被遗忘的中国军队如何在前线挖掘战壕、搬运军需品和补给，帮助英国赢得第一次世界大战 [英国媒体]

How a forgotten Chinese army dug the trenches, carried the munitions and supplied the frontline to help Britain win the First World War

被遗忘的中国军队如何在前线挖掘战壕、搬运军需品和补给，帮助英国赢得第一次世界大战

The grandson of a First World War army hero has stumbled upon an collection of glass slides images which documents the untold lives of Chinese workers who helped Britain win the war.

一战英雄的孙子偶然发现了一套玻璃幻灯片，记录了未公开的中国工人的生活，他们帮助英国赢得了战争。



Retired property manager John de Lucy rediscovered the rare photo negatives that were given to him 40 years ago when he was rifling through the contents of an old cupboard.

退休的房地产经理John de Lucy在40年前得到这些稀有的照片底片，在搜索一个旧橱柜里的东西时，他再次找到了它们。

The images, taken by Mr de Lucy's grandfather, Lieutenant William James Hawking, provide a valuable visual record of the lives Chinese workers endured when nearly 5,000 miles away from home, where they had to dig trenches, unload freight and take munitions to the front.

这些图片是由德鲁西先生的祖父威廉姆詹姆斯霍金斯中尉拍摄的，直观的记录了中国工人的生活，他们在远离故乡5000英里以外的地方，承担着挖掘战壕、装卸货物并把军需品运往前线的工作，这些记录很有价值。

Lieutenant Hawkings's family were property traders in Asia when war broke out, and while China was neutral in the war, the Asian nation allowed forces to hire nearly 100,000 workers to make the three-month journey from Shandong to ports in Liverpool and Plymouth, where they were then transported to the frontline.

霍金斯中尉的家庭在战争爆发的时候是房地产商人，而中国当时是中立国，这个亚洲国家允许列强雇佣将近十万工人，从山东经过三个月的旅程到达利物浦和普利茅斯港，在那里他们被输送到前线。

Retired property manager John de Lucy rediscovered the rare photo negatives that were given to him 40 years ago when he was rifling through the contents of an old cupboard

退休的房地产经理约翰德鲁西在40年前得到这些稀有的照片底片，在搜索一个旧橱柜里的东西时，他再次找到它们。

The jobs that Chinese workers carried out allowed more British soldiers to be freed up for other tasks such as fighting on the frontline in Flanders. 

中国工人承担的工作使更多英国士兵获得解脱，得以承担其他任务，比如到法兰德斯前线打仗。

Chinese recruits had to suffer through gruelling 12 hour workdays, six days a week, with many remaining in France until 1921 to clear up unexploded bombs from the battlefields.

中国雇工在工作日必须承受12小时的工作，每周工作6天，很多人直到1921年还留在法国，负责清理战场上未爆炸的炸弹。

Many Chinese recruits also celebrated their traditions in mainland Europe, with some even growing their own vegetable gardens for extra food and even winning agricultural shows in Abbeville in 1918.

很多中国雇工在欧洲大陆也庆祝他们的传统，有些甚至侍弄自己的菜园，以获得更多的食物，甚至还在1918年的阿布维尔农业展览上获奖。

Hawkings' third daughter was a fluent Mandarin speaker and was loved by No 12 Labour Corps, yet not all Chinese recruits were treated well as many muntined, with 27 shot on the streets of Boulogne.

霍金斯的三女能说一口流利的国语，受到第十二劳工营的喜爱，然而并非所有中国雇工都受到良好的待遇，其中有27人在布伦的大街上被枪杀。

Chinese workers were originally not meant to serve closer than 10 miles to the frontline, but this was reduced to one mile as German artillery bombed the Allied lines.

中国工人一开始不应到前线10英里以内工作，但当德国大炮轰炸盟军防线，这个距离被缩减到1英里。

Mr de Lucy said: 'I knew there were some boxes from his time in China but had no idea that they were such an important part of history. 

德鲁西先生说：“我知道家里有些他留下来的关于中国的箱子，但我不知道这些东西有这么重要的历史意义。”

'I read the title "Chinese Labour Corps" on the box but it meant nothing to me. Yet these men were involved in a crucial part of the war effort. Many of them paid with their lives and their story has seldom been told.'

“我看到箱子上的‘中国劳工营’的标题，但这对我毫无意义。然而这些人参与了战争的关键部分。其中很多人献出了他们的生命，但他们的故事很少为人所知。”

He added: 'Because of the difficulty with their names, they were given a number on a brass disc that was fixed to their wrists. Their fingerprints were taken to help identity them and Scotland Yard even sent out one of its officers to oversee the task as it was quite a new technique back then.

他还说：“因为他们的名字很复杂，所以在他们的手腕上系了一个铜盘，上面有个编号。有人取了他们的指纹来帮助识别，苏格兰场甚至派遣一名官员来监督这项工作，因为在当时这还是一项相当先进的技术。”

'Like most people I had no idea about this part of First World War history and it was certainly not mentioned in the family despite grandpa's involvement. 

“就像大多数人一样，我对第一次世界大战的这部分历史一无所知，尽管有我祖父参与其中，我的家人肯定从未提到过。”

'They are a remarkable legacy and they show that he dealt with them with humanity because in many of the pictures they are smiling and relaxed - they are not formally posed.

“这是一笔非凡的遗产，它们显示他曾以仁慈来对待他们，因为在很多照片里，他们面露笑容而且很放松，并没有正式的摆姿势。”

'It is time to recognise their efforts and you wonder what we would have done without them. They helped enormously.'   

“是时候承认他们的付出了，想知道如果没有他们我们能做什么？他们提供了巨大的帮助。”

There is now a growing campaign for to establish a permanent memorial to the Chinese Labour Corps - a 30-foot marble column - and spread awareness about the role China played in Britain's war efforts. 

现在已经有了一个越来越大的运动：为中国劳工营建立永久性纪念碑——一座30英尺高的大理石柱，并宣传中国在英国战争中的作用。

Steve Lau, chair of the Ensuring We Remember campaign, told the Daily Express: 'There are around 40,000 First World War memorials in the UK but none to the Chinese, who clearly made a significant contribution.

“我们要牢记”运动的主席史蒂夫刘告诉每日快报：“英国有40000座一战纪念碑，却没有一座是纪念中国人的，而他们显然做了很大贡献。”

'The Chinese community has given huge support for a memorial. We want to rectify the injustice of the Chinese Labour Corps being forgotten. I don't think you can find any other group of 96,000 men who do not have a memorial.' 

“华人社区为这座纪念碑提供了大量支持，我们希望被遗忘的中国劳工营受到的不公正被纠正。我不认为你还能找到一个96000人的团体却没有纪念碑的例子。”



Some 100,000 Chinese workers were allowed to join the war effort, with that number eventually rising to 200,000 throughout the duration of the conflict

大约10万中国工人参与了战争工作，随着冲突的持续，这个数字最终上升到20万。



The jobs that Chinese workers carried out allowed more British soldiers to be freed up for other tasks such as fighting on the frontline in Flanders

中国工人承担的工作使更多英国士兵获得解脱，得以承担其他任务，比如到法兰德斯前线打仗。



Lieutenant William James Hawking's  family were property traders in China when the First World War broke out

一战爆发时，霍金斯中尉的家庭曾是房地产商人



While China was neutral at the start of the war, the Asian nation allowed Allied forces to hire nearly 100,000 workers

而中国当时是战争的中立国，这个亚洲国家允许列强雇佣了将近十万工人



Chinese workers were originally not meant to serve closer than 10 miles to the frontline, but this was reduced to one mile as German artillery bombed the Allied lines

中国工人一开始不应到前线10英里以内服务，但当德国大炮轰炸盟军防线，这个距离被缩减到1英里。



Chinese workers had to ensure 12 hour workdays, six days a week, with many remaining in France until 1921 to help clear up unexploded bombs from the battlefields

中国雇工在工作日必须忍受12小时的工作，每周工作6天，很多人直到1921年还留在法国，负责清理战场上未爆炸的炸弹。



The Chinese lived in sectioned-off huts but would decorate them with traditional lanterns during their time in Europe

中国人在欧洲期间住在分隔开的营房里，但他们用传统的灯笼来装饰营房



At least 2,000 Chinese labourers lost their lives in France - many during the 1918 flu crisis - but unofficial estimates put the number at nearer 20,000

至少有2000名中国劳工在法国丧命，很多人死于1918年的流感危机，但非官方估计死者接近20000人。



There are growing calls for a memorial to commemorate the sacrifice made by Chinese workers during the First World War

越来越多人呼吁建立一座纪念碑，来纪念中国工人在一战中所做的牺牲。



The glass slides of rare photo negatives provide a valuable insight into the lives of Chinese workers during the First World War

罕见的玻璃片上的照片底片提供了珍贵的见解，反映了中国工人在一战中的生活。


xredsx（英国）
Isn't it amazing how quickly and often different nations and their population changes to either friends or enemy with each other. Propaganda is so effective.

不同国家和国民能够如此迅速和频繁的转换与彼此的友好或敌对关系，这难道不让人吃惊吗？政治宣传真是有效。

D55015（英国）
I agree, we helped China to carry on with the war against Japan, sending and collecting money for her, then when you look back, our country had stronger ties to Japan than the states, funny old world

同意，我们在二战中帮助中国继续与日本的战争，还为她募集并送去资金，然后回头一看，我们国家跟日本的关系反而更牢固，这个世界真有趣。

Scotty Mac（香港）
Yes, like the Vietnamese who are now the best of friends with the US having lost millions of their people as well as the unknown number Cambodians of Cambodians from Agent Orange, 

是的，就像越南人现在是美国最好的朋友，而在越战期间由于橙剂死了数百万人，还有死于同一原因的无数柬埔寨人。

IWWT（英国）
They did a great egg fried rice as well!

他们做的鸡蛋炒饭也很棒！

Charles（英国）
They say you learn something new each day....well I've certainly something new today...I had no idea there were Chinese in the European war theatre ( WW1), they should be recognised!

大家说每天都能学到一些新东西，而我今天的确学到了一点……我对欧洲战场上的中国人一无所知，他们应该获得承认。

HomersDad（英国）
Thousands of Chinese workers built the early US railways across thousands of miles of hostile and dangerous land - many lost their lives in the process. When all the various lines were officially opened the Railway Companies made sure not a single Chinese face appeared on any of the publicity photos. Isn't there something in the American Constitution about all people being equal - etc, etc!!

成千上万中国工人通过上千英里的敌对和危险地区建设早期的美国铁路，很多人在这个过程中丢掉性命。当所有的线路正式开放时，铁路公司却不让任何中国人的面孔出现在任何公开的照片里。美国宪法不是规定所有人都平等吗？呵呵

Scotty Mac（香港）
The same is true of Chinese who contributed to the development of the US where not allowed to become US citizens and where not allowed to vote until the 1960's. And this is the famous US humane rights and democracy at work? US politicians, sick to the core.

还有同样如此的事，1960年代以前，为美国的发展做出贡献的华人却不允许成为美国公民，也没有投票权。这就是享誉全球的美国人权和民主在起作用？美国的政客们烂到根子里了。

March West（加拿大）
DM, your headline screams of another nation who routinely takes credit for winning world wars. Britain did not win the First World War. Victory was achieved through the effort of many countries including the one who routinely takes credit for winning world wars. Doubt me?? There are memorials honouring war dead everywhere.

每日邮报，你的标题是另一个国家的尖叫，他们例行公事的把赢得世界大战的功劳归于自己。英国并未赢得第一次世纪大战。通过很多国家的努力才赢得了胜利，其中就包括那个例行公事的把赢得世界大战的功劳归于自己的那个国家。对我的话有疑问？到处都有纪念战争亡灵的纪念碑。

Scotty Mac（香港）
Yes the Empire of the time. And sone British General who lost the plot when ti came to fighting in WWI until NON British generals change the way the war for carried out with great success. It destroyed the fabric of the UK for ever.

是的，在帝国时代正是如此。在一战中，某些英国将军毫无头绪，直到非英国的将军们改变了战争的方式，才实现了伟大的胜利。它彻底毁掉了英国的荣耀。

Liberty Gold（英国）
DM making stuff up again.....how come no-one ever noticed 100,000 chinese on the 'front line' then? Come on DM we are not buying it.

每日邮报再次胡编乱造了……怎么会没人注意到10万中国人上了前线？得了吧，每日邮报，我们不吃这一套。

Walker（英国）
You need to read a bit of history. Before you post stupid comments mocking those who paid the ultimate sacrifice.

在发表愚蠢的评论嘲弄那些做出终极牺牲的人之前，你需要读一点历史。

Feddup（英国）
Liberty ==== Mainly because they were not 'on the front line'. They were civilian workers. Very few of them were anywhere near the 'front line' and none took part in the fighting or military. There were lots of other non-military near the front line too - medical, veterinarian , drivers, technicians, mechanics, etc.

自由，主要是因为他们并没有上前线。他们是平民工人。他们之中很少有人接近前线，而且没有一个参加了战斗或者加入军队。当时在前线附近也有很多非军事人员：医疗、兽医、司机、技工、机械师等等。

Walker（英国）
We did a tour of the battlefields 2 years ago, in many of the cemetery's were one or two graves with the standard CWG headstone, but inscriptions in Chinese. We were even more surprised to find comments from family members who had visited their relative size final resting place. It truely was a world war with many countries represented some of whom have remained little known about.

我们两年前去参观过一个战场，在很多墓园有一两座竖着标准的CWG墓碑，上面却刻着中国字。而发现一些祭拜他们亲人安息之地的家庭成员的评论让我们更加惊讶。在一战中确实出现了很多国家的代表，这些人沉眠于此却鲜为人知。

Ewan Whoosarmi（英国）
There are lots of graves dedicated to all manner of nationalities. They are cared for with the same level of care as the British and Commonwealth troops' graves. If people bothered to visit these cemeteries and see the sacrifices made for them they would also receive an education.

那里有很多不同民族却献身于此的人的坟墓。它们受到像英国及英联邦士兵的坟墓同等的照顾。如果人们能够拨冗前往祭拜那些墓园，并看到那些为他们做出的牺牲，他们也会受到一些教育。

Colin Davies（英国）
What, get off their backsides and visit a cemetery? In France?

啥？挪动他们的屁股去祭拜墓园？去法国？

Scotty Mac（香港）
Empire Troops, not Commonwealth, this was not so until many years later.

皇家军队，不是英联邦，当时还不是英联邦，过了很多年以后才是。

CharlieTheLazyCat（英国）
There are graves of Chinese Labour Corps men in Liverpool, Shorncliffe and Plymouth, as well as a few in Belgium, francophobes need not fear! The bigideascompany .org's Unremembered Project has an excellent free resource on remembering the many different labour corps who assisted Britain in the Great War.

在利物浦，沙恩克里夫，普利茅斯有中国劳工营的坟墓，比利时也有少量，反法国的人不用担心。bigideascompany网的“被遗忘的工程”栏目里有免费的资源，记录了很多不同的劳工营，他们都在一战中帮助过英国。

bedfordshirelad（英国）
There is so much dark secrets UK government hiding.

英国政府隐藏了这么多黑暗的秘密。

Feddup（英国）
Dark secrets? Why were these civilian Chinese workers needed? Perhaps it was because we lost so many young men in the fields of Flanders and France. It wasn't 'dark' at all. Many old soldiers remembered them - it is the historians who failed to mention them. 20,000 may have died - but so did 700,000 British soldiers.

黑暗的秘密？为什么当时需要这些中国平民工人？也许是因为我们在佛兰德斯和法国失去了太多年轻人。这一点也不黑暗。很多老兵记得他们，都是历史学家们忘了提起他们。可能死掉了20万华工，但70万英国士兵也死掉了。

Feddup（英国）
It was never a secret - the historians just didn't mention them.

这才不是什么秘密，只是历史学家们没有提到他们。

Colin Davies（英国）
Hardly a dark secret when anyone can visit and pay tribute to them at their graves in many Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries on the Western Front.

才不是什么黑暗历史，因为任何人都可以去西线的英联邦战争坟墓委员会公墓，探问他们的坟墓并表示敬意。

Scotty Mac（香港）
bedfordshirelad. You think the UK is the only country that hides secrets and think they will be hidden for ever. This is a great example of the truth coming out finally. Japan rewrote its history books about what it did before and during WWII using chemical weapons, 600,000 people in the Nanjing massacre and 8-10 million citizens murdered by Japanese troops. Thirty year occupation of Manchuria and Taiwan.

@bedfordshirelad 你觉得英国是唯一一个隐藏秘密的国家吗？你以为他们会永远被埋没吗？这是真相最终大白于天下的一个绝佳例证。二战前和二战期间日本使用了化学武器，在南京大屠杀中杀死了60万人，二战中杀死了8000万-1亿平民，日本篡改了与上述史实相关的历史书。日本占领满洲和台湾长达三十年。

TOMOPIMIP（捷克）
A very sweet and sour article !!

酸甜交织的文章！

Major Bloodnock（英国）
Nobody "won" the First World War, there was an Armistice, which is a voluntary cessation of hostilities, by all sides. The Germans did not surrender.

一战没有胜者。有个停战协定，各方自愿停止交战。德国人并没有投降。

David Tamworth（英国）
Then they became bound by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 where they agreed to pay hefty reparstions, ie they lost!

然后他们受到1919年凡尔赛条约的约束，并同意支付高额的赔偿，这就说明他们失败了！

DUMOULIN（法国）
Very interesting

有趣。

Liberty Gold（英国）
I can't believe how many people on here actually believe this! Hilarious. Seriously, have a think about it....this is not true at all.

我不敢相信竟然有这么多人相信这个！真是滑稽。讲真，好好想想吧，这完全是假的。

George（英国）
Go to the war cemeteries at Calais, Boulogne and others closer to the front line. Stand in front of them and beg for forgiveness. They were as crucial as the front line soldiers in giving YOU the freedom to state such a crass and stupid comment.

去加莱、布伦还有其他接近前线的城市的战争墓园看看。站在那些坟墓前面祈求他们的原谅。他们像前线的战士一样重要，让你获得了自由来发表如此粗鲁且愚蠢的评论。

CharlieTheLazyCat（英国）
What makes you doubt that the story is true. For a first hand account by a British officer the third volume of the illustrated diaries of Jim Maultsaid is mind-blowing. It's called 'Thank You China' and is published by Pen and Sword. The photobook of the collection of photographs in this article is also available from the Ensuring We Remember Campaign website.

是什么让你质疑这个故事的真实性？英国官员提供的第一手档案，Jim Maultsaid的插图日记第三章会让你耳目一新。它的标题是“感谢你中国”，由笔与剑出版。汇集了本文提到的照片的图书也能在“我们要牢记”的网站上获取。

Alan（美国）
This is a fascinating aspect of the war with which I was unfamiliar. Thanks for presenting this story.

这是战争让人着迷的一个方面，我对此不熟悉。感谢你讲述这个故事。

the Duke of Bognor（英国）
These people should be remembered the same as everyone else.

这些人就像其他任何人一样应该被铭记。

jp1230（英国）
Another fact that questions the Brexit British history myth.

另一个质疑英国脱欧历史谜题的事实。

EnsuringWeRemember（英国）
Very much appreciate the positive responses to this articles, let's keep faith with the men of the Chinese Labour Corps as we do with others from the Great War, our promise has always，We Will Remember Them.

十分感激对这篇文章的积极回应。让我们信守与中国劳工营的人们的承诺，就像我们信守与其他参与一战的人的承诺一样，我们的承诺将一直不变。我们会铭记他们。