锡金对峙可能令近几年取得的商业进展脱离正轨 [印度媒体]

Sikkim standoff may derail business progress achieved in recent years

锡金对峙可能令近几年取得的商业进展脱离正轨

Doklam standoff: The investment exposure of Chinese companies in India over the last 17 years, which remains limited to a cumulative FDI inflow of $1.63 billion (Rs 10,094 crore) as on July 31, 2017, shows a notable rise in Chinese business interest over the last three years.

洞朗对峙：中国企业在印度的投资敞口，在过去的17年里，仍限于2017年7月31日的累计FDI(Foreign Direct Investment, 外国直接投资)流入的16.3亿美元(1094亿卢比)，这显示了中国商业利益在过去3年的显着增长。



Written by Sandeep Singh , Sunny Verma | New Delhi | Updated: August 5, 2017 2:36 pm

In terms of the number of Chinese companies entering India for business, the trend is positive.

从进入印度开展业务的中国企业的数量来看，趋势是积极的。

Chinese business interests in India have seen sharp vacillations over the last five years, with FDI inflows from China continuing to be tepid even as investment into sector such as telecom hardware witnessed an uptick, alongside the rising trend of Chinese banks ramping up their exposure to Indian companies, particularly in the e-commerce sector. The recent escalation in the tension between India and China on the Sikkim border, however, could potentially derail whatever little momentum that is visible in the inbound investment trend.

在过去的五年里，中国在印度的商业利益大幅波动，来自中国的FDI流入持续温和，甚至是进入诸如电信硬件领域的投资也见证了增长，伴随着的是，中资银行在增强他们与印度公司接触的上升趋势，特别是在电子商务行业。然而，最近中印在锡金边界紧张局势的升级，可能会破坏在入境投资趋势中任何可见的小势头。

The investment exposure of Chinese companies in India over the last 17 years, which remains limited to a cumulative FDI inflow of $1.63 billion (Rs 10,094 crore) as on July 31, 2017, shows a notable rise in Chinese business interest over the last three years.

在过去的17年里，中国企业在印度的投资敞口，仍局限于2017年7月31日的累计FDI流入16.3亿美元(1094亿卢比)，这显示了中国商业利益在过去3年的显着增长。

The cumulative investment amount over the last three years has risen from a low of $410 million (Rs 2,242 crore) in May 2014 to $1.63 billion in end-July 2017, taking China up from being the 28th largest investor three years back to the 17th largest investor at the end of July 2017. Foreign tourist arrivals from China to India shows that the country has moved to number nine position in 2016 from number 11 in 2015, as the number of Chinese tourist arrivals grew 21.8 per cent year on year to a total of 2,51,313 in 2016. This also accounted for 2.85 per cent of the total foreign tourist arrival in the country.

中国累计投资金额在过去三年已从2014年5月的4.1亿美元(224.2亿卢比)的低点升至2017年7月末的16.3亿美元，从三年前的第28大投资者提升至2017年7月末的第17大投资者。中国到印度的游客数量显示，中国从2015年的第11位上升到2016年的第9位，中国游客数量同比增长21.8%，在2016年达到251313人次。这也占了外国游客总数的2.85%。

In terms of the number of Chinese companies entering India for business, the trend is positive. While recent numbers are not available, data with Registrar of Companies shows that as of December 31, 2016 there were 53 Chinese companies registered with RoC and 47 of them were active. According to analysis company Tracxn, Chinese companies have invested about $2.37 billion dollars in Indian companies from 2016 till now, much of which has come from companies such as Alibaba, CTrip and Tencent into Indian online start-ups that include MakeMyTrip, Flipkart and Paytm.

从进入印度开展业务的中国企业的数量来看，趋势是积极的。尽管无法获得最近的数量，但企业注册处的数据显示，截至2016年12月31日，有53家中国公司注册了RoC，其中47家是活跃的。根据分析公司Tracxn的数据，从2016年到现在，中国公司在印度公司投资了约23.7亿美元，其中大部分是阿里巴巴、携程和腾讯等公司对印度在线初创企业的投资，包括MakeMyTrip、Flipkart和Paytm。

The list of Chinese companies that have entered Indian market includes electronics and handset manufacturing companies such as ViVo, Oppo, Lenovo, Huawei Technologies and TCL. Earlier this year, Indian footwear firm Woodland tied up with China’s Aokang International to sell its products at the Chinese company’s multi-brand outlets. Under the arrangement, Woodland will offer Aokang shoes at its outlets in India and its online platform while Aokang, which has over 4,000 stores in China, will stock Woodland shoes at over 100 outlets.

已经进入印度市场的中国公司名单包括电子产品和手机制造企业，如ViVo、Oppo、联想、华为和TCL。今年早些时候，印度鞋业公司Woodland与中国的奥康国际合作，在这家中国公司的多品牌门店销售其产品。根据协议，Woodland将在印度的门店和在线平台上提供奥康的鞋子，而在中国拥有4000多家门店的奥康将在100多家门店销售Woodland的鞋子。

On the trade side, the bilateral engagement is overwhelmingly weighed in favour of China, with India’s trade deficit standing at $51 billion in 2016-17, a marginal decline from the previous fiscal. Bilateral trade with China stands at $71.48 billion. A report prepared by CII indicates that the biggest import items from China to India are electrical items and machinery and they amount to $21.9 billion and $11.1 billion, respectively. On the other hand, the biggest export items from India to China are ores, slag and ash ($1.6 billion) and cotton ($1.34 billion).

在贸易方面，双边接触合作压倒性地有利于中国，印度在2016 - 17年的贸易逆差为510亿美元，与前一财年相比有所下降。与中国的双边贸易为714.8亿美元。CII编写的一份报告指出，从中国到印度的最大进口项目分别是电子产品和机械，分别为219亿美元和111亿美元。另一方面，从印度到中国的最大出口项目是矿石、矿渣和火山灰(16亿美元)和棉花(13.4亿美元)。

Indian companies across IT and pharmaceutical sectors have been looking to expand their presence in India but face several challenges. The CII report points that the pharma companies face challenges on account of time consuming and expensive approval process and also on account of complex post-registration steps including pricing and provincial tendering. On the other hand the IT companies seek resolution on issues such as uniform approval process for opening representative offices across provinces, regulations to strictly deal with IP violations, totalisation agreement (to avoid double taxation) and they also want provision to grant visas for up to six months with multiple entry.

印度的IT公司和制药行业一直在寻求扩大在印度的业务，但面临着几项挑战。CII的报告指出，制药公司面临着由时间消耗和昂贵的审批过程，以及因为一些复杂的注册审批之后的包括定价和省级招标在内的程序所带来的挑战。另一方面，IT公司在一些问题上寻求解决方案，比如跨省设立办事处时能够统一审批流程，制定条例严格处理侵犯知识产权的行为，签订全局协议(以避免双重征税)，他们还希望获得6个月多次入境(邦)的签证许可。

But China’s expansion has continued. Indian power and telecom companies have been buying equipment’s from Chinese manufacturers. Reliance Power and Reliance Communication were one of the first companies to go for Chinese funding. While RCom took a Rs 8,700-crore ($1.93 billion at the time) loan from China Development Bank in 2011 towards refinancing of spectrum fee and equipment import from Chinese vendors, in 2012, Chinese state banks agreed to lend $1.18 billion to Reliance Communications to repay overseas convertible bonds due for redemption in March 2012.

但中国的扩张仍在继续。印度电力和电信公司一直在购买中国制造商的设备。信实电力和信实通信是首批寻求中国融资的公司之一。2011年，信实通信从中国国家开发银行贷款870亿卢比(当时值19.3亿美元)对频谱费以及从中国供应商进口设备进行再融资，2012年，中国国有银行同意贷款11.8亿美元给信实通信，偿还2012年3月到期的海外可转换债券。

In 2012, Reliance Power also secured $1.1 billion financing from three Chinese banks for the Sasan ultra mega power projects. Lanco Infratech, also entered into an agreement with CDB for $2 billion of debt in 2012, for two power projects totaling 2,640 MW. In 2014, Indigo had entered into an agreement with ICBC for a $2.6 billion funding to finance purchase of over 30 aircraft.

2012年，信实电力还从三家中国银行获得了11亿美元的可靠融资，用于Sasan超级大型电力项目。2012年，Lanco Infratech还与中国国开行签署了20亿美元债务协议，用于两个总计2640兆瓦的电力项目。2014年，Indigo与中国工商银行达成协议，为购买30多架飞机提供26亿美元融资。

Arvind Yelery, associate fellow, Institute of Chinese Studies said that China has changed its approach and strategy towards India several times over the last 15 years since they opened up in 2001. “While the overall engagement with India has increased over the last two decades, the principles of economic engagement have not been consistent. China first looked at India purely as a market for trade and dumped their products and then they started to invest in India between 2008 and 2012-13. Now, there has been a shift and with growing international trade ambitions they are looking for India’s support for their OBOR project,” said Yelery.

中国研究所副研究员Arvind Yelery说，自2001年开放以来，超过15年的时间里，中国已经数次改变了对印度的方式和战略。“尽管在过去20年里，与印度的全面接触有所增加，但经济接触的原则并不一致。中国第一次单纯地把印度看成是一个贸易市场，倾销他们的产品，然后他们在2008年到2012/2013年间开始在印度投资。现在，有了一个转变，随着国际贸易的发展，他们正在寻找印度对一带一路项目的支持。“Yelery说道。【啥玩意儿？印度研究中国的院所？】

He, however, said that the Doklam issue should not be a big concern for Indian businesses. “It is the Chinese who should be worried. While Chinese are looking for mega projects in India (railways, power etc), they should know that if they do not have a consistent policy with India, other countries such as Japan, Korea and European countries will benefit,” said Yelery.

然而，他说，洞朗问题不应成为印度企业的一大担忧。“应该担心的是中国人。虽然中国人正在印度寻找大型项目(铁路、电力等)，但他们应该知道，如果他们与印度没有一致的政策，日本、韩国和欧洲国家等其他国家将会受益。”Yelery说。

He further added that India has levied anti-dumping duty on 167 Chinese products — the highest in the world. The US, the EU and Brazil come at 2nd, 3rd and 4th spot, respectively, when it comes to levying anti dumping duty on Chinese products. “Two countries among the top four are members of BRICS and it shows the lack of trust on China even in a small group,” he said.

他还补充说，印度对167项中国产品征收了世界上最高的反倾销税。美国、欧盟和巴西对中国产品征收的反倾销税分别排在第2位、第3和第4位。他说:“前四名中有两个国家是金砖国家的成员，这表明即使在一个小群体中，中国也缺乏信任。”

At the ground level, Indian businesses however, continue to buy cost-competitive Chinese machines and products. The tension at India-China border notwithstanding, Huaxia Amusement Co, that is setting up a three-storeyed ride in Omaxe Connaught Place Mall in Greater Noida, sent two workers to install the structure in the mall just three weeks ago and they will be in India for a maximum of 42 days. However, there seems to be some slowdown in the trade related development since the calls for boycotting Chinese products gained momentum around Diwali last year.

然而，在基层，印度企业继续购买具有成本竞争力的中国机器和产品。尽管印度和中国边境局势紧张，三周前，正在Greater Noida的Omaxe Connaught Place Mall购物广场设立一个三层楼高的游乐设施的华夏娱乐有限公司，仍然派遣了两名工人在商场里安装了这个设施，他们将在印度呆上多达42天。然而，自从去年排灯节期间抵制中国产品的呼声获得响应以来，贸易相关的发展似乎出现了一些放缓。

The mall, which had leased out 2 lakh sq ft area to Chinese traders to set up ‘Dragon Mart’ with around 110 shops in the mall, has seen slow progress on that front. While Omaxe and the Chinese traders entered into an in-principle agreement for the leased area, almost two years ago, there has been no visible progress on the ground. Even as an Omaxe executive claimed that things are “on track” and the company has recently signed the final agreement with the traders, a mall coordinator said that he hasn’t seen any activity over the last six months in the area leased by Chinese businesses.

这家购物中心已经出租了2个lakh平方英尺的区域，让中国商人在商场里设立大约有110家店铺的“龙之商城”，但在这方面似乎进展缓慢。尽管Omaxe和中国商人在两年前签订了租赁区域的原则上的协议，但在地面上却没有明显的进展。即便一名Omaxe高管声称，事情已经“走上正轨”，该公司最近也和中国商人签订了最终协议，但一位购物中心的协调员说，在过去六个月里，他还没有看到中国企业租赁的区域的有任何活动。


Curious Onlooker
Aug 5, 2017 at 1:10 pm
Bilateral trade flow between India and China should only be allowed to prosper if there existed no security threat to India's sovereignty in the region. Road buildings on the border should normally increase to an fro trade between the two countries, but in extraordinary times it could also be used to help China's military logistics in conveying heavy guns and tanks through border roads to India's disadvantage. So long as that uncertainty persists India has got to be wary of the border road constructions by China.

印度和中国之间的双边贸易往来，只有在不存在对印度在该地区的主权安全威胁的情况下，才能让它繁荣。边境的道路设施应该正常地促进国家间的贸易，但在非常时期，它也可以用来输送重型枪支和坦克以助力中国军事后勤，并使印度处于劣势。只要这种不确定性存在，印度就必须警惕中国的边境道路建设。

Antony
Aug 5, 2017 at 12:57 pm
No need of trade relations with a country who supports a global terrorist like massiood azar openly in UN against. No need to succumb to their in bullying too just deploy the nuclear weapons along the border and say that any miss adventure across the border will result in destruction of both the countries. China have a larger and powerful nuclear force but we are capable enough to deliver few nuclear bombs to destroy their major cities like Shanghai and Beijing. Are Chinese willing to go back to stoneage for a disputed piece of barren land ? No they won't jeopardize their super power ambition. To take such a stand India should immediately withdraw no first use policy of nuclear weapons and declare ready for nuclear war. To take such a strong decision Modi and the Sanghis in the govt must eat beef to get the will power , strength and ruthlessness like Russians , Americans or Israelis !!

不需要和一个支持全球恐怖主义比如联合国公开反对的massiood azar的国家有贸易关系。没必要屈服于他们的欺凌，尽管沿着边界部署核武器，并告诉他们任何跨越边境的冒险都将导致两国的毁灭。中国拥有更大更强的核力量，但我们有足够的能力投递几个的核弹来摧毁像上海和北京这样的大城市。中国人愿意为了争夺一块有争议的贫瘠土地而回到石器时代吗？不，他们不会让他们的超级大国野心陷入险境。为了采取这样的立场，印度应该立即取消不首先使用核武器的政策，并宣布已做好核战争的准备。要做出如此强有力的决定，莫迪和政府必须吃牛肉以获得像俄罗斯人、美国人或以色列人那样的强大的意志、力量和冷血无情！！

Bhadrapati Devi
Aug 5, 2017 at 1:18 pm
Angry and sentimental response will lead to escalation of tension between two big nations and finally to a bloody war. Territorial dispute can be settled diplomatically while economic relationship will promote unending tie perpetually between two countries.

愤怒和感情用事将导致两个大国之间的紧张局势升级，最终导致一场血腥的战争。领土争端可以通过外交手段解决，而经济关系则会不断地促进两国间无止境的联系。

Undefined
Aug 5, 2017 at 2:08 pm
What "diplomatically"? Imperialist Chinese Dragon wants land and spits war fire! Go read history of China ! China always for 1200 years had territorial dispute with many and wants to be center of the Asia. China understands only power and China is a long time planning imperial power! Indians are naive , clueless, and lived under enslavement of Muslim invaders and European and British Imperialist colonial power! You will be asked to surrender the surrounding ocean! China will get what China wants by showing power !

什么“外交”?帝国主义中国龙想吞并土地，喷出战火！去读中国的历史！1200年以来，中国一直与许多国家存在领土争端，而且希望成为亚洲的中心。中国只知道权力，而中国长久以来规划积蓄着帝国力量！印度人天真，无知，过去生活在穆斯林侵略者和欧洲和英国帝国主义殖民统治之下。你将被逼投降并交出周围的海洋！中国会通过展示实力得到中国想要的!

Apllo
Aug 5, 2017 at 1:47 pm
Antony，you are indian donkey!

Antony，你是印度驴!

Antony
Aug 5, 2017 at 2:13 pm
Applo you are a Chinese pig!!

Applo 你是中国猪! !

Jinita
Aug 5, 2017 at 2:05 pm
Indian top class and rich men, They Don't wanna nuke,maybe just you like.

印度上层阶级和富豪，他们不想要核武器，也许只有你喜欢。

Sagar Choudhury
Aug 5, 2017 at 12:42 pm
I think china is under estimate Indias power.

我想中国低估了印度的实力。

Rkannan
Aug 5, 2017 at 12:33 pm
Chinese have invested negligible amounts in India. China has invested more money in CPEC which is purely an anti India security arrangement offering no economic returns. China has consistently displayed an anti India approach at all forums - it opposes India's entry into NSG, refuses to support India's UNSC seat, supports terrorists like Masood Azhar, gives money to Pakistan which uses that to create trouble in Kashmir, restricts the of Indian goods services in China by several measures - and we should not get carried away by negligible investments in areas like mobile phones. India does not need the Chinese mobile phones but the other issues are far more important.

中国人在印度投资了几乎可以忽略不计的数额。中国在中巴经济走廊上投入了更多的资金，这纯粹是个反印的安全协议，没有提供任何经济回报。中国在所有会议上一贯地展示了反印的方法——它反对印度加入核供应国集团，拒绝支持印度(坐上)安理会席位，支持恐怖分子比如Masood Azhar，送钱给巴基斯坦在克什米尔制造问题，采取若干措施限制印度在中国商品服务；我们不应该为了那些微不足道的手机等领域的投资而失去理智。印度不需要中国的手机，其他问题更为重要。

A. M.
Aug 5, 2017 at 12:22 pm
Feku sent his envoy dowal to secretly kiss the feet of the Chinese premier and beg them to not publicly humiliate feku in front of his foolish bhakts.

Feku派他的特使dowal秘密亲吻中国总理的脚，并请求他们不要在那些愚蠢的bhakts面前公开羞辱Feku。

Zhao
Aug 5, 2017 at 12:20 pm
China newly said: Do Not Stir Up A Hornet's Nest...LOL

中国最近说：不要捅马蜂窝…LOL

Bhadrapati Devi
Aug 5, 2017 at 10:48 am
India is highly diversified nation with the composition of all different ethnic racial groups of the world. Opinion of different racial groups over issue of Indo-China relation may be different across the states. Majority of native indigenous people of North East people have Chinese dream rather than American dream a generation ago. Large numbers of intellectual section of native indigenous people support strong economic relation with China and South East Asian countries because of strong cultural affinity and opportunity for doing business. North east indigenous food industry may get market in China and other south East Asian countries because of sharing food habits. In the light of look East policy and Act East policy, economy should be opened in the east so that people to people contact may develop trust among the nations. It is better to remove the prejudice of looking China rise is a revival of neo-colonialism in the world.

印度是一个由世界上所有不同种族的民族组成的高度多元化的国家。不同种群对印中关系问题的看法可能不同。大多数东北部原住民都有中国梦，而不是一代人以前的美国梦。大量的原住民知识分子支持与中国和东南亚国家保持强大的经济关系，因为他们有很强的文化亲和力和做生意的机会。东北地区的本土食品产业，由于共有的饮食习惯的关系，可能在中国和其他东南亚国家获得市场。在向东看政策和向东走政策的光辉下，经济应该在东方开放，那么人与人之间可交流接触，可以发展国家间的信任。最好消除那种认为中国崛起是世界新殖民主义复兴的偏见。

Undefined
Aug 5, 2017 at 2:24 pm
Historically , China wants to be a imperialist power and the center of Asia and others spin around them! That is Chinese dream! Food habits!! What food industry? Shark fins , Rhino horns, tiger te-sticles , Bear gall bladder...? What human contact? Simple eye features does make all of them Chinese race!

从历史上看，中国想成为一个帝国主义大国，亚洲的中心，其他国家还要围着他们转！这是中国梦！饮食习惯！！什么食品行业？鲨鱼鳍，犀牛角，虎鞭，熊胆，熊胆……？什么人类交流？简简单单的(小)眼睛特征造就了他们全都是中国人！

Kishan Rohilla
Aug 5, 2017 at 9:29 am
So far it is up to our leadership to make India a manufacturing hub for not only international companies but also India companies and establish manufacturing plants far from habitations and unused areas across the nation. Our leadership officials and people need to be fully honest and committed towards nationalism the rest will take place itself. I would like both government of India Government of Bhutan in full confidence to protract and develop as it is mostly surrounded by Indian boarders. And India have to do same thing with Myanmar Bangladesh too. Apart from Pakistan, I think all countries in Indian subcontinent will be happy to be part of "Indian Subcontinent Federation" kind of thing if it is made really. I Think this is the only major step to stop china showing it unwanted supremacy, in this region and help protract and develop all countries in Indian subcontinent. Thanks. The big mistake of offering Tibet to China has already been done whihc

到目前为止，我们的领导层是让印度成为制造中心，不仅是国际公司的，而且是印度公司的，并在全国范围内在远离居住区的地方和未开发地区建立工厂。我们的领导层官员和人民需要完全诚实，致力于民族主义，剩下的自然会水到渠成。鉴于不丹大部分被印度边境包围着，我希望印度和不丹政府都有充分的信心延伸(protract原意是延长长度(时间)，从后文看，估计他想说延伸国土)和开发。印度也必须对缅甸和孟加拉国做同样的事。除了巴基斯坦，我认为印度次大陆的所有国家都很开心成为类似“印度次大陆联邦”的一部分，如果成真的话。我认为这是阻止中国在这一地区展示其不受欢迎的至高无上的霸权地位的唯一的重要步骤，并帮助印度次大陆的所有国家延伸和开发发展(啥)。谢谢各位。向中国奉上西藏的重大错误已经发生过了！