当500和1000卢比的钞票在一夜之间被宣布非法后,印度人全都惊呆了。根据印度央行的报告,几乎所有的高面额钞票都被回收了。这些钞票在印度政府去年令人震惊的打击非法钞票行动中被禁止使用。
India rupee: Illegalcash crackdown failed - bank report
印度卢比:打击非法货币失败——根据银行报告
30 August 2017 India
2017年8月30日,印度
Indians were shocked when 500 and 1,000 rupeenotes were declared illegal overnight
当500和1000卢比的钞票在一夜之间被宣布非法后,印度人全都惊呆了。
Indians returned almost all of thehigh-currency notes banned in last year's shock government crackdown on illegalcash, the central bank says.
根据印度央行的报告,几乎所有的高面额钞票都被回收了。这些钞票在印度政府去年令人震惊的打击非法钞票行动中被禁止使用。
It said 15.28tn rupees ($242bn) - or 99% -of the money had made its way back into the banking system.
据称,15.28万亿卢比(2420亿美元)——或者99%——的高面额钞票现在已经回到了银行系统。
Ministers had hoped the move would make itdifficult for hoarders of undeclared wealth to exchange it for legal tender.
印度总理曾希望废钞令可以增加藏匿巨额财产的人更换合法货币的困难度。
The news that it did not will raisequestions about the policy, which brought chaotic scenes across India.
这条新闻会激起人们对于这个在全印度引发混乱的政策的疑问。
Banks ran out of cash after the ban on 500($7) and 1,000 rupee notes, which accounted for about 85% of the money incirculation.
银行在废钞令发布后用完了所有的500(7美元)和1000面额的卢比,这些面额的钞票约占流通货币总量的85%。
At others, police were called in to managelong queues of anxious customers hoping to change their savings.
另一方面,警察收到命令去维持银行顾客们的排队秩序。这些排成长队的换钞者们心急如焚,希望能够为他们的储蓄更换合法钞票。
Many low-income Indians, traders andordinary savers who rely on the cash economy were badly hit.
许多低收入印度人、生意人和正常的储户都遭受了重大打击,因为他们太依赖现钞经济了。
Viewpoint: Currency gamble was a bigmistake
观点:废钞赌博是个大错误
By Vivek Kaul, Economic Analyst
作者:维崴克·考,经济分析师
Has demonetisation been a success or afailure? As per the RBI data, it's safe to say that demonetisation has been afailure of epic proportions.
废钞令究竟是成功了还是失败了?根据印度央行数据,我们可以安全地断定,废钞令遭遇了史诗级大失败。
The RBI report says that illegal notesworth 15.28tn rupees ($242bn) had been deposited in banks up to 30 June. Thisbasically means that almost 99% of the "demonetised" money wasdeposited into banks and wasn't really destroyed.
印度央行报告称,截止到6月30日,约有15.28万亿卢比(2420亿美元)的非法货币被银行收回。这基本意味着差不多99%的“废钞”最终被银行收回而不是被作废。
As far as detecting counterfeit currency isconcerned, nothing much seems to have happened on this front either.
考虑到还有伪钞被检测出来,这说明废钞令没起到什么作用。
Over and above this, the government's policy caused a huge cash shortage, withpeople having to spend many days standing in ATM lines trying to withdraw theirown money.
除此以外,印度政府颁发的这道法令制造了巨大的钞票短缺,迫使人们在ATM机前面排了几天的队来取出他们的血汗钱。
As far as the Modi government is concernedthey are unlikely to admit it was a big mistake and will continue to put apositive spin on it, as they have since last November. Things will not changeon that front.
至于莫迪政府,他们不会老老实实承认自己犯了大错,而会继续歪曲事实,把它说得冠冕堂皇,这样的情况去年11月就发生过了。这次也不会有什么不同。
Politicians, analysts and ordinary Indianshave argued for months over whether Prime Minister Narendra Modi's so-calleddemonetisation gamble was a success or failure.
纳兰德拉·莫迪总理发动的这场所谓“废钞行动”的赌博究竟是成功了还是失败了?政治家、分析家和普通印度人几个月来一直争论不休。
Now the data finally provides the answer,on page 195 of the ReserveBank of India (RBI) annual report.
现在数据最终揭示了答案,白纸黑字印在印度储备银行(RBI)年度报告的第195页。
Agriculture, the rural economy and property- which rely largely on cash transactions - were sectors hit by the ban.
农业、农村经济和财产——依赖现金交易——都是遭受禁令打击的行业。
It also contributed to a slowdown ineconomic growth.
废钞令也造成了经济增长的减速。
But some analysts did point out the policydid have some positive aspects, including injecting cash into the bankingsystem which had brought the cost of loans down.
但是一些分析人士指出该禁令还是有一些积极方面的,比如将钞票注入银行系统,使贷款成本降低。
The opposition criticised the move, butfailed to dent government popularity
有反对意见批评该法令,但是没能削弱政府的声望。
"While this shows that demonetisationexercise has not yielded a large one-time gain, it has led to financialisationof dormant savings and helped bring down lending rates," one economist inMumbai told Reuters.
“现在,这显示废钞令没有造成巨量的一次性收入,它使静止的存款金融化,帮助降低了贷款利息,”一名孟买的经济学家这样告诉路透社。
Few observers think the bank figures willdamage the government, which has fended off criticism of its cash crackdownwhile making electoral gains, including a sweeping victory in crucial Uttar Pradesh state in March.
几乎没有观察家认为银行的报告会对政府造成损害。印度政府挡住了对于其废钞令的批评,同时还获得了竞选胜利,包括3月在北方邦的大胜。
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