回复：Thank you. Besides Hitler, what was the Nazi POV on Indian Aryans in general? E.g., Schopenhauer, who influenced Nazi ideology, went gaga over ancient Hindu literature, philosophy, and mythology. Himmler was apparently very taken by the stuff likening Hitler to Krishna, etc. and also praised the caste system of India comparing the SS to the upper-caste warriors who subjugated the lesser lower classes. Were upper caste Indian Aryans perhaps considered acceptable?

coleopterist回复Arani：
谢谢！除了希特勒，对于印度雅利安人一般性的纳粹观点（POV）是什么? 例如，叔本华，他影响了纳粹的意识形态，对古老的印度教文学，哲学和神话十分狂热。希姆莱显然很喜欢希特勒比喻成黑天神的形象，他还赞扬了印度的种姓制度，把纳粹党卫军比作征服了低种姓阶层的高种姓阶层战士。高种姓的印度雅利安人是否可能被认为是可以接受的?

@coleopterist   The Abwehr, as you might know, was staunchly anti-Nazi, and did not believe in the racial policy of the Nazis. But, for most Germans, even upper caste Indian Aryans were not acceptable. For example, India's first president Rajendra Prasad was of upper caste, but was badly beaten up by the Nazis in Vienna. – Arani

Aranit回复coleopteris：
你可能听说过，Abwehr(纳粹德国情报机构)，是坚定的反纳粹分子，不相信纳粹的种族政策，但是，对于大多数德国人来说，即使是高种姓的印度人也无法被接受。例如，印度的第一任总统Rajendra Prasad是高种姓，但在维也纳也被纳粹打得很惨。

Felix Goldberg：I wouldn't go so far as to say that the Abwehr was "staunchly anti-Nazi". Rather, they seem to have been very pragmatic people who served the Nazis well while they were in the ascendant and later began to plot and scheme against them, when they declined. They kinda sorta ended up on the right side, very very broadly speaking, but that doesn't make them good guys at all, just a lighter shade of bad. – Felix Goldberg

Felix Goldberg:我不认为Abwehr是“坚定的反纳粹分子”。更确切地说，他们似乎是非常务实的人，他们在纳粹统治的时候很好地为纳粹服务，后来又开始密谋反对他们，当纳粹开始走向失败的时候。他们有点偏右，非常宽泛地说，但这完成不能使他们成为好人，只是坏的不那么厉害而已。

Who is bose and abwehr? – J. Chang 

J. Chang ：bose 和abwehr是谁?

@J.Chang: Abwehr was the German military intelligence, Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian nationalist who tried to rid India of British rule with the help of the Axis. – DevSolar

DevSolar回复J.Chang：Abwehr是德国的军事情报机构，苏巴斯·钱德拉·鲍斯（Abwehr）是一个印度民族主义者，他试图在轴心国的帮助下摆脱英国的统治。

Barath Bushan：
Hitler was an Chameleon opportunist who used the word "Aryan", in different contexts to supplement his political ideologies, which were mainly to conquer Europe, and the systematic eradication of Jews.

希特勒是一个善变的机会主义者，他在不同的环境中使用“雅利安”这个词来补充他的政治意识形态，主要是征服欧洲，以及系统地消灭犹太人。

The Earliest definition of Aryan, given out by the Nazis, was a race of people belonging to "Indo-European tribes" and the five European sub-races Nordic, Mediterranean, Dinaric, Alpine, and East Baltic, of which the Nordic heritage was inherently considered superior, and of course predominantly recurring among the German race.

在纳粹的统治下，雅利安人的最早定义是属于“印欧部落”的种族，而欧洲的种族排序是北欧人、地中海人、Dinaric、阿尔卑斯山和东波罗的海人，其中北欧血统被认为是优越的，当然，主要是指德国种族。

However, as time passed,he managed to change the description to better suit his current political needs. Here are some instances, where he twisted this "Aryan" term...

然而，随着时间的推移，他设法改变了这一描述，以更好地适应他目前的政治需要。这里有一些例子，他扭曲了这个“雅利安人”的术语。

1) The Slavic race, was clearly an Indo-European tribe, and has its origins in eastern and central Europe. But because he happened to declare war on the Slavs for more lebansraum , he considered Slavs not to be Aryan, describing them as "having dangerous Jewish and Asiatic influences"[Ref1]

斯拉夫种族，显然是印欧语系，起源于东欧和中欧。但因为他碰巧向斯拉夫人宣战以获得更多生存空间（译者注：单词错误，应为lebensraum 专有名词这一概念由纳粹分子提出，指国土以外可控制的领土和属地），他认为斯拉夫人不是雅利安人，他把他们描述为“有危险的犹太人和亚洲人的影响”

He also went to the extent of classifying them under the sub-human race (untermenchen), and hence evading the Geneva convention.

此外，他还将其归类为“亚人类种族”(untermenchen)，从而规避了日内瓦公约。

 2) The Independant State of Croatia, is Nazi Germany's ally. But they were also a predominantly a southern Slavic people. But that notion was rejected, and the idea that the croatians were descendants of German goths, was hereby enforced. [Ref2]

独立的克罗地亚，是纳粹德国的盟友。但他们也是南部斯拉夫民族的主要成员。但这一观点遭到否定，而克罗地亚人是德国哥特人后裔的想法，在此得到了执行。

3) The single most suffered people, by means of genocide , were the Romanis or Gypsies, who clearly spoke Indo-European languages, and they were also found to contain Indian roots.[Ref3] . So even by the definition of Aryan , these Indo-European people were not spared.

最受种族灭绝所害的人，是罗姆人或者说吉普赛人，他们显然会说印欧语言，他们也被发现起源于印度。[Ref3]。因此，即使他们符合雅利安人的定义，这些印欧人也不能幸免。

4) The Japanese people are inherently in no way Aryan, but since they were Hitler's allies, they were granted the status of being Honorary Aryans.

日本人天生就不是雅利安人，但既然他们是希特勒的盟友，他们就被授予了荣誉雅利安人的地位。

So Sum it all up, my conclusion is

总结一下，我的结论是：

Aryan = Germany and its allies.

雅利安=德国及其盟友。

Non Aryan = Rest of the World.

非雅利安=世界的其他地方

The Most famous opinion of Hitler on India written in his book "Mein Kempf", was that Indians are not capable of self rule, and he would rather see the Indians under British rule than anyone else.

希特勒关于印度最着名的观点是，印度人不具备自我统治的能力，他宁愿看到印度人在英国统治之下。

So i seriously doubt, he considered the Indians as Aryans since, Aryans were a superior race capable of ruling the world, but according to him, Indians were not even capable of self-rule,

所以我严重怀疑，他认为印度人是雅利安人。雅利安人是一个有能力统治世界的优秀种族，但是根据他的说法，印度人甚至没有能力自治。

References.

参考资料：

Ref 1 = André Mineau. Operation Barbarossa: Ideology and Ethics Against Human Dignity 巴巴罗萨行动:反人类意识形态和伦理. Rodopi, 2004. Pp. 34-36.

Ref 2 = Rich, Norman (1974). Hitler's War Aims: the Establishment of the New Order 希特勒的战争目标:建立新秩序, p. 276-7. W. W. Norton & Company Inc., New York.

Ref 3 = Kenrick, Donald (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies)吉普赛人的历史 (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. xxxvii.
"The Gypsies, or Romanies, are an ethnic group that arrived in Europe around the 14th century. Scholars argue about when and how they left India, but it is generally accepted that they did emigrate from northern India sometime between the 6th and 11th centuries, then crossed the Middle East and came into Europe." 

“吉普赛人，或者罗姆人，是一个在14世纪左右到达欧洲的民族。学者们争论他们是何时以及如何离开印度的，但是人们普遍认为他们从印度北部移民到了公元6世纪到11世纪之间，然后跨越了中东来到了欧洲”