挪威将成为首个开始关闭FM广播的国家 [英国媒体]

-------------译者：一只番茄炒鸡蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



Norway will next week become the first nation to start switching off its FM radio network in a risky and unpopular leap to digital technology that will be closely watched by other countries considering whether to follow suit.

挪威将于下周成为首个关闭FM广播的国家，这个走向数码科技的举措既含有风险又不受大众欢迎，其他国家也在关注此事并考虑是否要跟进。

Critics say the government is rushing the move and fear many people may miss emergency alxs that until now have been broadcast via FM radio. Of particular concern are the 2m cars on Norway’s roads that are not equipped with digital audio broadcasting (DAB) receivers they say.

有评论说政府操之过急，担心人们有可能错过紧急事件的通知，目前此类事件仍然是通过FM广播来传送。特别是考虑到挪威的公路上还奔驰着近2百万的轿车没有安装数位音频接收设备。

Sixty-six per cent of Norwegians oppose switching off FM 17% are in favour and the rest are undecided according to an opinion poll published by the daily Dagbladet last month.

根据上个月的每日日报的意见调查，约有66%的挪威人反对关闭FM广播，17%的人赞成，其他人没有表示决定性意见。

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Nevertheless parliament has given the final go-ahead for the move swayed by the fact that digital networks can carry more channels.

尽管如此，国会仍然通过了此项决议的法案，主要考虑是数码广播可以搭载更多的频道。

Switzerland plans a similar move from 2020 and Britain and Denmark are among those also considering such a switch. A smooth transition to DAB which is already beamed across Norway could encourage these countries to move ahead.

瑞士计划于2020年实行相似的计划，英国和丹麦也将会考虑此计划。若挪威全国能顺利过渡到数码广播（DAB），这将会鼓励其他的国家也施行类似的计划。

The shutdown of the FM (frequency modulation) network introduced in the 1950s will begin in the northern city of Bodø on 11 January. By the end of the year all national FM broadcasts will cease.

于1950年问世的FM（变频广播）将于1月11号从北部城市波德开始实行关闭，到本年底全国所有的FM广播将全部淘汰。


-------------译者：一只番茄炒鸡蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

GrahamPTebby 14h ago
The main reason the governments want to switch from analogue to digital is not because there will be more channels but because digital uses less bandwidth they can sell off the freed up FM spectrum. There are two aspects to digital quality - true there is no hiss but it needs to compress the audio to achieve the bandwidth savings and with increased compression comes worse quality less bandwidth and lower costs. Also while the quality of analogue falls gracefully as the signal gets worse digital keeps going up to a point and then fails catastrophically.

政府想将模拟信号广播转为数码广播的主要原因并不是因为有更多的频道，而是因为数字频道占用的带宽少，这样他们可以将释放出来的多余FM频谱再卖出去。影响数字频道的质量有两个因素-它没有杂音，但是为了节省频带宽度需要压缩音频，压缩音频可以减少带宽，降低成本，但导致音质差。虽然信号变弱时调频广播的质量会下降，但是数码音频广播的质量在类似的情况下要糟糕得多。

Bosp  GrahamPTebby 14h ago
they can sell off the freed up FM spectrum

”他们将释放出来的多余FM频谱卖出去“

to whom and for what?

卖给谁，做什么？

It's not suitable for phone services - too low frequency.

这种频谱又不适合电话通信--频率太低

Mootpoint Jones  GrahamPTebby 14h ago
Exactly! Thank you.

的确是这样！谢谢你。

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RegLaCrisp  Bosp 14h ago
You've asked this question many times. As far as I can see nobody has bothered to reply.

你已经问了这个问个题很多次了，目前为止我还没发现有人回复你。

I hope you're not holding your breath? Given that almost every comment on here is negative it seems odd to me that nobody is prepared to come forth and argue their case.

考虑到这里的每个评论几乎都是消极的，我希望你不要忧虑。我觉得有点奇怪的是没有人冒出来争论这个事情。

That DAB is shite would be a good argument (if it is shite - I neither know nor care as the only time I ever listen to the radio is on the internet) but then one wonders why any government would even consider this change let alone actually go through with it. Norway and Switzerland are not backward countries - they must have good reasons ... mustn't they?

说数字音频很烂，这是个很好的论点。（如果很烂---我不想知道也不关心这个，因为我只在网上听收音）那政府为什么要考虑这个变更呢，更别提真的采取行动了，挪威和瑞士都不是落后国家--他们一定是有原因（才做决定的），不是吗？

The article says; "For the same cost digital radio allows for eight times as many stations as FM and is said to have clearer sound and less hiss. The current system of parallel FM and digital networks each of which costs about 250m crowns saps investment in programmes." Everybody turning off would sap such investment too!

这篇文章说了：”相同的成本下，数字广播允许的频道数量是FM的8倍，而且据说声音更清晰，杂音更少。目前并行的FM和数码广播系统各需要花费2.5亿克朗的节目投资“。每个人关闭系统将可以削减投资。

Norway is dramatically less densely populated than the UK and also suffers far more from extreme weather so the availability in cars must be an issue. Yet still the government is going ahead. They must think the good things outweigh the bad but they should try a little harder to explain their thinking.

挪威的人口密度远低于英国，而且因受恶劣天气的影响，汽车的收音接收效果肯定也是一个问题。政府还是有远见的，他们一定权衡过利弊，但他们应该在解释他们的想法上更积极一点。

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mojoangel 15h ago
My radio works fine. I do not want the unnecessary expense of "upgrading". Many people who are poor will be disenfranchised from listening to the radio if it goes purely digital. FM sounds great with a decent tuner.

我的收音机工作的好好的。我不要花费不必要的钱来”升级“。如果全部变成数码广播，将会剥夺穷人听收音的公民权。在收音方面FM还是挺不错的。

savingUK  mojoangel 14h ago
Except (in the UK at least) they deliberately distort most FM stations using a special technique to make them sound louder. Not the case for classical stations though which may be more common in Norway?

除了古典音乐频道，（至少在英国）他们故意用特殊的技术手段干扰FM站点，让声音变大。在挪威，古典音乐电台是不是更普遍一点？？

Fanastril  savingUK 14h ago
There is only one classical station in Norway P1. The rest are from the 80s.

挪威只有一个古典音乐频道P1，其他的都是80年代成立的。

-------------译者：氯化钠⊙▽⊙槑-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

ps. AM就是指调幅制广播，也就是指中波及短波广播。这种无线电波的载频幅度，是随着调制的音频信号而变，优点是接收机的构造简单，能接收远距离的短波段广播及国内普遍采用的中波广播，每个电台的带宽是9KHz(双边带，音频带宽是4500Hz)。但是由于干扰信号主要是对无线电波的幅度起作用，所以抗干扰能力差、由于带宽较窄，音质较差，适合语音广播。
FM指调频制广播。载频信号的频率，是随调制的音频信号而变，幅度不变。优点是频带宽，每个电台达上百KHz，音质好；干扰信号对广播信号幅度的影响，可以用限幅器予以削除，所以抗干扰能力很强，几乎无杂音。由于频带很宽，整个中波频段也容不下几个电台，所以只能用超短波进行广播。超短波段信号只能以直线方式传播，只能为本地听众服务，本地能接收的FM电台数量有限。

Bakwaas  savingUK 13h ago
I wasn't aware of this. I always learn at least one fact a day from the comments pages

我不觉得是这样的。每次我都会从评论里面了解一些事实。

delmercato 15h ago
At least Britain will be reverting back to AM now that we have freed ourselves from all this FM and digital nonsense imposed by the EU loons.

至少英国会重新回到am  我们已经把自己从欧盟那些无赖编造的谎言中脱离出来

JackTheJuggler  delmercato 14h ago
Can I borrow your shoehorn? Oh now I see it's one of those ironic shoehorns!

你能借给我你的鞋拔子么？欧，现在我知道了这就是那种搞笑的鞋拔子。

Kolkhis  delmercato 14h ago
It's the long wave goodbye. I'll get my coat.

是长波告别的时候了，我会取我的外套

glueface  Kolkhis 14h ago
Your coat is already outside.

这行早就淘汰了

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Geologybob 14h ago
Even if you can get a decent signal (the higher broadcast frequency of DAB doesnt penetrate walls and buildings as well as the lower FM band)the life of batteries running a DAB can be measured in hours. I replace batteries in some of my FM radios at yearly intervals sometimes. Even using rechargeables this has surely got to be part of the consideration ?

尽管你能接受到一个很好的信号（更高的广播频率的数字广播不能像调频波段很好的穿透墙和建筑）但是也只能支撑DAB数个小时而已。
每年每隔一段时间我把电池替换到我的一些调频收音机上。甚至使用可充电的也有必要成为考虑的一部分？

Imagine junking all our existing radios to get onto a permanent upgrade treadmill of the "next format". Insane progress for progress' sake driven exclusively by DAB makers and government wanting to sell frequency blocks.

想象一下吧，废除我们现存的收音机从而转变成一种永久升级的"下一种形式"的。为了发展的利益的发展是由那些数字广播的制造商们和同时想要卖掉调频模块的政府们所独自主导的。
PS.（Digital Audio Broadcasting 数字式广播）

-------------译者：氯化钠⊙▽⊙槑-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

defconfour 15h ago
Democracy in action once again I see. I sympathise entirely with the majority in Norway who do not want to switch to digital radio.

我有一次见到了民主的形式。我十分同情那些不想换成数字广播的大多数挪威人。

The switch from analogue to digital TV stations here in the UK was one of the biggest rip-offs ever perpetrated on the unsuspecting public. There'll be hundred of channels we were told. Well yes and 90% of them serve up a woeful choice of programming not to mention the synchronized ad breaks we all have to suffer. The Treasury made a fortune from the VAT levied on all the new/converted equipment we had to invest in in order to view the digital content.

英国从模拟信号转换到数字信号的电视曾经是最大的骗局之一，针对于毫不知情的公众的罪行。我们被告知会有上百个频道。呵呵，百分之九十的节目都只会提供糟糕的电视节目给你选择选择，也避免提及那些间歇的同步广告，但是我们都必须忍受这些。财政部也会从中捞取一笔，也就是收取我们为了观看数字节目买的转换器的增值税。

No doubt HMG are expecting the same when we all have to shell out for digital radios which if run on batteries cost a fortune. Then as mentioned in the article above there's the not-so-small matter of  having to change all our car radios which all work perfectly well at the moment thank you. Another money spinner for the Treasury.

毫无疑问英国政府也是这样想的，当我们全都必须换成数字广播在电池大花一笔， 正如文章中所提及的，把我们汽车上的那些工作正常的收音机全部换掉，这并不是一个小问题。这也是另一个给财政部送钱的圈套。

No doubt they'll try to sell the product by stating as before that there will be a swathe of new radio channels at our fingertips. Oh joy.

毫无疑问他们另一种为了骗我们买东西的一种新包装的收音机。欧，慢慢享受。

Haven't they heard the old adage: it's quality not quantity?

不知道他们有没有听过一句古老的谚语：求质不求量

Evidently not...

很明显没有···

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exasperus  epidavros 13h ago
we have much much better reception

我们有好得多的接收器。

Lucky you!

真幸运！

a load more channels

一个可以搭载更多的频道的

of utter shit!

烂东西

Matthew Cameron 14h ago
DAB is an already obsolete technology that was developed in the 1980's and doesn't even match early MP3. It is massively compressed unstable and massively energy inefficient.

数码广播是一个已经过时的科技，起始于19世纪80年代，它甚至跟MP3都不兼容，大幅压缩的稳定性差，而且能耗高。

It only has one advantage and that is that it uses less bandwidth giving the greedy government the opportunity to sell-off the remaining bandwidth to telecoms companies. This decision has NOTHING to do with offering an improved service.

唯一的好处是，可以用更少的带宽，这样贪婪的政府就有机会将剩余的带宽卖给电信公司，这个决议跟提高服务毫无关系。

In conclusion it's bollocks.

结论：这个事是胡说。

-------------译者：一只番茄炒鸡蛋-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Bosp  Matthew Cameron 14h ago
giving the greedy government the opportunity to sell-off the remaining bandwidth to telecoms companies.

“政府有机会将剩余的带宽卖给电信公司”

Nope.

不是的。

It's entirely the wrong bit of spectrum for that

广播频谱，电信公司是用不了的。

marcus_rm  Bosp 14h ago
It frees up the entire FM spectrum to be sold off at a fat profit. That's what Matthew was getting at.

压缩出来的FM频谱可以卖一个好价钱，这就是马修的观点。

Remember when we moved from Analogue TV to Digital TV? it freed up the entire spectrum that old Analogue TV broadcast on and was sold off to the telcos for mobile data coverage.

还记得当我们从模拟信号电视转为数字电视吗？模拟信号电视空出来的整个频谱被卖给了电信公司做手机数据覆盖。