未来航道：在北极探索中俄罗斯遥遥领先 [俄罗斯媒体]

Russia's Arctic Trefoil base located on the island of Alexandra Land – the westernmost major island of the Franz Josef Archipelago. 

图解：俄罗斯的“北极三叶草”基地，坐落于法兰士约瑟夫地群岛最西端的主岛亚历山大地岛上。

Russia has widely expanded its control over its Arctic territories, Russian Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu said. He added that the unique infrastructure Russia has built in the Polar region is unmatched by any other country.

俄国国防部长谢尔盖·绍伊古说，俄国已经广泛扩展了对其北极领土的控制。他还补充说，俄罗斯在极地建设的基础设施是独一无二的，其他任何国家都无法比拟。

“Throughout the history of Arctic exploration and reclamation, no other country has built so many [infrastructure] objects equipped with such technology and possessing such levels of capacity in the fields of power saving, as well as military capabilities,” Shoigu said, addressing a plenary session of the Public Council of the Russian Defense Ministry on Monday.

“在勘探和开垦北极的整个历史中，没有其他国家建造过这么多装备有如此技术的（基础设施）目标，掌握过如此高水平的节能能力以及军事能力”，绍伊古在周一的俄罗斯国防部公共委员会全体会议上发表讲话时说。   



The minister went on to say that major construction projects in the Arctic are “almost finished,” and that alongside Russia’s western regions, the Arctic would remain a priority area for military infrastructure development in the future.

部长接着说道，那些在北极的重大建设项目“几乎已完成”，并且和俄罗斯的西部地区一样，北极仍会是未来军事基础设施发展的优先地区。

The Russian Defense Ministry has described its construction efforts in the Arctic as “unprecedented.” According to the ministry’s website, the military have built as many as 425 infrastructure objects in the Polar region, with a total area as vast as 700,000 square meters. The existing bases already host as many as 1,000 servicemen alongside special weapon systems and military equipment.

俄罗斯国防部将其在北极的建设成就描述为“史无前例的”。据这个部门网站的描述，军方已在极地地区建造了425个基础设施目标，总面积达70万平方米。目前基地已已经容纳了1000名军人，连同特种武器系统和军事装备。

Russia has four fully functioning military bases in its Polar regions. One has been built on the island of Alexandra Land – the westernmost major island of the Franz Josef Archipelago, another on Wrangel Island in Russia’s Far East and two more on the New Siberian Islands Archipelago. The military are also completing the construction of an airfield on the Franz Josef Archipelago, said to be capable of accommodating airplanes all year round by 2020.

俄罗斯在其极地地区拥有四个功能完备的军事基地。其中一个建在法兰士约瑟夫地群岛最西端的主岛亚历山大地岛上，另一个在俄罗斯远东的弗兰格尔岛上，其余两个位于新西伯利亚群岛。军方也在法兰士约瑟夫地群岛上完成了机场的建设，据说在2020年前能做到全年容纳飞机。

Of particular interest is Russia’s northernmost military base, called Arctic Trefoil. The unique base is the world’s only permanent infrastructure facility built in the area located 80 degrees of latitude north of the Equator.

外界尤感兴趣的是俄罗斯最北端叫做“北极三叶草”的军事基地。这个独一无二的基地是世界上建于赤道以北纬度80度地区的永久性基础设施。


  
Russian President Vladimir Putin and Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev visit Acrtic Trefoil base located on Alexandra Land island in Franz Josef Land, northwest Russia, on March 29, 2017

图解：2017年3月29日，总统普京和总理梅德韦杰夫访问北极三叶草基地

The autonomous complex, which occupies an area of 14,000 square meters, allows up to 100 people to live and work there for as long as a year and a half without any external support. The base has its own power station as well as a water purification plant capable of producing drinking quality water out of snow.

这个独立自给的综合结构占地1万4千平方米，能容许多达100人在那里生活和工作长达一年半而无需外界补给。该基地有自己的发电站和水净化设备，能够利用雪产出可饮用的水。

Brand new heat-saving technologies were used in its construction. The base also has a number of recreational facilities for its personnel, including a cinema, a fitness center, billiard room and tennis court, as well as a greenhouse with living evergreen plants. All buildings at the base are connected by heated galleries.

建设采用了全新的蓄热技术。基地也为其人员配备了一些消遣设施，包括影院，健身中心，桌球室和网球场，也有个温室种有活的常绿植物。基地中的所有建筑之间都连通了加热廊道。

The Russian military also plan to equip the troops stationed in the Polar regions with new weapons specially designed to withstand extremely low temperatures. In 2018, the Russian military plan to deploy the new Tor-M2DT anti-aircraft weapon systems to the Arctic, Lieutenant General Aleksandr Leonov, who is in command of the tactical air defense units within the Russian Armed Forces, told the Russian media.

俄罗斯武装力量中的战术防空部队指挥官亚历山大·列昂诺夫中将告诉俄媒说，俄罗斯军方还计划为驻扎在极地地区的部队配备经过特别设计用来承受极端低温的新式武器。俄罗斯军方计划在2018年把新的Tor-M2DT防空武器系统部署到北极。

A standard version of this anti-aircraft system can hit its targets at a distance up to 15 kilometers and a height of up to 10 kilometers and could remain functional at temperatures ranging from 50 degrees above zero to 50 degrees below zero. Recently, Russian engineers have developed a new version that can operate under even harsher conditions.

这款防空系统的标准版本能够击中距离达15公里，高度达10公里的目标，并能在气温零上50度至零下50度的范围内保持工作。最近，俄国工程师们已发展出一种能在更严酷条件下运转的新版本。

The Arctic remains a strategically important region for Russia both in terms of economic development and providing national security, military and political analysts told RT. “Up to 40 percent of rare earth materials, as well as some 30 percent of gas and oil reserves, are located [in the Arctic regions],” said Viktor Litovkin, a military observer at the TASS and RIA news agencies.

军事和政治分析师们告诉今日俄罗斯电视台说，无论是在经济发展还是提供国家安全方面，北极对俄罗斯来说都是具有战略重要性的地区。“高达40%的稀土材料以及约30%的石油天然气储藏位于北极地区”，塔斯社和俄新社的军事观察员维克托·利托夫金说。

The region also provides one of the most efficient sea trade routes between Europe and Asia, which allows ships to reach their destinations twice as fast as traditional sea routes. Russia has to provide “navigation, ice breakers and radio installations for this Northern Sea Route,” Litovkin explained, adding that Moscow needs to maintain its presence in the region to make this all possible.

这个地区也提供了一条效率最高的欧亚间海上贸易航路，它能使船只以比传统航路快两倍的速度抵达目的地。利托夫金解释道，俄罗斯必须“为这条北海航道提供导航，破冰船和无线电设备”，并补充说，为使这一切成为可能，莫斯科需要保持在该地区的存在。


  
The Northern Sea Route is a “trade route of the future,” Andrey Koshkin, the head of the chair of sociology and political sciences at the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics, told RT, adding that many countries, including China, are increasingly taking an interest in using this route in their international trade.

俄罗斯普列汉诺夫经济大学社会和政治学系主任安德烈·柯西金告诉今日俄罗斯电视台说，北海航道是一条“未来的贸易航路”，并补充说，包括中国在内的许多国家在国际贸易中使用这条航路的兴趣与日俱增。

The Polar regions also have strategic security importance for Russia as foreign military vessels, including submarines, armed with missiles could potentially threaten key Russian military and civilian infrastructure, particularly in Siberia, in case they get free access to the Arctic Ocean waterways near Russia’s northern borders, Litovkin said. “Russia has everything to protect its Arctic territories from any foreign infiltration,” he added.

利托夫金说，北极地区对俄罗斯也具备战略安全上的重要性，因为装备了导弹的外国军舰包括潜艇，万一能够自由进入靠近俄国北部边界的北冰洋水道，便能潜在威胁重要的俄军事和民用设施，尤其在西伯利亚。他补充说，“俄罗斯对于保护她的北极领土免遭外国渗透有着万全准备。”



Bigus Dickus
Soon Putin will be blamed for ice melting in the North Pole and global warming.

很快普京就会因为北极冰川融化和全球变暖而受到指责。

Tutu
Congratulations Russia! Light among nations; That thick bear skin will keep you nice'n warm up there eh.

恭喜俄罗斯！列国之光！那厚熊皮会让你在那里保持温暖。

Korinth_gr
How many ships made the route Asia - Europe or Europe Asia in 2017?
2016 - 18 ships ... 2013 - 71 ships
74 vessels cross Suez Canal in 24 hours 11 dec 2017

2017年有多少船只走完过亚欧/欧亚航道呢？
2016年 - 18艘...2013年 - 71艘
（与此同时）2017年12月11日的24个小时内，就有74艘船通过苏伊士运河

Onionize
Careful! You could come face to face with Canada's royal dogsled force. Those dozen guys are tough.

小心了！你可能会面对面遭遇加拿大皇家雪橇部队。那打家伙可不好对付。

Frans
Read. We will make sure that also this part of the world will be under our influence because we want the oil. Fortunately there are hardly any people living there otherwise they would become part of cruel dictator Putin land

已阅。我们将确保世界的这个部分也受我们的支配因为我们想要石油。幸运的是几乎没有人住在那里，不然他们就会成为残忍独裁者普京地岛（译注：此处的嘲讽借用了亚历山大地岛的命名方式）的一部分。

space cadet
good practice for the moons of jupiter

作为登录木星卫星的预演，这是很好的操练

.
This is what we want to see, exploration ,progress not regime changes, support for head choppers...
Russia, you are a true leader of free world.

这才是我们想看到的，勘探，进步，而不是政权更迭，或是支持那些斩首者...俄罗斯，你是自由世界真正的领袖。